Projeto eco : análise da influência da atividade física na ansiedade e depressão em indivíduos com obesidade severa
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Data
2012
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A obesidade é, hoje em dia, considerada um transtorno multifatorial, ou seja, resultante de diversos fatores: bio-psico-sociais. Sendo que os fatores psiquiátricos tais como a ansiedade e a depressão, têm vindo a ter cada vez mais importância, existindo fortes evidências em como a obesidade não é só um transtorno orgânico. Deste modo, torna-se fundamental perceber qual o efeito que a Atividade Física (AF) e o exercício podem ter em transtornos tais com a depressão e a ansiedade, em indivíduos com obesidade severa. Com a realização deste estágio pretendeu-se desenvolver diferentes estratégias de intervenção com este tipo de população, no que diz respeito à prescrição e planeamento de sessões teórico-práticas, consultas de prescrição de exercício e também averiguar qual a influência que a Atividade Física pode ter nos sintomas de Ansiedade e Depressão, em indivíduos com obesidade severa.
Foi realizada uma revisão sistemática da literatura na qual se investigou o efeito que o exercício e a AF podem ter na saúde mental, mais concretamente nos sintomas de ansiedade e depressão neste tipo de população. Dos estudos analisados foi possível concluir que indivíduos que são sujeitos a um programa multidisciplinar que inclui atividade física apresentam melhorias quer no que diz respeito à qualidade de vida (2 estudos) como no que diz respeito à saúde mental (4 estudos). Apesar das diferenças metodológicas entre os estudos, concluiu-se que, de uma forma geral, os programas que incluem atividade física, mais especificamente 2 a 3 horas por semana de exercício aeróbio de intensidade moderada a vigorosa, levam a melhorias consideráveis na saúde mental, nos níveis de depressão e de ansiedade.
Relativamente às sessões teórico-práticas realizadas, os resultados obtidos com a intervenção realizada não foram significativos tanto no que diz respeito aos sintomas de ansiedade tanto como os de depressão. No que diz respeito às consultas realizadas no Hospital de Santa Maria, foi possível concluir que os utentes avaliados apresentavam na sua maioria comportamentos sedentários. No entanto, apenas um utente foi avaliado pela segunda vez tendo sido reportadas algumas melhorias no que diz respeito à capacidade cardiovascular do primeiro para o segundo momento de avaliação.
Obesity is today considered a multifactorial problem that means that it is a result of several factors: bio-psycho and social factors. Psychiatric factors, such as anxiety and depression, have had a great importance, and there is strong evidence that obesity is not only an organic problem. So, it is important to understand which is the effect that Physical Activity (PA) and exercise, can have in severe obese individuals who suffer from anxiety and depression. Through this traineeship we were supposed to develop different intervention strategies with this type of population, in what concerns the prescription and planning of theoretical and practical exercise prescription sessions and also to check out what is the influence of PA and its importance in what concerns anxiety and depression symptoms referring to individuals with severe obesity. A systematic review of the literature was made, having always in mind the effect that exercise and PA may have in mental health, more precisely in the symptoms of anxiety and depression in this kind of population. Through the studies we were about to analyze it was possible to conclude that the individuals who are subjected to a multidisciplinary program which includes PA show important improvements not only in their life quality (two studies) but also in their mental health (four studies). Although there are methodological differences in these studies, I’ve concluded that, the programs which include PA, more specifically two or three hours a week of moderate aerobic exercise, show considerable improvements in mental health and in the levels of depression and anxiety. Concerning the theoretical and practical sessions, the results were not evident in what concerns the symptoms of anxiety and depression. In relation to the exercise prescription consultations results, we may conclude that the patients evaluated showed in their majority, sedentary behaviors. Nevertheless, only one patient was evaluated twice, having been reported some positive improvements concerning its cardiovascular capacity from the first to the second evaluation moment.
Obesity is today considered a multifactorial problem that means that it is a result of several factors: bio-psycho and social factors. Psychiatric factors, such as anxiety and depression, have had a great importance, and there is strong evidence that obesity is not only an organic problem. So, it is important to understand which is the effect that Physical Activity (PA) and exercise, can have in severe obese individuals who suffer from anxiety and depression. Through this traineeship we were supposed to develop different intervention strategies with this type of population, in what concerns the prescription and planning of theoretical and practical exercise prescription sessions and also to check out what is the influence of PA and its importance in what concerns anxiety and depression symptoms referring to individuals with severe obesity. A systematic review of the literature was made, having always in mind the effect that exercise and PA may have in mental health, more precisely in the symptoms of anxiety and depression in this kind of population. Through the studies we were about to analyze it was possible to conclude that the individuals who are subjected to a multidisciplinary program which includes PA show important improvements not only in their life quality (two studies) but also in their mental health (four studies). Although there are methodological differences in these studies, I’ve concluded that, the programs which include PA, more specifically two or three hours a week of moderate aerobic exercise, show considerable improvements in mental health and in the levels of depression and anxiety. Concerning the theoretical and practical sessions, the results were not evident in what concerns the symptoms of anxiety and depression. In relation to the exercise prescription consultations results, we may conclude that the patients evaluated showed in their majority, sedentary behaviors. Nevertheless, only one patient was evaluated twice, having been reported some positive improvements concerning its cardiovascular capacity from the first to the second evaluation moment.
Descrição
Orientação : Sandra Martins
Palavras-chave
DESPORTO, OBESIDADE, EXERCÍCIO FÍSICO, SPORT, OBESITY, PHYSICAL EXERCISE, MESTRADO EM EXERCÍCIO E BEM-ESTAR