A utilização do marcador cardíaco NT-proBNP como meio complementar de diagnóstico na cardiomiopatia hipertrófica felina
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2024
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A cardiomiopatia hipertrófica felina é a doença cardíaca mais prevalente na clínica de felinos, caracterizando-se pela hipertrofia do miocárdio. Encontra-se afetada, principalmente, a função diastólica, podendo ocorrer insuficiência cardíaca congestiva e Tromboembolismo arterial. Muitos gatos apresentam-se assintomáticos, mesmo sendo portadores da doença. O diagnóstico é feito através de ecocardiografia, excluindo-se causas secundárias de hipertrofia ventricular. Os biomarcadores cardíacos como método de diagnostico em Medicina Veterinária ainda estão a ser investigados, sendo que estudos recentes, indicam que, num futuro próximo, poderão vir a ser boas ferramentas de diagnóstico de doenças cardíacas. Esta dissertação visa a abordar os aspetos relativos à doença, o biomarcador cardíaco NT proBNP, e relatar um estudo efetuado em felinos com diferentes estadios de CMH. O objetivo foi perceber se o NT-proBNP é um bom método de diagnóstico para CMH felina, relacionando o com as características ecocardiográficas dos gatos e comparando os valores com o grupo de controlo. Após o tratamento estatístico dos dados, a única variável estatisticamente significativa foi o rácio AE/Ao. A sensibilidade neste estudo foi baixa (55%), concluindo que identificar gatos com CMH neste projeto através do NT-proBNP foi questionável. No entanto, devido à amostra ser pequena, não se pode concluir que o NT-proBNP não seja um bom método de diagnóstico para CMH. Palavras-chave: gato, cardiomiopatia hipertrófica, biomarcador cardíaco, NT-proBNP, ecocardiografia
Feline hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is the most prevalent heart disease in feline clinic, characterized by myocardial hypertrophy. The diastolic function is mainly affected, and congestive heart failure and arterial thromboembolism may occur. Many cats are asymptomatic, even though they are carriers of the disease. The diagnosis is made through echocardiography, excluding secondary causes of ventricular hypertrophy. Cardiac biomarkers as a diagnostic method in Veterinary Medicine are still being investigated, and recent studies indicate that, in the near future, they may become good diagnostic tools for heart diseases. This dissertation aims to address aspects related to the disease, the cardiac biomarker NTproBNP, and report a study carried out in felines with diferente stages of HCM. The objective was to understand whether NT-proBNP is a good diagnostic tool for feline HCM, relating it to the ecocardiographic characterists of cats and comparing the values with the controlo group. After data statistical treatment, the only statistically significant variable was the AE/Ao ratio. Sensivity in this study was low (55%), concluding that identifying cats with HCM in this project through NT-proBNP was questionable. However, due to the small sample size, it cannot be concluded that NT-proBNP is not a good disgnostic method fo HCM. Key-words: cat, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, cardiac biomarker, NT-proBNP, ecocardiography
Feline hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is the most prevalent heart disease in feline clinic, characterized by myocardial hypertrophy. The diastolic function is mainly affected, and congestive heart failure and arterial thromboembolism may occur. Many cats are asymptomatic, even though they are carriers of the disease. The diagnosis is made through echocardiography, excluding secondary causes of ventricular hypertrophy. Cardiac biomarkers as a diagnostic method in Veterinary Medicine are still being investigated, and recent studies indicate that, in the near future, they may become good diagnostic tools for heart diseases. This dissertation aims to address aspects related to the disease, the cardiac biomarker NTproBNP, and report a study carried out in felines with diferente stages of HCM. The objective was to understand whether NT-proBNP is a good diagnostic tool for feline HCM, relating it to the ecocardiographic characterists of cats and comparing the values with the controlo group. After data statistical treatment, the only statistically significant variable was the AE/Ao ratio. Sensivity in this study was low (55%), concluding that identifying cats with HCM in this project through NT-proBNP was questionable. However, due to the small sample size, it cannot be concluded that NT-proBNP is not a good disgnostic method fo HCM. Key-words: cat, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, cardiac biomarker, NT-proBNP, ecocardiography
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VETERINARY MEDICINE, CATS, HYPERTROPHIC CARDIOMYOPATHY, BIOMARKERS, ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY, MESTRADO INTEGRADO EM MEDICINA VETERINÁRIA, MEDICINA VETERINÁRIA, VETERINÁRIA, GATOS, CARDIOMIOPATIA HIPERTRÓFICA, BIOMARCADORES, ECOCARDIOGRAFIA, Mestrado Integrado em Medicina Veterinária