Análise da associação entre a experiência profissional, perceção da motivação dos clientes e as estratégias motivacionais utilizados pelos personal trainers
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Data
2014
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Resumo
Objetivo
O objetivo do estudo foi analisar a associação entre variáveis antecedentes (anos experiência, formação académica e perceção da motivação dos clientes) e a utilização das estratégias motivacionais, em personal trainers. Inicialmente fizemos uma revisão sistemática de literatura e seguidamente um estudo transversal.
Método
Numa primeira fase, foi conduzida uma pesquisa eletrónica estruturada, em duas bases de dados distintas, de acordo com o modelo PI[C]OS referenciado e recomendado nas guidelines do PRISMA. Numa segunda fase, no estudo transversal foram estudados 111 personal trainer através de questionários.
Resultados
A revisão sistemática de literatura teve como principais resultados que quer as pressões de cima, tais como a pressão no trabalho e padrões de desempenho, quer as pressões vindas de baixo, que neste caso são a perceção da motivação dos alunos ou atletas, vão influenciar o professor ao nível das suas necessidades psicológicas, afetando a sua autodeterminação, que vai por sua vez afetar indiretamente as suas estratégias motivacionais para com os alunos. Em relação ao estudo transversal, não existiram diferenças significativas na utilização de estratégias motivacionais entre os personal trainers licenciados e não licenciados, apenas houve associações significativas entre a utilização das estratégias motivacionais e a perceção que têm da motivação dos seus clientes, por parte dos personal trainers com mais anos de experiência.
Conclusão
As estratégias motivacionais de apoio dos profissionais estão associadas à perceção da motivação autónoma dos alunos/atletas.
Os personal trainers com mais anos de experiência poderão ter uma maior sintonia na utilização das estratégias motivacionais em função da motivação percecionada em relação ao seu cliente.
Purpose The aim of the study was to analyze the association between antecedents (years experience, academic training and perception of customer motivation) and the use of motivational strategies in personal trainers. Initially we did a systematic literature review and then a cross-sectional study. Method Initially, we conducted a research electronic structured in two separate databases, according to the PI[C]OS model referenced and recommended in the guidelines of the prisma PRISMA (Liberati et al., 2009). In a second phase, a cross-sectional observational study in 111 personal trainer was made with questionnaires. Outcomes The systematic literature review main results were that the pressures from above, such as pressure at work and performance standards, and the pressures from below, which in this case is the perception of motivation among students or players, will influence the teacher in terms of their psychological needs, affecting their self-determination, which in turn will indirectly affect their motivational strategies with students. Regarding the observational study, there were no significant differences in the use of motivational strategies among personal trainers undergraduate and graduate, only there were significant associations between the use of motivational strategies and their perception of the motivation of their clients, by personal trainers with more years of experience. Conclusion Motivational strategies to support professionals are associated with the perception of autonomous motivation of students / athletes. Personal trainers with years of experience will have a greater harmony in the use of motivational strategies based on the perceived motivation in relation to his client.
Purpose The aim of the study was to analyze the association between antecedents (years experience, academic training and perception of customer motivation) and the use of motivational strategies in personal trainers. Initially we did a systematic literature review and then a cross-sectional study. Method Initially, we conducted a research electronic structured in two separate databases, according to the PI[C]OS model referenced and recommended in the guidelines of the prisma PRISMA (Liberati et al., 2009). In a second phase, a cross-sectional observational study in 111 personal trainer was made with questionnaires. Outcomes The systematic literature review main results were that the pressures from above, such as pressure at work and performance standards, and the pressures from below, which in this case is the perception of motivation among students or players, will influence the teacher in terms of their psychological needs, affecting their self-determination, which in turn will indirectly affect their motivational strategies with students. Regarding the observational study, there were no significant differences in the use of motivational strategies among personal trainers undergraduate and graduate, only there were significant associations between the use of motivational strategies and their perception of the motivation of their clients, by personal trainers with more years of experience. Conclusion Motivational strategies to support professionals are associated with the perception of autonomous motivation of students / athletes. Personal trainers with years of experience will have a greater harmony in the use of motivational strategies based on the perceived motivation in relation to his client.
Descrição
Orientação : António Palmeira
Palavras-chave
DESPORTO, MESTRADO EM EXERCÍCIO E BEM-ESTAR, PERSONAL TRAINERS, MOTIVAÇÃO, EXPERIÊNCIA PROFISSIONAL, SPORT, PERSONAL TRAINERS, MOTIVATION, PROFESSIONAL EXPERIENCE