Insulinoma em cães
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Data
2019
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Resumo
Os insulinomas são neoplasias das células b, maioritariamente malignas, que
apresentam excesso de secreção de insulina, e assim, de forma autónoma e independente
da concentração da glicose plasmática, provocam hipoglicemias persistentes. A sua elevada
capacidade de metastização (principalmente no fígado, gânglios linfáticos e omento), refletese
intensamente na evolução do quadro clínico e na determinação do prognóstico. Considerase
uma doença rara em cães e de diagnóstico pouco frequente, sem predisposição sexual e
pouca relação racial, ocorrendo predominantemente entre os 8 e 10 anos de idade em animais
de médio/grande porte. O diagnóstico definitivo realiza-se por histopatologia com coloração
imuno-histoquímica da massa. Apenas a extirpação cirúrgica pode ser a base do tratamento,
todavia agentes hiperglicemiantes podem ser administrados como cuidados paliativos.
O seguinte trabalho realizou-se no âmbito da conclusão do Mestrado Integrado em
Medicina Veterinária, no qual o tema abordado e desenvolvido foi insulinomas em cães.
Inicialmente, refere-se uma pequena revisão bibliográfica, seguida da apresentação de 3
casos – 1 de diagnóstico definitivo e os restantes de diagnóstico presuntivo de Insulinoma.
Tendo sido, a suspeita, sustentada pelas manifestações clínicas, bem como pela regressão
das mesmas aquando do tratamento cirúrgico ou com agentes hiperglicemiantes.
Insulin-secreting tumours are b cells neoplasms, which are mostly malignant, that due the excessive insulin secretion, by an autonomous and independent means of the plasma glucose concentration, lead to persistent hypoglycaemias. Its high metastasis rate – which mainly appears in the liver, lymph nodes and omentum – reflected not only upon the progression of the disease, but also on the prognostic. Therefore, it is considered as a rare disease in dogs and its diagnostics is scarce, without sexual predisposition and low racial correlation, occurring predominantly between the ages of 8 and 10 in medium/large-sized breeds. The definitive diagnosis is obtained for histopathology with immunohistochemical staining of the mass. Solely the surgical excision could be the cornerstone of its treatment; however, hyperglycemic agents may be applied in palliative care. The following report was carried out within the scope of the achievement of the Integrated Master’s degree in Veterinary Medicine, in which the subject addressed and discussed was insulin-secreting tumours in dogs. In the first place, there is a short literature review and, secondly, there is a presentation and discussion of three cases – 1 of definitive diagnosis and the remaining presumptive diagnosis of insulinoma. The suspicious was sustained by the clinical manifestations, as well as its regression during the surgical treatment or with hyperglycaemic agents.
Insulin-secreting tumours are b cells neoplasms, which are mostly malignant, that due the excessive insulin secretion, by an autonomous and independent means of the plasma glucose concentration, lead to persistent hypoglycaemias. Its high metastasis rate – which mainly appears in the liver, lymph nodes and omentum – reflected not only upon the progression of the disease, but also on the prognostic. Therefore, it is considered as a rare disease in dogs and its diagnostics is scarce, without sexual predisposition and low racial correlation, occurring predominantly between the ages of 8 and 10 in medium/large-sized breeds. The definitive diagnosis is obtained for histopathology with immunohistochemical staining of the mass. Solely the surgical excision could be the cornerstone of its treatment; however, hyperglycemic agents may be applied in palliative care. The following report was carried out within the scope of the achievement of the Integrated Master’s degree in Veterinary Medicine, in which the subject addressed and discussed was insulin-secreting tumours in dogs. In the first place, there is a short literature review and, secondly, there is a presentation and discussion of three cases – 1 of definitive diagnosis and the remaining presumptive diagnosis of insulinoma. The suspicious was sustained by the clinical manifestations, as well as its regression during the surgical treatment or with hyperglycaemic agents.
Descrição
Orientação: Joana Oliveira ; co-orientação: Pedro
Almeida ; orientação externa: Tânia Marques Dias
Palavras-chave
MESTRADO INTEGRADO EM MEDICINA VETERINÁRIA, VETERINÁRIA, MEDICINA VETERINÁRIA, HIPOGLICÉMIA, NEOPLASIAS, CANÍDEOS, CÃES, CASOS CLÍNICOS, VETERINARY MEDICINE, HYPOGLYCEMIA, NEOPLASMS, CANIDS, DOGS, CASE REPORTS, HIPERINSULINISMO, HYPERINSULINISM, INSULINOMA