Tumores cardíacos em cães : descrição de quatro casos clínicos
Miniatura indisponível
Data
2024
Autores
Título da revista
ISSN da revista
Título do Volume
Editora
Resumo
Os tumores cardíacos são alterações raras em cães e que ocorrem maioritariamente em animais a partir da meia-idade até à idade geriátrica, com exceção do linfoma, que também acontece em animais jovens. O tumor cardíaco mais comum é o hemangiossarcoma, que aparece em cerca de 69 % dos casos. Para além deste, outros tumores reportados menos comuns são: tumores do corpo aórtico (quemodectoma/paraganglioma), linfomas e carcinomas de tiroide ectópicos Para efetivar o diagnóstico existem vários exames e técnicas complementares que podem ser utilizadas, como sejam, a título exemplificativo, a punção aspirativa com agulha fina (PAAF), a radiologia, a tomografia computadorizada (TC), a ressonância magnética (RM), o contraste ecocardiográfico e a ecocardiografia. Este último exame é na verdade o exame de primeira escolha para diagnóstico de massas cardíacas. Contudo, a única forma de diagnóstico definitivo é através da histopatologia da massa; ou seja, todos os exames acabados de mencionar são úteis e ajudam-nos a chegar a um diagnóstico provável, mas só com a histopatologia da massa ficamos na posse de um diagnóstico definitivo. No presente trabalho, foram observados 4 casos clínicos diagnosticados com massas cardíacas, com um diagnóstico mais provável neoplásico. Cada caso apresentou uma massa na zona da base do coração, com localizações anatómicas e características diferentes. Ao longo dos casos, foram utilizados métodos de diagnóstico diferentes de forma a chegar a um diagnóstico mais provável e de forma a se decidir sobre a melhor forma de controle e de tratamento em cada um deles. Conforme o observado, a ecocardiografia foi o método de diagnóstico que mostrou ter maior importância, tanto no diagnóstico, como no controlo em todos os casos. Utilizando toda a informação recolhida, em 3 dos casos, o diagnóstico mais provável foi do tumor do corpo aórtico, e em apenas um o diagnóstico foi inconclusivo, tendo sido apenas diagnosticado com um tumor benigno. Dois dos cães foram eutanasiados durante o tempo de recolha de dados e dois continuam vivos, a fazer controlos regulares. Palavras-Chaves: tumores cardíacos, base do coração, hemangiossarcoma, tumor do corpo aórtico, ecocardiografia
Cardiac tumors are rare occurrences in dogs and primarily occur in middle-aged to geriatric animals, with the exception of lymphoma, which also occurs in young animals. The most common cardiac tumor is hemangiosarcoma, accounting for approximately 69% of cases. In addition to this, other less common reported tumors include tumors of the aortic body (chemodectoma/paraganglioma), lymphomas, and ectopic thyroid carcinomas. To carry out the diagnosis, there are various exams and complementary techniques that can be used, such as, for example, fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB), radiology, computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), echocardiographic contrast, and echocardiography. The latter exam is actually the first-choice diagnostic tool for cardiac masses. However, the only definitive diagnostic method is through the histopathology of the mass; in other words, all the aforementioned exams are useful and help us reach a probable diagnosis, but only with the histopathology of the mass do we obtain a definitive diagnosis. In this study, four clinical cases were observed, diagnosed with cardiac masses, with a more probable neoplastic diagnosis. Each case presented a mass in the base of the heart, with different anatomical locations and characteristics. Throughout the cases, different diagnostic methods were employed to arrive at a more probable diagnosis and to decide the best approach for control and treatment in each case. According to what was observed, echocardiography was the diagnostic method that proved to be of greater importance, both in diagnosis and in monitoring in all cases. Utilizing all the information gathered in three of the cases, the most likely diagnosis was a tumor of the aortic body, and in only one case, the diagnosis was inconclusive, being only identified as a benign tumor. Two of the dogs were euthanized during the data collection period, and two continue to live, undergoing regular monitoring. Keywords: Heart tumors, heart base, hemangiosarcoma, tumors of the aortic body, ecocardiography
Cardiac tumors are rare occurrences in dogs and primarily occur in middle-aged to geriatric animals, with the exception of lymphoma, which also occurs in young animals. The most common cardiac tumor is hemangiosarcoma, accounting for approximately 69% of cases. In addition to this, other less common reported tumors include tumors of the aortic body (chemodectoma/paraganglioma), lymphomas, and ectopic thyroid carcinomas. To carry out the diagnosis, there are various exams and complementary techniques that can be used, such as, for example, fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB), radiology, computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), echocardiographic contrast, and echocardiography. The latter exam is actually the first-choice diagnostic tool for cardiac masses. However, the only definitive diagnostic method is through the histopathology of the mass; in other words, all the aforementioned exams are useful and help us reach a probable diagnosis, but only with the histopathology of the mass do we obtain a definitive diagnosis. In this study, four clinical cases were observed, diagnosed with cardiac masses, with a more probable neoplastic diagnosis. Each case presented a mass in the base of the heart, with different anatomical locations and characteristics. Throughout the cases, different diagnostic methods were employed to arrive at a more probable diagnosis and to decide the best approach for control and treatment in each case. According to what was observed, echocardiography was the diagnostic method that proved to be of greater importance, both in diagnosis and in monitoring in all cases. Utilizing all the information gathered in three of the cases, the most likely diagnosis was a tumor of the aortic body, and in only one case, the diagnosis was inconclusive, being only identified as a benign tumor. Two of the dogs were euthanized during the data collection period, and two continue to live, undergoing regular monitoring. Keywords: Heart tumors, heart base, hemangiosarcoma, tumors of the aortic body, ecocardiography
Descrição
Palavras-chave
VETERINARY MEDICINE, DOGS, NEOPLASMS, HEART, ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY, MESTRADO INTEGRADO EM MEDICINA VETERINÁRIA, VETERINÁRIA, MEDICINA VETERINÁRIA, CÃES, NEOPLASIAS, CORAÇÃO, ECOCARDIOGRAFIA, Mestrado Integrado em Medicina Veterinária