Parto traumático e sintomas de depressão e ansiedade em mães no período após o parto : o papel da saúde mental prévia e trauma prévio
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2024
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A gravidez, parto e pós-parto são períodos desafiantes, existindo um maior risco para o aparecimento de problemas de saúde mental. Nem sempre o momento do parto é positivo podendo muitas vezes ser percecionado como traumático causando o aparecimento de problemas de saúde mental. Problemas de saúde mental prévios e traumas prévios revelam ser fatores de risco para o surgimento de sintomatologia depressiva e ansiosa no pós-parto. Os objetivos deste estudo foram (1) analisar a associação entre a perceção de parto traumático e a sintomatologia depressiva e ansiosa em mães no período após o parto e (2) explorar o papel moderador dos problemas de saúde mental prévios e traumas prévios nesta associação. O desenho do estudo foi transversal e faz parte de um estudo longitudinal inserido no projeto internacional INTERSECT - International Survey of Childbirth-related Trauma. A amostra deste estudo foi composta por 183 mulheres. Foram utilizados os dados recolhidos aos 2 meses pós-parto. Os resultados demostraram que o parto traumático se associou positivamente à depressão, mas não se associou à ansiedade. O trauma prévio não revelou associação nem com a depressão nem com a ansiedade. Os problemas de saúde mental prévios revelaram associação positiva com a depressão e com a ansiedade. A análise de moderação revelou que os problemas de saúde mental prévios não moderaram a associação entre o parto traumático e depressão e ansiedade. Este estudo tem implicações clínicas importantes no âmbito do parto e pós-parto. É importante existirem políticas de rastreio melhoradas e que abordem os problemas saúde mental de forma a identificar mulheres que possam estar mais em risco de desenvolver sintomas de depressão e ansiedade no pós-parto. Palavras-chave: parto traumático, saúde mental, sintomatologia depressiva, sintomatologia ansiosa, trauma prévio, pós-parto
Pregnancy, childbirth and postpartum are challenging periods, with a greater risk of developing mental health problems. The moment of birth is not always positive and can often be perceived as traumatic, causing mental health problems to appear. Previous mental health problems and previous traumas prove to be risk factors for the emergence of depressive and anxious symptoms in the postpartum period. The objectives of this study were (1) to analyze the association between the perception of traumatic birth and depressive and anxious symptoms in mothers in the postpartum period and (2) to explore the moderating role of previous mental health problems and previous trauma in this association. The study design was cross-sectional and is part of a longitudinal study included in the international project INTERSECT – International Survey of Childbirth-related Trauma. The sample of this study consisted of 183 women. Data collected 2 months postpartum were used. The results showed that traumatic birth was positively associated with depression but was not associated with anxiety. Previous trauma revealed no association with either depression or anxiety. Previous mental health problems revealed a positive association with depression and anxiety. Moderation analysis revealed that previous mental health problems did not moderate the association between traumatic birth and depression and anxiety. This study has important clinical implications in the context of childbirth and postpartum. It is important to have improved screening policies that address mental health problems to identify women who may be more at risk of developing symptoms of depression and anxiety in the postpartum period. Keywords: traumatic birth, mental health, depressive symptoms, anxious symptoms, previous trauma, postpartum
Pregnancy, childbirth and postpartum are challenging periods, with a greater risk of developing mental health problems. The moment of birth is not always positive and can often be perceived as traumatic, causing mental health problems to appear. Previous mental health problems and previous traumas prove to be risk factors for the emergence of depressive and anxious symptoms in the postpartum period. The objectives of this study were (1) to analyze the association between the perception of traumatic birth and depressive and anxious symptoms in mothers in the postpartum period and (2) to explore the moderating role of previous mental health problems and previous trauma in this association. The study design was cross-sectional and is part of a longitudinal study included in the international project INTERSECT – International Survey of Childbirth-related Trauma. The sample of this study consisted of 183 women. Data collected 2 months postpartum were used. The results showed that traumatic birth was positively associated with depression but was not associated with anxiety. Previous trauma revealed no association with either depression or anxiety. Previous mental health problems revealed a positive association with depression and anxiety. Moderation analysis revealed that previous mental health problems did not moderate the association between traumatic birth and depression and anxiety. This study has important clinical implications in the context of childbirth and postpartum. It is important to have improved screening policies that address mental health problems to identify women who may be more at risk of developing symptoms of depression and anxiety in the postpartum period. Keywords: traumatic birth, mental health, depressive symptoms, anxious symptoms, previous trauma, postpartum
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PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY, HEALTH PSYCHOLOGY, MATERNITY, DEPRESSION, MATERNAL DEPRESSION, ANXIETY, PUERPERIUM, POSTPARTUM DEPRESSION, MENTAL HEALTH, MESTRADO EM PSICOLOGIA CLÍNICA E DA SAÚDE, PSICOLOGIA, PSICOLOGIA CLÍNICA, PSICOLOGIA DA SAÚDE, MATERNIDADE, DEPRESSÃO, DEPRESSÃO MATERNA, ANSIEDADE, PUERPÉRIO, DEPRESSÃO PÓS-PARTO, SAÚDE MENTAL, Mestrado em Psicologia Clínica e da Saúde