O crime de violência doméstica : (a imputabilidade em razão de anomalia psíquica)
Miniatura indisponível
Ficheiros
Data
2013
Título da revista
ISSN da revista
Título do Volume
Editora
Resumo
O presente trabalho procura demonstrar e analisar o crime de violência doméstica. No entanto, o mesmo só aparece autonomamente tipificado e assim designado no Código Penal a partir da reforma penal de 2007.
Procuramos fazer uma retrospectiva e analisar as várias reformas penais perpetradas no Código Penal desde o Código de 1982 até à reforma penal de 2007, verificando as alterações nos artigos referentes aos maus tratos. Se no início, em 1982, o crime previsto e punido era o de maus tratos ao cônjuge, como alínea integrante do crime de maus tratos, actualmente encontra-se autonomizado no crime de violência doméstica (artigo 152.º C.P.) e abrange não só os cônjuges como também os progenitores de descendente comum em 1.º grau; pessoas particularmente indefesas em razão de idade, deficiência, doença, gravidez ou dependência económica que coabitem com o agressor. E é aqui neste ponto que o ordenamento jurídico português se distingue de outros ordenamentos jurídicos, nomeadamente do Brasileiro e do Espanhol. Assim no segundo capítulo procuramos caracterizar este dois ordenamentos jurídicos demonstrando que, não obstante ter regras de punição e prevenção da violência doméstica próprias desse tipo legal, a verdade é que as mesmas acabam por falhar pois que na letra da lei apenas admitem como vítimas as mulheres. Acaba assim por se falar em violência de género e não em violência doméstica.
Fruto das várias alterações, quer no direito substantivo quer no direito processual, verificamos que estamos perante um tipo de crime complexo tendo em conta não só o bem jurídico que o mesmo pretende proteger, mas também as pessoas que podem ser vítimas de violência doméstica. Além de que, mesmo na óptica do agressor, é necessário ter-se em conta todos os condicionalismos que o levaram a praticar o crime. É aqui que entrámos no domínio da inimputabilidade do agente, e que neste trabalho apenas nos dedicaremos à inimputabilidade em razão da anomalia psíquica. Na verdade, o crime de violência doméstica, dado a relação de proximidade existente entre agente e vítima leva muitas vezes a que este crime seja silenciado, provocando uma revolta tal na vítima passando esta de vítima a agressora. Estará, neste caso, o agressor consciente da prática do crime? Essa consciência ou ausência dela será meramente passageira ou será um estado psicológico característico de uma doença mental? Estará a nossa lei totalmente adaptada à realidade dos factos? Defenderá a nossa legislação tanto o objectivo de punição como o de punição?
São estas questões que nos propomos a estudar neste estudo.
This work aims to demonstrate and analyze the crime of domestic violence. However, this crime only appears typified in the Criminal Code from the penal reform in 2007. We try to look back and analyze the various penal reforms perpetrated in the Criminal Code since the Code of 1982 until the penal reform of 2007, verifying the changes on articles related to maltreatment. If at the beginning, in 1982, the crime provided for and punished was the abuse to spouse, as an integral point of the crime of mistreatment, currently is ring-fenced in the crime of domestic violence (Article 152. º CP) and includes not only spouses but also the progenitors of common descent in one degree; defenseless people particularly because of age, disability, illness, pregnancy or economic dependence or living together with the aggressor. And here is this point that the Portuguese legal system is distinguished from other jurisdictions, notably the Brazilian and Spanish. So in this second chapter aimed to characterize both jurisdictions demonstrating that, despite having rules of punishment and prevention of domestic violence themselves, the truth is that they end up failing since the letter of the law only admit women as victims. So ends up talking about gender violence and not on domestic violence. Result of the various changes, both in substantive law or procedural law, we find that we have a kind of complex crime considering not only the legal right but also the people who may be victims of domestic violence. Besides that, even from the standpoint of aggressor, it is necessary to have regard to all the constraints that led him to commit the crime. It is here that we have entered the field of unimputability agent, and that this work will be dedicated only to unimputability because of a mental disorder. In fact, the crime of domestic violence, given the close relationship between perpetrator and the victim often leads to this crime to be muted, causing upheaval in the victim transforming the victim into aggressor. Is this case, the perpetrator of the crime conscious? This awareness or lack of it will only be temporary and will be a psychological characteristic of a mental illness? Is our law fully adapted to the reality of the facts? Defend our legislation both the aim of punishment such as prevention? These are issues that we propose to study in this work.
This work aims to demonstrate and analyze the crime of domestic violence. However, this crime only appears typified in the Criminal Code from the penal reform in 2007. We try to look back and analyze the various penal reforms perpetrated in the Criminal Code since the Code of 1982 until the penal reform of 2007, verifying the changes on articles related to maltreatment. If at the beginning, in 1982, the crime provided for and punished was the abuse to spouse, as an integral point of the crime of mistreatment, currently is ring-fenced in the crime of domestic violence (Article 152. º CP) and includes not only spouses but also the progenitors of common descent in one degree; defenseless people particularly because of age, disability, illness, pregnancy or economic dependence or living together with the aggressor. And here is this point that the Portuguese legal system is distinguished from other jurisdictions, notably the Brazilian and Spanish. So in this second chapter aimed to characterize both jurisdictions demonstrating that, despite having rules of punishment and prevention of domestic violence themselves, the truth is that they end up failing since the letter of the law only admit women as victims. So ends up talking about gender violence and not on domestic violence. Result of the various changes, both in substantive law or procedural law, we find that we have a kind of complex crime considering not only the legal right but also the people who may be victims of domestic violence. Besides that, even from the standpoint of aggressor, it is necessary to have regard to all the constraints that led him to commit the crime. It is here that we have entered the field of unimputability agent, and that this work will be dedicated only to unimputability because of a mental disorder. In fact, the crime of domestic violence, given the close relationship between perpetrator and the victim often leads to this crime to be muted, causing upheaval in the victim transforming the victim into aggressor. Is this case, the perpetrator of the crime conscious? This awareness or lack of it will only be temporary and will be a psychological characteristic of a mental illness? Is our law fully adapted to the reality of the facts? Defend our legislation both the aim of punishment such as prevention? These are issues that we propose to study in this work.
Descrição
Orientação: Alexandra Vilela
Palavras-chave
MESTRADO EM DIREITO, DIREITO, VIOLÊNCIA DOMÉSTICA, VIOLÊNCIA CONJUGAL, LAW, DOMESTIC VIOLENCE, CONJUGAL VIOLENCE