Mastocitoma cutâneo canino: inflamação cutânea crónica vs desenvolvimento de mastocitomas
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Data
2017
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Resumo
Os mastocitomas são umas das neoplasias cutâneas mais comuns nos cães,
representando entre 16 e 21% dos tumores cutâneos caninos. Neste estudo foram avaliados 40
casos de cães diagnosticados com mastocitoma cutâneo, por histopatologia pós excisão
cirúrgica.
Os objetivo específicos deste estudo foram a descrição estatística de variáveis
epidemiológicas, clínicas e histopatológicas, estudar a possível associação entre inflamação
cutânea crónica com características intrínsecas ao cão e à doença e finalmente a avaliação da
relação entre o grau histológico do mastocitoma e a sobrevida. Os casos foram recolhidos do
Hospital Veterinário Central da Linha de Cascais (VetOeiras) e do Centro Veterinário Berna e
datam de um período entre Março de 2011 e Maio de 2015. Foram incluídos 40 relatórios
histopatológicos e as respetivas fichas clínicas dos cães diagnosticados com mastocitoma
cutâneo e foram analisados estatisticamente as variáveis, estando os resultados apresentados
com base no nível de significância de 5%.
Quanto à localização esta ocorreu sobretudo nas extremidades e na região torácica. O
grau histológico mais predominante foi o grau II (52,7%), seguido do grau III (25%) e por fim
o grau I (17,5%). De destacar também foram as taxas de metastização ganglionar que se ficou
pelos 16,7%, justificado em parte também por uma taxa relativamente elevada de casos onde
esta não foi estudada (25%). Relativamente a avaliar a possível relação entre a inflamação
cutânea crónica e o desenvolvimento dos mastocitomas e a avaliação da relação entre o grau
histológico do tumor e a sobrevida devido ao baixo número de casos e reduzida descrição da
sintomatologia cutânea nas fichas clínicas poucos resultados com relevância estatística foram
alcançados. No entanto verificou-se que: 1) Mais de metade dos cães com mastocitoma
tinham história clínica inflamação cutânea; 2) Pacientes com história prévia e inflamação
cutânea crónica pareciam estar associados ao desenvolvimento de mastocitomas de grau
histológico mais baixo; e 3) Animais com mastocitoma cutâneo e que tinham história prévia
de inflamação cutânea crónica pareciam conseguir atingir uma sobrevida mais longa.
Concluindo, serão necessários estudos adicionais dado que a presente série
retrospetiva era pequena. As tendências observadas poderão ser ainda valorizadas como um
estudo piloto com resultados preliminares que nos indicam que os mastocitomas possam estar
associados em muitos casos a história de distúrbios dermatológicos crónicos e que aqueles
que surgem nesta conjuntura parecem ser melhor diferenciados (menor grau histológico),
consequentemente com melhor prognóstico que aqueles que surgem num contexto não
relacionado.
Mast cell tumours are one of the most common type of skin tumours in dogs, representing 16 to 21% of all skin tumours. In this study forty cases of dogs diagnosed with cutaneous mast cell tumour were selected, after surgical extirpation and following histophatological analysis. All the 40 cases were collected in Hospital Veterinário Central da Linha de Cascais (VetOeiras) and Centro Veterinário Berna between March 2011 and May 2015. The objectives of this study were the descriptive analysis of epidemiologic, clinical and histological variables, try to study the possible relation between chronic skin inflammation and intrinsic variables of the dog and the disease, and finally the evaluation between the histological grade and the surviving. After the examination of the forty histopathological report and respective clinical records of the dogs diagnosed with cutaneous mast cell tumour, all the data was sent to statistic analysis, with all the results displayed with 5% confidence level. The tumours were located mostly in the limbs and in the thorax region. The predominant histological grade was grade II (52,7%), followed by grade III (25%) and last grade I (17,5%). The most atypical found was the lymph node metastasis with only 5 confirmed cases (16,7%), justified by the high percentage of non studied cases (25%). In the other two objectives of this study (relation between chronic skin inflammation and intrinsic variables of the dog and the disease, and the evaluation between the histological grade and the surviving). Due to the low number of cases and the lack of details on the clinical records (especially in terms of cutaneous affections) it was impossible to take conclusions with statistic relevance. However there were some interesting findings: 1) More than half of the dogs with mast cell cutaneous tumour had an history of chronic skin inflammation; 2) Dogs with history of chronic skin inflammation may be associated with lower histological grade mast cell tumours; 3) Animals with cutaneous mast cell tumour and who had a history of chronic skin inflammation seem to be able to achieve a longer survival. In conclusion, further studies will be needed given that this retrospective series was too small. The observed trends may be seen as a pilot study with the preliminary results indicating that mast cell tumours might associated, in many cases, with history of chronic skin disorders and those that arise in this fortuity appear to have a lower histological grade, consequently with a better prognosis than those that arise in an unrelated context.
Mast cell tumours are one of the most common type of skin tumours in dogs, representing 16 to 21% of all skin tumours. In this study forty cases of dogs diagnosed with cutaneous mast cell tumour were selected, after surgical extirpation and following histophatological analysis. All the 40 cases were collected in Hospital Veterinário Central da Linha de Cascais (VetOeiras) and Centro Veterinário Berna between March 2011 and May 2015. The objectives of this study were the descriptive analysis of epidemiologic, clinical and histological variables, try to study the possible relation between chronic skin inflammation and intrinsic variables of the dog and the disease, and finally the evaluation between the histological grade and the surviving. After the examination of the forty histopathological report and respective clinical records of the dogs diagnosed with cutaneous mast cell tumour, all the data was sent to statistic analysis, with all the results displayed with 5% confidence level. The tumours were located mostly in the limbs and in the thorax region. The predominant histological grade was grade II (52,7%), followed by grade III (25%) and last grade I (17,5%). The most atypical found was the lymph node metastasis with only 5 confirmed cases (16,7%), justified by the high percentage of non studied cases (25%). In the other two objectives of this study (relation between chronic skin inflammation and intrinsic variables of the dog and the disease, and the evaluation between the histological grade and the surviving). Due to the low number of cases and the lack of details on the clinical records (especially in terms of cutaneous affections) it was impossible to take conclusions with statistic relevance. However there were some interesting findings: 1) More than half of the dogs with mast cell cutaneous tumour had an history of chronic skin inflammation; 2) Dogs with history of chronic skin inflammation may be associated with lower histological grade mast cell tumours; 3) Animals with cutaneous mast cell tumour and who had a history of chronic skin inflammation seem to be able to achieve a longer survival. In conclusion, further studies will be needed given that this retrospective series was too small. The observed trends may be seen as a pilot study with the preliminary results indicating that mast cell tumours might associated, in many cases, with history of chronic skin disorders and those that arise in this fortuity appear to have a lower histological grade, consequently with a better prognosis than those that arise in an unrelated context.
Descrição
Orientação : Joana T. de Oliveira ; co-orientação : Luís C. Chambel
Palavras-chave
MESTRADO INTEGRADO EM MEDICINA VETERINÁRIA, VETERINÁRIA, MEDICINA VETERINÁRIA, VETERINARY MEDICINE, CÃES, DOGS, CANÍDEOS, CANIDS, MASTOCITOMAS, MAST CELL TUMOR, INFLAMAÇÕES, INFLAMMATION, ONCOLOGIA VETERINÁRIA, VETERINARY ONCOLOGY, NEOPLASIAS, NEOPLASMS