Impacto do processo de treino sobre as variáveis de composição corporal, desempenho motor, psicológicas e bioquímica em tenistas juvenis
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2019
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Introdução: Planejar o processo de treinamento é fundamental para melhor compreender as adaptações decorrentes deste processo, o que faz ser importante do modo como o controle das cargas externas e internas são realizados, e as possíveis adaptações antropométricas, morfológicas e motoras causadas, além da evolução no desempenho dos atletas. Objetivo: verificar as possíveis adaptações das variáveis antropométricas e motoras, das fontes e sintomas de estresse e do estado de humor, bem como a relação entre a carga externa de treino (CET) e a carga interna de treino (CIT) de tenistas juvenis do sexo masculino. Métodos: A amostra incluiu oito tenistas do sexo masculino de alto rendimento (17,4 ± 1,1 anos) durante 10 semanas de treinamento (CET). A metodologia consistia em avaliações pré e pós programa de treino (testes motores – velocidade, agilidade, saltos verticais e resistência de velocidade; e questionários psicológicos – DALDA e BRUMS), e avaliações semanais da concentração de creatina quinase no sangue – CK e da Percepção Subjetiva de Esforço – PSE. Resultados: foram encontradas melhoras significativas para as variáveis neuromusculares agilidade e salto vertical ‘Squat Jump’ (p = 0,01 e p = 0,02, respectivamente), aumento significativo dos sintomas de estresse (p = 0,00) e piora significativa (p < 0,05) no estado de humor após as 10 semanas de treinamento, por fim, observou uma média semanal de escore forte para a PSE (CR-10, entre 5,9 ± 0,2 e 6,5 ± 0,2), e uma correlação muito forte (r = 0,973) entre a concentração de CK no sangue e a PSE, afirmando serem métodos válidos para mensurar a intensidade do treino. Conclusão: os resultados sugeriram que o treinamento realizado não gerou adaptações positivas nas características antropométricas, no entanto apresentaram melhoras significativas na agilidade e na altura do salto ‘Squat Jump’, e aumento dos sintomas de estresse e queda no estado de humor dos tenistas após as semanas de treino, sendo assim capaz de alterar o rendimento dos atletas. Além disso, as cargas internas de treino apresentaram elevados valores de concentração de CK no sangue e PSE “forte” e “muito forte” em todo o período de treinamento.
Introduction: Understanding the process of an effective training is essential for a better comprehension about the adjustments from the training. It is important how to evaluate an external and internal training loads, the resulting changes of the anthropometric, morphological and motor skills and the progress of the physical performance. Objective: The present study aims to describe changes in anthropometric components and motor skills, stress source and symptom and mood states, as well as to the relation between of external training load (ETL) and internal training load (ITL) in young male tennis players. Methods: Were involved in the study eight boys, junior tennis players (mean ± SD: age 17.4 ± 1.1 year) in 10 weeks of training. The methodology was based in evaluations before and after the training (tests of motor skills, velocity, agility, vertical jump and velocity resistance) and psychological questionnaries (DALDA and BRUMS), and also weekly evaluations of creatine kinase (CK) in the bloodand the Rate of Perceived Effort (RPE). Results: The results showed no significant improvements in the anthropometrics variables, body composition, motor skills and psychological variables. Lastly, was observer a weekly average of a high score to RPE (CR-10, entre 5.9 ± 0.2 e 6.5 ± 0.2), and significant correlation (r = 0.973) between the concentration of CK and RPE, wich claims to be a validity method of monitoring training. Conclusion: the results have suggested that training program applied did not generate positive adaptations in anthropometric variables, however, they are more effective when the agility and height of the 'Squat Jump', the increase in symptoms and the mood of the tennis players after the training weeks , thus being able to change or the athletes' performance.Although the training loads have shown high values for concentration of CK in blood and RPE.
Introduction: Understanding the process of an effective training is essential for a better comprehension about the adjustments from the training. It is important how to evaluate an external and internal training loads, the resulting changes of the anthropometric, morphological and motor skills and the progress of the physical performance. Objective: The present study aims to describe changes in anthropometric components and motor skills, stress source and symptom and mood states, as well as to the relation between of external training load (ETL) and internal training load (ITL) in young male tennis players. Methods: Were involved in the study eight boys, junior tennis players (mean ± SD: age 17.4 ± 1.1 year) in 10 weeks of training. The methodology was based in evaluations before and after the training (tests of motor skills, velocity, agility, vertical jump and velocity resistance) and psychological questionnaries (DALDA and BRUMS), and also weekly evaluations of creatine kinase (CK) in the bloodand the Rate of Perceived Effort (RPE). Results: The results showed no significant improvements in the anthropometrics variables, body composition, motor skills and psychological variables. Lastly, was observer a weekly average of a high score to RPE (CR-10, entre 5.9 ± 0.2 e 6.5 ± 0.2), and significant correlation (r = 0.973) between the concentration of CK and RPE, wich claims to be a validity method of monitoring training. Conclusion: the results have suggested that training program applied did not generate positive adaptations in anthropometric variables, however, they are more effective when the agility and height of the 'Squat Jump', the increase in symptoms and the mood of the tennis players after the training weeks , thus being able to change or the athletes' performance.Although the training loads have shown high values for concentration of CK in blood and RPE.
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Orientação: Jorge dos Santos Proença Martins
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DOUTORAMENTO EM EDUCAÇÃO FÍSICA E DESPORTO , DESPORTO, EDUCAÇÃO FÍSICA, JOVENS, ATLETAS DE COMPETIÇÃO, TÉNIS, APTIDÕES, TREINO DESPORTIVO, METODOLOGIAS DO TREINO DESPORTIVO, SPORT, PHYSICAL EDUCATION, YOUNG PEOPLE, PROFESSIONAL ATHLETES, TENNIS, APTITUDES, SPORTS COACHING, SPORTS COACHING METHODOLOGIES