Deteção molecular de herpesvírus canino no trato genital de cadelas nas diferentes fases do ciclo éstrico
Miniatura indisponível
Data
2023
Título da revista
ISSN da revista
Título do Volume
Editora
Resumo
O herpesvírus canino tipo I (HVC-1) está amplamente disseminado entre cães, com uma seroprevalência na Europa de 40 a 90%, sendo encontrado principalmente em canis de reprodução. Em animais adultos, a infeção varia de assintomática a doença ligeira, com sinais clínicos genitais, respiratórios e oculares. É também considerada uma causa frequente de infertilidade, distúrbios reprodutivos e mortalidade neonatal. Numa grande parte da população canina adulta, a infeção permanece latente e pode ser reativada durante eventos causadores de stress. No entanto, a correlação entre a disseminação do vírus e a fase do ciclo éstrico é ainda desconhecida. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo identificar a presença de HVC-1 em cadelas e correlacionar a presença do vírus com as diferentes fases do ciclo éstrico, a sua saúde reprodutiva, parâmetros epidemiológicos e condições de maneio que possam constituir fatores de risco que favoreçam a transmissão da infeção. Entre Setembro de 2021 e Abril de 2022, foram recolhidas amostras por zaragatoa vaginal de 60 cadelas de várias idades e raças, apresentadas à consulta de reprodução no Centro de Reprodução Veterinária da Anicura Atlântico (CRVA). Para cada animal, foi determinada a fase do ciclo éstrico, realizada um esfregaço vaginal, através de zaragatoa, solicitando aos proprietários o preenchimento de um questionário sobre a saúde das cadelas e o seu historial reprodutivo. Através das zaragatoas vaginais, foi realizada a extração de ácido desoxirribonucleico (DNA, do inglês "Deoxyribonucleic acid") e uma reação em cadeia polimerase (PCR, do inglês "Polymerase chain reaction") em tempo real para deteção da presença do DNA HVC-1. O DNA HVC-1 foi detetado em 2 das 60 amostras (3,3%). Ambas as amostras pertenciam a animais adultos em fase de estro, sem vacinação contra o HVC-1, pertencentes a canis reprodutores, apresentando ambas histórico de infertilidade. Que seja do conhecimento da autora, o presente trabalho constitui a primeira descrição da deteção molecular de HVC-1 em cadelas em Portugal. O facto do vírus ter sido identificado em animais em fase de estro, sem vacinação contra o HVC-1 e pertencentes a coletividades pode indicar que estes fatores podem ter favorecido a transmissão da infeção. O facto de ambos os animais positivos para HVC-1 terem historial de distúrbios reprodutivos é também de realçar. Globalmente, os resultados obtidos evidenciam a necessidade de mais estudos que permitam aprofundar o conhecimento sobre a transmissão do vírus e a sua relação com a saúde reprodutiva das cadelas. Palavras-chave: herpesvírus canino; infertilidade; PCR
Canine herpesvirus type I (CHV-1) is widely spread among dogs, with a 40-90% distribution in Europe, mainly found in breeding kennels. In adult animals, the infection ranges from asymptomatic to mild illness with genital, respiratory and ocular clinical signs. It is also considered to be a major cause of infertility, reproductive disorders and neonatal mortality. In a large part of the adult canine population, infection remains latent and can be reactivated during stressful events. However, the correlation between the shedding of the virus and the phase of the oestrous cycle is still unknown. The present study aimed to identify the presence of CHV-1 in bitches and to correlate the presence of the virus with the different phases of the oestrous cycle, the bitches' reproductive health, epidemiological parameters and management conditions that may constitute risk factors that favour infection transmission. Between September 2021 and April 2022, vaginal samples were taken from 60 bitches of various ages and breeds attending the reproduction consultation at Anicura Atlântico Veterinary Reproduction Centre. For each animal, the phase of the estrous cycle was determined, a vaginal swab was performed and the owners filled in a questionnaire about the bitches’ health and reproductive history. The vaginal swabs were submitted to deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) extraction and real-time polymerase chain reaction (real-time PCR) to detect the presence of CHV-1 DNA. CHV-1 DNA was detected in 2 of the 60 samples (3,3%). Both were adult animals in estrus, without vaccination against CHV-1, belonging to breeding kennels and both with history of infertility. As far as the author is aware, the present study constitutes the first description of CHV-1 molecular detection in female dogs in Portugal. The fact that this virus was identified during estrus and in non-vaccinated animals against CHV-1 belonging to communities, may lead to hypothesize that these points may favour the disease transmission. Moreover, the observation that both animals positive for CHV-1 have a history of reproductive disorders should also be highlighted. Overall, the results obtained show the need for more studies that allow for a deeper understanding of the transmission of the virus and its relationship with the reproductive health of female dogs. Keywords: canine herpesvirus; infertility; PCR
Canine herpesvirus type I (CHV-1) is widely spread among dogs, with a 40-90% distribution in Europe, mainly found in breeding kennels. In adult animals, the infection ranges from asymptomatic to mild illness with genital, respiratory and ocular clinical signs. It is also considered to be a major cause of infertility, reproductive disorders and neonatal mortality. In a large part of the adult canine population, infection remains latent and can be reactivated during stressful events. However, the correlation between the shedding of the virus and the phase of the oestrous cycle is still unknown. The present study aimed to identify the presence of CHV-1 in bitches and to correlate the presence of the virus with the different phases of the oestrous cycle, the bitches' reproductive health, epidemiological parameters and management conditions that may constitute risk factors that favour infection transmission. Between September 2021 and April 2022, vaginal samples were taken from 60 bitches of various ages and breeds attending the reproduction consultation at Anicura Atlântico Veterinary Reproduction Centre. For each animal, the phase of the estrous cycle was determined, a vaginal swab was performed and the owners filled in a questionnaire about the bitches’ health and reproductive history. The vaginal swabs were submitted to deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) extraction and real-time polymerase chain reaction (real-time PCR) to detect the presence of CHV-1 DNA. CHV-1 DNA was detected in 2 of the 60 samples (3,3%). Both were adult animals in estrus, without vaccination against CHV-1, belonging to breeding kennels and both with history of infertility. As far as the author is aware, the present study constitutes the first description of CHV-1 molecular detection in female dogs in Portugal. The fact that this virus was identified during estrus and in non-vaccinated animals against CHV-1 belonging to communities, may lead to hypothesize that these points may favour the disease transmission. Moreover, the observation that both animals positive for CHV-1 have a history of reproductive disorders should also be highlighted. Overall, the results obtained show the need for more studies that allow for a deeper understanding of the transmission of the virus and its relationship with the reproductive health of female dogs. Keywords: canine herpesvirus; infertility; PCR
Descrição
Palavras-chave
VETERINARY MEDICINE, DOGS, HERPESVIRUSES, ANIMAL INFERTILITY, MESTRADO INTEGRADO EM MEDICINA VETERINÁRIA, MEDICINA VETERINÁRIA, VETERINÁRIA, CÃES, HERPESVÍRUS, PCR, INFERTILIDADE ANIMAL, Mestrado Integrado em Medicina Veterinária