Estudo retrospectivo (2007-2014) sobre os dados recolhidos em gatos com sintomatologia de doença do tracto urinário inferior
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2016
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A obstrução urinária em gatos é uma complicação da doença felina do tracto urinário inferior frequentemente diagnosticada na prática clínica. Os gatos machos são os mais acometidos por esta situação devido à anatomia da sua uretra que é progressivamente mais longa e estreita. A persistência do estado obstrutivo promove diversas alterações a nível sistémico como é o caso da azotémia pós-renal e da hipercalémia, podendo ambas conduzir à morte do animal. O diagnóstico e tratamento precoces são essenciais. Foi realizado um estudo retrospectivo que contou com um grupo de quarenta e quatro gatos admitidos em consulta num período compreendido entre Janeiro de 2007 e Dezembro de 2014 em dois centros de atendimento Médico-Veterinários do concelho de Cascais. O propósito deste estudo foi avaliar os factores de risco, a sintomatologia e as alterações clínico-laboratoriais relacionadas com a obstrução urinária em gatos visto que grande parte dos estudos semelhantes existentes são de origem estrangeira. Foi encontrada uma associação estatisticamente significativa entre a existência de uma parede vesical espessada à ecografia com a ocorrência de obstrução (p=0,031), bem como entre ter estado obstruído e sofrer recidivas (p=0,021). A algaliação foi o procedimento terapêutico utilizado em todos os gatos obstruídos (p <0,001). Os sinais clínicos hematúria (p=0,037) e polaquiúria (p=0,046) demonstraram uma associação significativa com a ausência de obstrução, assim como a presença de células de descamação no exame de sedimento urinário (p=0,029).
The urinary obstruction in cats is a complication of feline lower urinary tract disease often diagnosed in clinical practice. Male cats are the most affected by this situation due the anatomy of their urethra, which is progressively long and narrow. The persistence of obstructive status promotes systemic changes, like post -renal azotemia and hyperkalemia, which may result in animal’s death. Early diagnosis and treatment are essential. A retrospective study was conducted with a group of forty-four cats who had been admitted for consultation in the period between January 2007 and December 2014 among two Veterinary medical care centers in the municipality of Cascais. The hematuria (n = 10) was the clinical sign most frequently seen in cats presented to consult with lower urinary tract symptoms. Regarding male cats in the study, the majority suffered an obstructive episode (n=20), and most of them were between one and six years old (n=14). Male gender was a risk factor for the occurrence of urinary obstruction (p = 0.023) as well as the presence of struvite crystals (p = 0.02). The existence of a thickened bladder wall at ultrasound revealed a positive association with the occurrence of obstruction (p = 0.031) as well as being blocked and suffer relapses (p = 0.021). The therapeutic catheterization procedure was used in all cats blocked (p <0.001). The hematuria (p=0.037) and pollakiuria (p = 0.046) demonstrated a positive correlation with the absence of obstruction as well as the presence of cell shedding in urine sediment examination (p= 0.029). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the risk factors, symptoms and the clinical and laboratory abnormalities related to urinary tract obstructions in cats because most of the existing similar studies are of foreign origin.
The urinary obstruction in cats is a complication of feline lower urinary tract disease often diagnosed in clinical practice. Male cats are the most affected by this situation due the anatomy of their urethra, which is progressively long and narrow. The persistence of obstructive status promotes systemic changes, like post -renal azotemia and hyperkalemia, which may result in animal’s death. Early diagnosis and treatment are essential. A retrospective study was conducted with a group of forty-four cats who had been admitted for consultation in the period between January 2007 and December 2014 among two Veterinary medical care centers in the municipality of Cascais. The hematuria (n = 10) was the clinical sign most frequently seen in cats presented to consult with lower urinary tract symptoms. Regarding male cats in the study, the majority suffered an obstructive episode (n=20), and most of them were between one and six years old (n=14). Male gender was a risk factor for the occurrence of urinary obstruction (p = 0.023) as well as the presence of struvite crystals (p = 0.02). The existence of a thickened bladder wall at ultrasound revealed a positive association with the occurrence of obstruction (p = 0.031) as well as being blocked and suffer relapses (p = 0.021). The therapeutic catheterization procedure was used in all cats blocked (p <0.001). The hematuria (p=0.037) and pollakiuria (p = 0.046) demonstrated a positive correlation with the absence of obstruction as well as the presence of cell shedding in urine sediment examination (p= 0.029). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the risk factors, symptoms and the clinical and laboratory abnormalities related to urinary tract obstructions in cats because most of the existing similar studies are of foreign origin.
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Orientação : Joana Tavares de Oliveira
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MESTRADO INTEGRADO EM MEDICINA VETERINÁRIA, VETERINÁRIA, GATOS, SINTOMATOLOGIA, DOENÇAS DO SISTEMA URINÁRIO, EXAMES CLÍNICOS, CATS, SYMPTOMATOLOGY, UROLOGIC DISEASES, CLINICAL EXAMINATION, FELÍDEOS, FELIDS, MEDICINA VETERINÁRIA, VETERINARY MEDICINE