Alexitimia e empatia : um estudo piloto em estudantes universitários
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2023
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A presente dissertação tem como principal objetivo explorar a relação entre a alexitimia
e a empatia numa amostra de estudantes universitários. Procurou-se, assim, compreender
se a empatia está relacionada com a alexitimia, desenvolvendo um estudo piloto numa
amostra de estudantes universitários a frequentar a licenciatura e mestrado, em diferentes
cursos e universidades de Portugal.
Método: O estudo incluiu 175 participantes, com idades compreendidas entre os 18 e
os 48 anos (M = 22.5; DP = 4.8). Foram utilizados os seguintes instrumentos: Questionário
Sociodemográfico, Escala de Alexitimia de Toronto de 20 itens (TAS-20, Bagby, Parker e
Taylor, 1994) e Índice de Reatividade Interpessoal (IRI; David, 1983). Resultados: Os
principais resultados obtidos revelaram a existência de uma influência da empatia na
alexitimia, mais especificamente que níveis superiores de empatia conduzem a níveis
inferiores de alexitimia. Verificou-se, ainda, que tanto o ciclo de estudos como o género
não influenciam os níveis de alexitimia, desta amostra. Relativamente às áreas científicas
dos estudantes, foi possível constatar que as mesmas influenciam a expressão da alexitimia
e da empatia, mais concretamente da dimensão Tomada de Perspetiva, avaliada através do
IRI. Conclusões: Este estudo piloto sugere, como esperado, que a empatia influencia a
expressão da alexitimia. Em contrapartida, verificou-se que os níveis de alexitimia não
diminuem com a evolução da escolaridade. Uma possível explicação para a diminuição da
expressão da alexitimia, ao longo da escolaridade, poderá estar relacionada com as soft
skills. Nesta lógica, será relevante introduzir unidades curriculares promotoras do
desenvolvimento das mesmas, desde o início da formação académica.
Palavras-chave: alexitimia, empatia, IRI, soft skills, TAS-20
The present dissertation had as main objective to explore the relationship between alexithymia and empathy in a sample of university students. Thus, we sought to understand whether empathy is related to alexithymia, developing a pilot study in a sample of university students attending bachelor´s and master´s degrees, in different courses and universities in Portugal. Method: The study included 175 participants, aged between 18 and 48 years (M = 22.5; SD = 4.8). The following instruments were used: Sociodemographic Questionnaire, the 20-item Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20, Bagby, Parker and Taylor, 1994) and the Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI; David, 1983). Results: The main results obtained revealed that there is an influence of empathy on alexithymia, more specifically that higher levels of empathy lead to lower levels of alexithymia. It was also found that both the study cycle and gender do not influence the levels of alexithymia in this sample. Regarding the student´s scientific areas, it was possible to verify that they influence the expression of alexithymia and empathy, more specifically the subscale taken from perspective, evaluates through the IRI. Conclusions: This pilot study suggests, as expected, that empathy influences the expression of alexithymia. On the other hand, it was found that the levels of alexithymia do not decrease with the evolution of schooling. A possible explanation for the decrease in the expression of alexithymia, throughout schooling, may be related to soft skills. In this logic, it will be relevant to introduce curricular units that promote their development, from the beginning of academic training. Keywords: alexithymia, empathy, IRI, soft skills, TAS-20
The present dissertation had as main objective to explore the relationship between alexithymia and empathy in a sample of university students. Thus, we sought to understand whether empathy is related to alexithymia, developing a pilot study in a sample of university students attending bachelor´s and master´s degrees, in different courses and universities in Portugal. Method: The study included 175 participants, aged between 18 and 48 years (M = 22.5; SD = 4.8). The following instruments were used: Sociodemographic Questionnaire, the 20-item Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20, Bagby, Parker and Taylor, 1994) and the Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI; David, 1983). Results: The main results obtained revealed that there is an influence of empathy on alexithymia, more specifically that higher levels of empathy lead to lower levels of alexithymia. It was also found that both the study cycle and gender do not influence the levels of alexithymia in this sample. Regarding the student´s scientific areas, it was possible to verify that they influence the expression of alexithymia and empathy, more specifically the subscale taken from perspective, evaluates through the IRI. Conclusions: This pilot study suggests, as expected, that empathy influences the expression of alexithymia. On the other hand, it was found that the levels of alexithymia do not decrease with the evolution of schooling. A possible explanation for the decrease in the expression of alexithymia, throughout schooling, may be related to soft skills. In this logic, it will be relevant to introduce curricular units that promote their development, from the beginning of academic training. Keywords: alexithymia, empathy, IRI, soft skills, TAS-20
Descrição
Orientação: Maria Teresa Soares Souto
Palavras-chave
MESTRADO EM PSICOLOGIA CLÍNICA E DA SAÚDE, PSICOLOGIA, PSYCHOLOGY, PSICOLOGIA CLÍNICA, CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY, ALEXITIMIA, ALEXITHYMIA, EMPATIA, EMPATHY, TAS-20, ESTUDANTES UNIVERSITÁRIOS, COLLEGE STUDENTS