Impacto do verão de 2022 na carga parasitária das explorações ovinas do A.D.S. do Campo Branco
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2024
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A produção agropecuária sente de especial modo os efeitos da seca verificada atualmente, sendo das primeiras atividades a sofrer com a escassez hídrica. Verifica-se o crescente abandono da produção devido ao aumento dos seus custos, que não acompanham o valor dos seus produtos. Estas condições podem levar a que os produtores descartem gradualmente algumas atividades sanitárias ou que diminuam a sua frequência, principalmente no que toca à desparasitação dos seus animais. Os objetivos deste trabalho são avaliar a carga parasitária de helmintes e coccídias em rebanhos ovinos do Baixo Alentejo após o verão extremo de 2022; relacionar essa carga parasitária com as condições intrínsecas e maneio da exploração, e no contexto de alterações climáticas e clima extremo discutir o progresso da produção ovina em Portugal. Foram recolhidas amostras fecais de 14 rebanhos ovinos incluindo carneiros, ovelhas e borregos, diretamente da ampola retal. Em laboratório foram realizados três métodos coprológicos, flutuação e sedimentação (métodos qualitativos) e McMaster (método quantitativo). Durante esta atividade ainda foram preenchidos inquéritos das explorações de onde foram recolhidas as amostras, inquéritos esses que caracterizaram as explorações bem como as atividades nelas praticadas. Verificou-se que no que toca a estrongilídeos gastrointestinais (EGI), a exploração que apresentou uma contagem superior foi a que detinha maior efetivo, e relativamente às coccídias as duas explorações que apresentavam uma densidade animal superior foram as que apresentavam contagens superiores. Concluiu-se que a exploração que apresentou uma contagem superior de EGI foi uma das duas explorações do estudo cujo produtor afirmou ter diminuído a frequência na administração de antiparasitários. Os protocolos antiparasitários deverão ser reformulados com base no maneio e condições específicas na exploração bem como a implementação de análises coprológicas recorrentes, principalmente antes de se efetuar o tratamento antiparasitário. Palavras-chave: Ovinos; Seca em Portugal; Eimeria spp.; Estrongilídeos gastrointestinais; Desparasitação
Agricultural and livestock production is particularly affected by the current drought, and is one of the first activities to suffer from water scarcity. Production is increasingly being abandoned due to rising costs, which are not keeping pace with the value of their products. These conditions can lead to producers gradually discarding some health activities or reducing their frequency, especially when it comes to deworming their animals. The objectives of this work are: to assess the parasite load of helminths and coccidia in sheep flocks in Baixo Alentejo after the extreme summer of 2022; to relate this parasite load to the intrinsic conditions and management of the farm and, in the context of climate change and extreme weather, to discuss the progress of sheep production in Portugal. Fecal samples were collected from 14 sheep flocks, including rams, ewes and lambs, directly from the rectal ampulla. Three coprological methods were carried out in the laboratory: flotation and sedimentation (qualitative methods) and McMaster (quantitative method). During this activity, surveys were also completed on the farms from which the samples were taken, which characterized the farms as well as the activities carried out on them. It was found that the farm with the highest count of gastrointestinal strongyloides (EGI) was the one with the largest herd, and with regard to coccidia, the two farms with the highest stocking densities were the ones with the highest counts. It was concluded that the farm with the highest EGI count was one of the two farms in the study whose producer claimed to have reduced the frequency of antiparasitic administration. Antiparasitic protocols should be reformulated based on the management and specific conditions on the farm and the implementation of recurrent coprological analyses, especially before antiparasitic treatment. Keywords: Sheep; Drought in Portugal; Eimeria spp.; Gastrointesinal Strongyloides; Deworming.
Agricultural and livestock production is particularly affected by the current drought, and is one of the first activities to suffer from water scarcity. Production is increasingly being abandoned due to rising costs, which are not keeping pace with the value of their products. These conditions can lead to producers gradually discarding some health activities or reducing their frequency, especially when it comes to deworming their animals. The objectives of this work are: to assess the parasite load of helminths and coccidia in sheep flocks in Baixo Alentejo after the extreme summer of 2022; to relate this parasite load to the intrinsic conditions and management of the farm and, in the context of climate change and extreme weather, to discuss the progress of sheep production in Portugal. Fecal samples were collected from 14 sheep flocks, including rams, ewes and lambs, directly from the rectal ampulla. Three coprological methods were carried out in the laboratory: flotation and sedimentation (qualitative methods) and McMaster (quantitative method). During this activity, surveys were also completed on the farms from which the samples were taken, which characterized the farms as well as the activities carried out on them. It was found that the farm with the highest count of gastrointestinal strongyloides (EGI) was the one with the largest herd, and with regard to coccidia, the two farms with the highest stocking densities were the ones with the highest counts. It was concluded that the farm with the highest EGI count was one of the two farms in the study whose producer claimed to have reduced the frequency of antiparasitic administration. Antiparasitic protocols should be reformulated based on the management and specific conditions on the farm and the implementation of recurrent coprological analyses, especially before antiparasitic treatment. Keywords: Sheep; Drought in Portugal; Eimeria spp.; Gastrointesinal Strongyloides; Deworming.
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VETERINARY MEDICINE, SHEEP, DEPARASITATION, PARASITISM, DROUGHT, MESTRADO INTEGRADO EM MEDICINA VETERINÁRIA, MEDICINA VETERINÁRIA, VETERINÁRIA, OVINOS, DESPARASITAÇÃO, PARASITISMO, SECA (CLIMATOLOGIA), Mestrado Integrado em Medicina Veterinária