Contribuição para o estudo da leishmaniose canina e a sua importância em saúde pública
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2021
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As leishmanioses são causadas pelo protozoário Leishmania sendo uma das principais zoonoses causadoras de doenças graves em todo o mundo. É uma doença endémica em 98 países, e a sua distribuição está relacionada à presença dos vetores que são insetos pertencentes à subfamília Phlebotominae. Os insetos flebotomíneos são extremamente dependentes das condições de temperatura e humidade e a sua distribuição está relacionada aos locais propícios ao seu desenvolvimento. Por também possuírem características antropofílicas e a sua distribuição ser coincidente com a presença de hospedeiros infetados, torna-se um problema de saúde pública muito relevante. A leishmaniose é transmitida pela picada de fêmeas de flebotomíneos infetadas com o protozoário Leishmania. No meio urbano, o cão doméstico é o principal hospedeiro reservatório da doença.
Neste estudo realizou-se um inquérito direcionado a setenta Médicos Veterinários e a duzentos e vinte e três tutores de cães com o objetivo de obter o grau de informação que os tutores possuem relativamente à leishmaniose e o diagnóstico, tratamento e profilaxia mais frequentemente realizados pelos médicos veterinários.
Como respostas aos inquéritos, 4,04% dos tutores não sabiam o que é a leishmaniose e mais de metade (52,34%) não sabiam que a leishmaniose é uma zoonose.
Relativamente aos médicos veterinários verifica-se que 44,29% não recomendam o teste de animais saudáveis. Apesar de ser uma pequena parte ainda há médicos veterinários que não informam os tutores que se trata de uma zoonose.
Conclui-se que a população ainda não sabe muito sobre a doença e que se devia apostar mais na divulgação, sendo que os médicos veterinários têm um papel fundamental tanto na divulgação como na prevenção da mesma.
Leishmaniosis is caused by the protozoan Leishmania and is one of the main zoonoses that cause serious diseases worldwide. It is an endemic disease in 98 countries, and its distribution is related to the presence of vectors that are insects belonging to the subfamily Phlebotominae. Phlebotomine insects depend extremely on temperature and humidity conditions and their distribution is related to the places favorable to their development. As they also have anthropophilic characteristics and their distribution coincides with the presence of infected hosts, it becomes a very relevant public health problem. Leishmaniosis is transmitted by the stinging of sandflies infected with the protozoan Leishmania. In the urban environment, the domestic dog is the main reservoir host of the disease. In this study, research was carried out to define veterinarians and two hundred and twenty-three dog tutors in order to obtain the level of information that tutors have about leishmaniosis and the diagnosis, treatment and prophylaxis most frequently carried out by veterinary doctors. In response to the inquiries, 4,04% of the tutors did not know what leishmaniosis is and more than half (52,34%) did not know that leishmaniosis is a zoonosis. Regarding veterinarians, 44,29% do not recommend testing healthy animals. Despite being a small part, there are still veterinarians who do not inform tutors that they are dealing with a zoonosis. It is concluded that a population still does not know much about the disease and that more should be invested in dissemination, and veterinarians have a fundamental role both in dissemination and in the same prevention of.
Leishmaniosis is caused by the protozoan Leishmania and is one of the main zoonoses that cause serious diseases worldwide. It is an endemic disease in 98 countries, and its distribution is related to the presence of vectors that are insects belonging to the subfamily Phlebotominae. Phlebotomine insects depend extremely on temperature and humidity conditions and their distribution is related to the places favorable to their development. As they also have anthropophilic characteristics and their distribution coincides with the presence of infected hosts, it becomes a very relevant public health problem. Leishmaniosis is transmitted by the stinging of sandflies infected with the protozoan Leishmania. In the urban environment, the domestic dog is the main reservoir host of the disease. In this study, research was carried out to define veterinarians and two hundred and twenty-three dog tutors in order to obtain the level of information that tutors have about leishmaniosis and the diagnosis, treatment and prophylaxis most frequently carried out by veterinary doctors. In response to the inquiries, 4,04% of the tutors did not know what leishmaniosis is and more than half (52,34%) did not know that leishmaniosis is a zoonosis. Regarding veterinarians, 44,29% do not recommend testing healthy animals. Despite being a small part, there are still veterinarians who do not inform tutors that they are dealing with a zoonosis. It is concluded that a population still does not know much about the disease and that more should be invested in dissemination, and veterinarians have a fundamental role both in dissemination and in the same prevention of.
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Orientação: Ana Maria Duque de Araújo Munhoz
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MESTRADO INTEGRADO EM MEDICINA VETERINÁRIA, MEDICINA VETERINÁRIA, CÃES, LEISHMANIOSE, SAÚDE PÚBLICA , DESPARASITAÇÃO , VETERINÁRIOS, VETERINARY MEDICINE, DOGS, LEISHMANIASIS, PUBLIC HEALTH , DEPARASITATION, VETERINARIANS