A vivência da situação pandémica Covid- 19 dos estudantes universitários : desafios e estratégias de coping
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2022
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Enquadramento: COVID-19 é o nome, atribuído pela Organização Mundial da Saúde, à
doença provocada pelo novo coronavírus SARS-COV-2, que resulta das palavras
“Corona”, “Vírus” e “Doença” com indicação do ano em que surgiu (2019). O surto do
novo Coronavírus (COVID-19) em dezembro de 2019, progrediu para o status de uma
pandemia global velozmente, com países nos sete continentes afetados. Estudos têm
sugerido que as emergências de saúde pública podem ter muitos efeitos psicológicos em
estudantes universitários, que podem ser expressos como ansiedade, medo e preocupação,
entre outros. Recomenda-se que a saúde mental dos universitários seja monitorizada
durante os próximos surtos pandémicos que poderão existir, visto que os estudantes
universitários constituem uma população considerada particularmente vulnerável a
problemas de saúde mental.
Objetivo: O presente estudo procura compreender a vivência da pandemia pelos
estudantes universitários, perceber as consequências que sentiram no seu dia-a-dia e como
geriram os seus efeitos. De uma forma global, pretende-se obter a experiência vivida do
fenómeno pandémico pelos estudantes e como a significaram.
Método: O presente estudo integra 10 estudantes universitários, 5 do sexo feminino e 5
do sexo masculino, selecionados de acordo com o seguinte critério de inclusão: frequentar
o ensino superior no ano em que se iniciou a pandemia COVID-19. Recorreu-se a análise
fenomenológica interpretativa (AFI), utilizando um processo de amostragem intencional,
procurando-se integrar participantes considerados “experts” no fenómeno (peritos
experienciais), pelo que para melhor compreender a experiência dos estudantes
universitários recorreu-se aos próprios estudantes. Os participantes deste estudo foram
recrutados por meio de contactos informais, e o seu acesso foi obtido utilizando a estratégia snowball sampling. Resultados: A maior parte do discurso dos participantes está direcionado para o
impacto negativo da pandemia COVID-19, destacando-se a área da vida académica e das
relações familiares. Paradoxalmente o foco nos aspetos positivos por parte dos
participantes, é também na vida académica e nas relações familiares. O presente estudo aferiu que não foram encontradas diferenças ao nível das vivências dos estudantes
universitários da pandemia COVID-19, no ensino público e no ensino privado, mas existe
uma diferença significativa entre os sexos masculino e feminino ao nível dos sentimentos
de depressão, mostrando-se as mulheres as mais afetadas. Foram encontradas diferenças
entre os estudantes do primeiro ciclo e os estudantes do segundo ciclo. Os estudantes do
segundo ciclo globalmente foram mais impactados pela pandemia COVID 19, revelando
diferenças significativas comparativamente aos estudantes do primeiro ciclo nos temas
relações familiares e interpessoais e impacto psicológico.
Discussão: Os resultados do presente estudo vão ao encontro dos resultados
internacionais, apontando o impacto negativo da pandemia COVID-19 na vida dos jovens
universitários. Discute-se a necessidade de adotar medidas preventivas e remediativas que
possam minimizar a experiência e impacto negativo da pandemia.
Background: COVID-19 is the name, assigned by the World Health Organization, to the disease caused by the new coronavirus SARS-COV-2, which results from the words "Corona," "Virus," and "Disease" with an indication of the year in which it emerged (2019). The December 2019 outbreak of the new Coronavirus (COVID-19) has progressed to the status of a global pandemic rapidly, with countries on all seven continents affected. Studies have suggested that public health emergencies can have many psychological effects on college students, which can be expressed as anxiety, fear, and worry, among others. It is recommended that the mental health of college students be monitored during upcoming pandemic outbreaks that may exist, as college students are a population that is considered particularly vulnerable to mental health problems. Objective: This study aims to understand how college students experienced the pandemic, what consequences they felt in their daily lives and how they managed its effects. In a global way, it intends to obtain the lived experience of the pandemic phenomenon by the students and how they meant it. Method: This study included 10 university students, 5 female and 5 male, selected according to the following inclusion criterion: attending higher education in the year the COVID-19 pandemic began. Interpretative phenomenological analysis (IFA) was used, using a purposive sampling process, seeking to include participants considered as "experts" in the phenomenon (experiential experts), so to better understand the experience of college students, we used the students themselves. The participants of this study were recruited through informal contacts, and their access was obtained using the snowball sampling strategy. Results: Most of the participants' discourse is directed towards the negative impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, highlighting the area of academic life and family relationships. Paradoxically, the focus on positive aspects by the participants is also on academic life and family relationships. The present study found no differences between the experiences of university students of the COVID-19 pandemic in public and private education, but there is a significant difference between men and women in terms of feelings of depression, with women being the most affected. Differences were found between first cycle students and second cycle students. Second cycle students overall were more impacted by the COVID 19 pandemic, showing significant differences compared to first cycle students in family and interpersonal relationships and psychological impact. Discussion: The results of the present study are in line with international results, pointing out the negative impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the lives of young university students. The need to adopt preventive and remedial measures that can minimize the negative experience and impact of the pandemic is discussed.
Background: COVID-19 is the name, assigned by the World Health Organization, to the disease caused by the new coronavirus SARS-COV-2, which results from the words "Corona," "Virus," and "Disease" with an indication of the year in which it emerged (2019). The December 2019 outbreak of the new Coronavirus (COVID-19) has progressed to the status of a global pandemic rapidly, with countries on all seven continents affected. Studies have suggested that public health emergencies can have many psychological effects on college students, which can be expressed as anxiety, fear, and worry, among others. It is recommended that the mental health of college students be monitored during upcoming pandemic outbreaks that may exist, as college students are a population that is considered particularly vulnerable to mental health problems. Objective: This study aims to understand how college students experienced the pandemic, what consequences they felt in their daily lives and how they managed its effects. In a global way, it intends to obtain the lived experience of the pandemic phenomenon by the students and how they meant it. Method: This study included 10 university students, 5 female and 5 male, selected according to the following inclusion criterion: attending higher education in the year the COVID-19 pandemic began. Interpretative phenomenological analysis (IFA) was used, using a purposive sampling process, seeking to include participants considered as "experts" in the phenomenon (experiential experts), so to better understand the experience of college students, we used the students themselves. The participants of this study were recruited through informal contacts, and their access was obtained using the snowball sampling strategy. Results: Most of the participants' discourse is directed towards the negative impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, highlighting the area of academic life and family relationships. Paradoxically, the focus on positive aspects by the participants is also on academic life and family relationships. The present study found no differences between the experiences of university students of the COVID-19 pandemic in public and private education, but there is a significant difference between men and women in terms of feelings of depression, with women being the most affected. Differences were found between first cycle students and second cycle students. Second cycle students overall were more impacted by the COVID 19 pandemic, showing significant differences compared to first cycle students in family and interpersonal relationships and psychological impact. Discussion: The results of the present study are in line with international results, pointing out the negative impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the lives of young university students. The need to adopt preventive and remedial measures that can minimize the negative experience and impact of the pandemic is discussed.
Descrição
Orientação: Ana Rita Conde Dias
Palavras-chave
MESTRADO EM PSICOLOGIA DA JUSTIÇA, PSICOLOGIA, COVID-19, ESTUDANTES UNIVERSITÁRIOS, PERCEÇÃO, PSYCHOLOGY, COLLEGE STUDENTS, PERCEPTION, COVID-19