Experiências adversas na infância e violência na relação de intimidade : o papel moderador e mediador da vinculação
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2015
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O presente estudo teve como principais objetivos: (1) explorar e compreender a associação entre as experiências adversas precoces e a violência na relação de intimidade (VRI); (2) explorar a associação entre vinculação e VRI; (3) explorar o efeito mediador da qualidade de vinculação aos pais e ao par romântico na associação acima referida; (4) e compreender em que medida a qualidade securizante da vinculação se pode constituir como um fator protetor perante as experiências adversas precoces. Participaram 321 jovens adultos (M = 21,70; DP = 2,46), sendo 208 (64,8%) do sexo feminino. O protocolo incluiu: o Inventário de Conflitos nas Relações de Namoro entre Adolescentes (adaptação Saavedra et al., 2008), o Adverse Childhood Experiences (adaptação Pinto & Maia, 2013), o Perceptions of Adult Attachment Questionnaire (adaptação Cabral & Peres, 2013), o Questionário de Vinculação Amorosa (Barbosa, Matos & Costa, 2001) e o Questionário de Vinculação ao Pai e à Mãe (Matos & Costa, 2001). Os resultados sugerem que as experiências adversas na infância se refletem na insegurança na vinculação à mãe e ao par romântico e que esta, por sua vez, prediz a perpretação de violência na relação de intimidade. Mais ainda, a vinculação à mãe e ao par romântico medeia a associação entre as experiências adversas e a VRI. Não se confirma o efeito moderador da vinculação na associação entre experiências adversas e VRI. Além do investimento na sensibilização acerca dos fenómenos da experiência adversa na infância e da violência nas relações de intimidade, importa ainda que a intervenção com sujeitos que experienciaram situações adversas na infância se foque na reorganização das representações de vinculação, contribuindo assim para a promoção de relacionamentos íntimos adaptativos.
The present study had four main goals: (1) to explore and understand the association between early adverse experiences and intimate partner violence (VRI); (2) to explore the association between attachment and VRI; (3) to explore the mediating effect of attachment to parents and romantic partner in this association; (4) and to explore if attachment security may have act as a protective factor in face of early adverse experiences. Participants are 321 young adults (M = 21.70, SD = 2.46), 208 (64.8%) female. The following instruments were administered: Conflict in Adolescent Dating Relationships Inventory (adaptation Saavedra et al., 2008), Adverse Childhood Experiences (Pinto & Maia adaptation, 2013) Perceptions of Adult Attachment Questionnaire (Cabral & Peres adaptation, 2013), Romantic Attachment Questionnaire (Barbosa, Matos & Costa, 2001) and Father and Mother Attachment Questionnaire (Matos & Costa, 2001). Results suggest that adverse childhood experiences reflects in attachment insecurity to mother and romantic partner which, in turn, predicts the perpetration of intimate partner violence. Moreover, attachment to mother and romantic partner mediates the association between the adverse experiences and VRI. The moderating effect of attachment on the association between adverse experiences and VRI was not confirmed. Promotion of awareness towards the phenomena of adverse childhood experiences and intimate partner violence is crucial, but not suficient. It is essential that intervention with individuals who have experienced adversity in childhood, focus on the reorganization of attachment representations, thus contributing to the promotion of adaptive intimate relationships.
The present study had four main goals: (1) to explore and understand the association between early adverse experiences and intimate partner violence (VRI); (2) to explore the association between attachment and VRI; (3) to explore the mediating effect of attachment to parents and romantic partner in this association; (4) and to explore if attachment security may have act as a protective factor in face of early adverse experiences. Participants are 321 young adults (M = 21.70, SD = 2.46), 208 (64.8%) female. The following instruments were administered: Conflict in Adolescent Dating Relationships Inventory (adaptation Saavedra et al., 2008), Adverse Childhood Experiences (Pinto & Maia adaptation, 2013) Perceptions of Adult Attachment Questionnaire (Cabral & Peres adaptation, 2013), Romantic Attachment Questionnaire (Barbosa, Matos & Costa, 2001) and Father and Mother Attachment Questionnaire (Matos & Costa, 2001). Results suggest that adverse childhood experiences reflects in attachment insecurity to mother and romantic partner which, in turn, predicts the perpetration of intimate partner violence. Moreover, attachment to mother and romantic partner mediates the association between the adverse experiences and VRI. The moderating effect of attachment on the association between adverse experiences and VRI was not confirmed. Promotion of awareness towards the phenomena of adverse childhood experiences and intimate partner violence is crucial, but not suficient. It is essential that intervention with individuals who have experienced adversity in childhood, focus on the reorganization of attachment representations, thus contributing to the promotion of adaptive intimate relationships.
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Orientação: Joana Cabral
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MESTRADO EM PSICOLOGIA CLÍNICA E DA SAÚDE, PSICOLOGIA, PSYCHOLOGY, ATTACHMENT, VINCULAÇÃO, VIOLÊNCIA CONJUGAL, CONJUGAL VIOLENCE, INTIMIDADE, INTIMACY, VIOLÊNCIA NAS RELAÇÕES DE INTIMIDADE, INTIMATE PARTNER VIOLENCE