Causas e consequências do fracasso escolar: avaliação externa e o seu papel
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2021
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Resumo
O presente estudo se propôs a investigar a problemática do fracasso escolar dos estudantes
economicamente menos favorecidos e excluídos do direito à educação básica. A pesquisa
assenta no paradigma interpretativo e foi desenvolvida a partir do estudo de caso, no ano letivo
de 2018, em uma escola da periferia de Manaus, tendo como participantes estudantes do Ensino
Fundamental anos finais, com distorção idade/série, Educação de Jovens e Adultos, docentes e
a diretora. Os dados foram recolhidos através de questionários, entrevista e análise documental.
A pesquisa permitiu responder às questões propostas, destacando indicadores abaixo das metas
estabelecidas. Comprovando que há realmente um problema no aspecto que este estudo se
propôs problematizar e investigar. Evidencia-se as razões para o fracasso, a gravidez na
adolescência, reclusão dos adolescentes, o trabalho infantil são fatores importantes no (in)
sucesso escolar. Destacam-se as características antagônicas de educação desejada por
estudantes e professores, o pré-conceito da escola em relação aos jovens empobrecidos e a sua
aprendizagem, a descontextualização do currículo vigente e o conhecimento raso sobre o tema.
A avaliação externa sobressai como um elemento irrisório no planejamento das ações
pedagógicas e os resultados se confirmam como um elemento coletivo na estrutura excludente
do sistema educacional.
The present study aimed to investigate the problem of the school failure of economically disadvantaged students and excluded from the right to basic education. The research is based on the interpretative paradigm and was developed from the case study, in the 2018 school year, in a school in the outskirts of Manaus, with final year students, with age / grade distortion, Youth Education and Adults, teachers and the director. Data were collected through questionnaires, interview, and documentary analysis. The research allowed answering the questions proposed, highlighting indicators below the established goals. It proves that there is indeed a problem in the aspect that this study proposes to problematize and investigate. The reasons for failure, teen pregnancy, seclusion of adolescents, child labour are important factors in (in) success in school. We highlight the antagonistic characteristics of education desired by students and teachers, the preconception of the school in relation to the impoverished youth and the learning and decontextualization of the current curriculum and the shallow knowledge on the subject. The external evaluation stands out as a negligible element in the planning of pedagogical actions and the results are confirmed as a collective element in the excluding structure of the educational system.
The present study aimed to investigate the problem of the school failure of economically disadvantaged students and excluded from the right to basic education. The research is based on the interpretative paradigm and was developed from the case study, in the 2018 school year, in a school in the outskirts of Manaus, with final year students, with age / grade distortion, Youth Education and Adults, teachers and the director. Data were collected through questionnaires, interview, and documentary analysis. The research allowed answering the questions proposed, highlighting indicators below the established goals. It proves that there is indeed a problem in the aspect that this study proposes to problematize and investigate. The reasons for failure, teen pregnancy, seclusion of adolescents, child labour are important factors in (in) success in school. We highlight the antagonistic characteristics of education desired by students and teachers, the preconception of the school in relation to the impoverished youth and the learning and decontextualization of the current curriculum and the shallow knowledge on the subject. The external evaluation stands out as a negligible element in the planning of pedagogical actions and the results are confirmed as a collective element in the excluding structure of the educational system.
Descrição
Orientação: Jacinto Serrão de Freitas
Palavras-chave
MESTRADO EM CIÊNCIAS DA EDUCAÇÃO, EDUCAÇÃO, INSUCESSO ESCOLAR, DESIGUALDADES SOCIAIS, EXCLUSÃO SOCIAL, EDUCATION, SCHOOL FAILURE, SOCIAL INEQUALITIES