Adversidade na infância, consumo de substâncias psicoativas e comportamento delinquente : o papel moderador da perturbação de comportamento e do suporte social
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2018
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O impacto causado pela adversidade na infância e adolescência tem suscitado
o interesse dos investigadores, no que concerne ao estudo das implicações na vida
adulta dos indivíduos. Têm sido apontadas relações entre a adversidade, saúde
psicológica e comportamentos de risco, pelo que esta investigação vai incidir mais
concretamente na Adversidade na infância associada ao Consumo de substâncias
psicoativas e Comportamento delinquente. Estas relações foram analisadas com um
olhar atento sobre potenciais variáveis mediadoras, tais como, a Perturbação de
Comportamento e Suporte Social, com o objetivo de compreender se estas duas
variáveis se associavam a maiores ou menores consumos de substâncias e práticas de
comportamentos delinquentes. Método: O estudo compreendeu 175 jovens, com
idades entre os 12 anos e os 17 anos (M= 14.99; DP=2.26), a frequentar os
Agrupamentos de Escolas e Escolas Profissionais de Marco de Canaveses. Foram
administrados os seguintes instrumentos: Questionário Sócio demográfico; Life
Events Checklist-5; Dispositivo de Despiste de Processo Antissocial; Questionário de
História na Infância; Escala de Delinquência Autorrelatada Adaptada e Escala
Multidimensional de Apoio Social Percebido. Resultados: Os principais resultados
revelaram que, a Adversidade na Infância e a Exposição a Acontecimentos
Traumáticos são preditoras do Consumo de Substâncias Psicoativas e
Comportamento Delinquente. A Perturbação de Comportamento revelou ser
mediadora na relação entre a Adversidade, o Consumo de Substâncias Psicoativas e
Comportamento Delinquente, bem como na relação entre Exposição ao Trauma, o
Consumo de Substâncias Psicoativas e Comportamento Delinquente. O Suporte
Social revelou não ser mediador em nenhumas das relações. Conclusões: Mais
importante que trabalhar redes de Suporte Social, é necessário trabalhar a perceção e
confianças nessa mesmas redes, por forma a que sejam desconstruídos esquemas
cognitivos destorcidos.
The impact caused by adversity in childhood and adolescence has aroused the interest of researchers in the study of the implications in adult life of individuals. Relationships between adversity, psychological health and risk behaviors have been pointed out, so this research will focus more specifically on Adversity in childhood associated with the use of psychoactive substances and delinquent behavior. These relationships were analyzed with a careful look at potential mediating variables, such as Behavior Disturbance and Social Support, in order to understand if these two variables were associated to higher or lower substance consumption and practices of delinquent behavior. Method: The study comprised 175 youngsters, aged 12 years to 17 years (M = 14.99; SD = 2.26), attending the Marco de Canaveses School and Vocational School Groups. The following instruments were administered: Questionnaire Demographic partner; Life Events Checklist-5; Anti- Social Process Screening Device; Childhood History Questionnaire; Adapted Self-reported Delinquency Scale and Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support. Results: The main results revealed that Adversity in childhood and Exposure to traumatic events are predictive of the Consumption of Psychoactive Substances and Delinquent Behavior. Behavioral Disorder was also a mediator in the relationship between Adversity, Consumption of Psychoactive Substances and Delinquent Behavior, as well as Exposure to Trauma, Consumption of Psychoactive Substances and Delinquent Behavior. Social Support revealed that it was not a mediator in any of the relationships. Conclusions: More important than working Social Support networks, it is necessary to work the perception and trust in these same Social Support networks, so that distorted cognitive schemes are deconstructed.
The impact caused by adversity in childhood and adolescence has aroused the interest of researchers in the study of the implications in adult life of individuals. Relationships between adversity, psychological health and risk behaviors have been pointed out, so this research will focus more specifically on Adversity in childhood associated with the use of psychoactive substances and delinquent behavior. These relationships were analyzed with a careful look at potential mediating variables, such as Behavior Disturbance and Social Support, in order to understand if these two variables were associated to higher or lower substance consumption and practices of delinquent behavior. Method: The study comprised 175 youngsters, aged 12 years to 17 years (M = 14.99; SD = 2.26), attending the Marco de Canaveses School and Vocational School Groups. The following instruments were administered: Questionnaire Demographic partner; Life Events Checklist-5; Anti- Social Process Screening Device; Childhood History Questionnaire; Adapted Self-reported Delinquency Scale and Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support. Results: The main results revealed that Adversity in childhood and Exposure to traumatic events are predictive of the Consumption of Psychoactive Substances and Delinquent Behavior. Behavioral Disorder was also a mediator in the relationship between Adversity, Consumption of Psychoactive Substances and Delinquent Behavior, as well as Exposure to Trauma, Consumption of Psychoactive Substances and Delinquent Behavior. Social Support revealed that it was not a mediator in any of the relationships. Conclusions: More important than working Social Support networks, it is necessary to work the perception and trust in these same Social Support networks, so that distorted cognitive schemes are deconstructed.
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Orientação: Andreia de Moura
Palavras-chave
MESTRADO EM PSICOLOGIA DA JUSTIÇA, PSICOLOGIA, MAUS-TRATOS INFANTIS, CONSUMO DE SUBSTÂNCIAS, DELINQUÊNCIA, PERTURBAÇÕES COMPORTAMENTAIS, SUPORTE SOCIAL, PSYCHOLOGY, CHILD ABUSE, SUBSTANCE USE, DELINQUENCY, SOCIAL SUPPORT, ADOLESCENCE, ADOLESCÊNCIA