Diabetes mellitus felina : revisão de literatura e descrição de 3 casos clínicos
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2023
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A presente dissertação, realizou-se no âmbito da conclusão do Mestrado Integrado em Medicina Veterinária da Universidade Lusofona e teve como objetivo o desenvolvimento do tema Diabetes Mellitus Felina. Inclui uma revisão bibliográfica sobre o tema e apresentação e discussão de 3 casos clínicos que foram acompanhados durante o estágio curricular realizado no Centro Veterinário de Sintra. A Diabetes mellitus é uma das doenças endócrinas mais comuns em gatos. Na maioria dos casos ocorre devido à insulinorresistência e disfunção das células β, semelhante à diabetes mellitus tipo 2 em humanos. O diagnóstico é realizado pela mensuração da frutosamina, pela presença de hiperglicemia e glicosúria, juntamente com sinais clínicos compatíveis com a doença. É importante excluir outras possíveis causas que possam levar à hiperglicemia. O tratamento nos três casos apresentados foi baseado na administração de insulina protamina-zinco (ProZinc®) juntamente com a modificação da dieta. O principal desafio nos casos apresentados, foi a cooperação dos proprietários em seguir o plano de tratamento recomendado. Para que haja um maneio bem-sucedido é importante que a presença de sinais clínicos seja mínima ou inexistente e que haja uma resposta favorável ao tratamento. Palavra-passe: diabetes mellitus, gato, insulinoterapia, remissão
The present dissertation was carried in order to complete an Integrated master’s degree in Veterinary Medicine at the Lusófona University and aimed to develop the theme Feline Diabetes Mellitus. It includes a bibliographic review on the subject and presentation and discussion of 3 clinical cases that were observed by the author during the internship period at the Veterinary Center of Sintra. Diabetes mellitus is one of the most common endocrine diseases in cats. In most cases it occurs due to insulin resistance and β-cell dysfunction, similar to type 2 diabetes mellitus in humans. The diagnosis is made by measuring fructosamine, by the presence of hyperglycemia and glycosuria, along with clinical signs compatible with the disease. It is important to exclude other possible causes that could lead to hyperglycemia. The treatment in the three cases presented was based on the administration of protamine zinc insulin (ProZinc®) along with diet modification. The main challenge in the presented cases was the owners' cooperation in following the recommended treatment plan. For a successful management, it is important that the presence of clinical signs is minimal or non-existent and that there is a favorable response to treatment. Keywords: diabetes mellitus, cat, insulin therapy, remission
The present dissertation was carried in order to complete an Integrated master’s degree in Veterinary Medicine at the Lusófona University and aimed to develop the theme Feline Diabetes Mellitus. It includes a bibliographic review on the subject and presentation and discussion of 3 clinical cases that were observed by the author during the internship period at the Veterinary Center of Sintra. Diabetes mellitus is one of the most common endocrine diseases in cats. In most cases it occurs due to insulin resistance and β-cell dysfunction, similar to type 2 diabetes mellitus in humans. The diagnosis is made by measuring fructosamine, by the presence of hyperglycemia and glycosuria, along with clinical signs compatible with the disease. It is important to exclude other possible causes that could lead to hyperglycemia. The treatment in the three cases presented was based on the administration of protamine zinc insulin (ProZinc®) along with diet modification. The main challenge in the presented cases was the owners' cooperation in following the recommended treatment plan. For a successful management, it is important that the presence of clinical signs is minimal or non-existent and that there is a favorable response to treatment. Keywords: diabetes mellitus, cat, insulin therapy, remission
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VETERINARY MEDICINE, CATS, DIABETES, INSULIN, MESTRADO INTEGRADO EM MEDICINA VETERINÁRIA, VETERINÁRIA, MEDICINA VETERINÁRIA, GATOS, DIABETES, INSULINA, Mestrado Integrado em Medicina Veterinária