Estudo de caso com metodologia experimental de correção técnico-tática para erros automatizados no ténis
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2019
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O Protocolo de Correção Técnico-Tática para Erros Automatizados tem sido aplicado no Ténis para a correção da técnica da ação, golpe ou pancada de direita de fundo do campo, em que, nas ações de construção e defensivas, o jogador atua como nas ações ofensivas, com pouco ou nenhum efeito e muita velocidade.
O objetivo deste trabalho consistiu em elaborar e testar uma metodologia capaz de contrariar um baixo desempenho desportivo provocado por erros automatizados.
A metodologia aplicada resultou da adaptação e complementaridade de três abordagens: uma baseada nos constrangimentos (planeamento da tomada de decisão tática, lógica do exercício mais fechado para exercício mais aberto em relação aos constrangimentos específicos da competição, perspetiva ecológica), um modelo de substituição de condutas habituais ligado ao feedback sensorial e um protocolo relacionado com a inibição pró-ativa. A este modelo atribui-se o nome de Protocolo de Correção Técnico-Tática para Erros Automatizados no Ténis.
Aplicando o Protocolo referido verificaram-se diferenças estatisticamente significativas na realização da ação técnico-tática pancada de fundo de direita, nos diferentes tipos de exercícios: Fáceis, Difíceis, Globais e Pontos. Os Feedbacks Sensoriais discriminativos resultantes da técnica correta e incorreta foram, respetivamente: “torção no pulso” e “força no cotovelo”. Desta forma, o jogador adquire consciência da forma como realiza a técnica, podendo corrigir-se a si próprio.
Do estudo realizado concluiu-se que o Protocolo pode ser aplicado para correção de erros técnico-táticos automatizados no praticante da modalidade de Ténis, fornecendo aos treinadores um método específico e eficaz.
The Technical-Tactical Correction Protocol for Automated Errors has been applied in the Tennis for the correction of the technique of the action, forehand behind baseline, in which, in the construction and defensive actions, the player acts as in the offensive actions , with little or no effect and a lot of speed. The objective of this work was to elaborate and test a methodology capable of counteracting a low sports performance caused by automated errors. The applied methodology resulted from the adaptation and complementarity of three approaches: one based on the constraints (planning of the tactical decision making, logic from the most closed exercise to more open exercise in relation to the specific constraints of the competition, ecological perspective), a model of substitution of habitual conducts linked to sensory feedback and a protocol related to proactive inhibition. This model is called the Technical-Tactical Correction Protocol for Automated Errors in Tennis. Applying the mentioned protocol, there were statistically significant differences in the performance of the tactical-tactical action of forehand behind baseline, in the different types of exercises: Easy, Difficult, Global and Points. The discriminatory Sensory Feedback resulting from correct and incorrect technique were, respectively: "twisting in the wrist" and "elbow force". In this way, the player acquires awareness of the way he performs the technique and can correct himself. The study concluded that the protocol can be applied to correct technical-tactical errors in the practitioner of Tennis, providing the coaches with a specific and effective method.
The Technical-Tactical Correction Protocol for Automated Errors has been applied in the Tennis for the correction of the technique of the action, forehand behind baseline, in which, in the construction and defensive actions, the player acts as in the offensive actions , with little or no effect and a lot of speed. The objective of this work was to elaborate and test a methodology capable of counteracting a low sports performance caused by automated errors. The applied methodology resulted from the adaptation and complementarity of three approaches: one based on the constraints (planning of the tactical decision making, logic from the most closed exercise to more open exercise in relation to the specific constraints of the competition, ecological perspective), a model of substitution of habitual conducts linked to sensory feedback and a protocol related to proactive inhibition. This model is called the Technical-Tactical Correction Protocol for Automated Errors in Tennis. Applying the mentioned protocol, there were statistically significant differences in the performance of the tactical-tactical action of forehand behind baseline, in the different types of exercises: Easy, Difficult, Global and Points. The discriminatory Sensory Feedback resulting from correct and incorrect technique were, respectively: "twisting in the wrist" and "elbow force". In this way, the player acquires awareness of the way he performs the technique and can correct himself. The study concluded that the protocol can be applied to correct technical-tactical errors in the practitioner of Tennis, providing the coaches with a specific and effective method.
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Orientação: Miguel Cardoso Pereira Fialho Pombeiro
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MESTRADO EM TREINO DESPORTIVO, DESPORTO, EDUCAÇÃO FÍSICA, TÉNIS, TREINO DESPORTIVO, METODOLOGIAS DO TREINO DESPORTIVO, SPORT, PHYSICAL EDUCATION, TENNIS, SPORTS COACHING, SPORTS COACHING METHODOLOGIES