Anaplasma phagocytophilum: repercussão da infeccão da fauna silvestre em cães e gatos de uma zona endémica
Miniatura indisponível
Data
2019
Autores
Título da revista
ISSN da revista
Título do Volume
Editora
Resumo
Os agentes transmitidos por ixodídeos são a causa de doenças emergentes em animais de companhia, em alguns casos com carácter zoonótico, representando um desafio para o médico veterinário, pela grande variedade de sinais clínicos que poderão originar. A população silvestre ao abrigar uma elevada densidade de ixodídeos pode estar envolvida no ciclo de transmissão de alguns agentes patogénicos. Este facto é, particularmente, importante quando se assiste ao aumento descontrolado das populações silvestres, como se verifica, actualmente, com os javalis em Portugal. Os javalis estão descritos como hospedeiros de uma ampla variedade de espécies ixodológicas, contribuindo para a dispersão dos agentes zoonóticos que lhe estão associados, nomeadamente Ehrlichia canis, Anaplasma platys, mas também a espécie zoonótica Anaplasma phagocytophilum. O presente estudo, procurou detectar evidência de infecção activa por estes agentes bacterianos, nomeadamente A. phagocytophilum, cuja transmissão poderá estar potenciada com o aumento da população de javalis no Parque Natural da Serra da Arrábida (PNSA). Assim foram considerados 21 javalis de três populações distintas, 36 animais de companhia (35 cães e um gato), com sinais clínicos, laboratoriais e/ou epidemiológicos compatíveis com doença associada a ixodídeos, atendidos no Hospital Veterinário da Arrábida, e 80 ixodídeos capturados na vegetação (N=61) ou a parasitar os animais (N=19). A extracção de ADN foi realizada em 155 amostras biológicas incluindo, 33 amostras sanguíneas de animais de companhia, 42 amostras de baço e fígado de javali e os 80 ixodídeos. Para a pesquisa de ADN bacteriano foi realizada uma PCR convencional genérica para Anaplasma/Ehrlichia spp. e PCR em tempo real específica para A. phagocytophilum. Em nenhuma das amostras foi possível identificar reacções positivas. É, contudo, de salientar que a limitação temporal e geográfica da amostragem, bem como, em alguns casos, a qualidade do ADN obtido, podem ter condicionado os resultados obtidos, não se podendo excluir a circulação do agente e, consequentemente, o risco de doença causada pelo mesmo. Esta dissertação permitiu abrir caminho para a realização de mais estudos de forma a conhecer melhor esta doença, bem como, os seus vectores/reservatórios, alertando para o seu papel na doença veterinária e humana.
Tick-borne agents transmitted by Ixodidae family members are the cause of emerging diseases in companion animals, in some cases with zoonotic potential, posing a challenge for the veterinarian due to the great variety of clinical signs that may arise from these pathologies. The wildlife by harboring a high density of ixodids may be involved in the transmission cycle of some pathogens. This is particularly important when wild animal populations are uncontrolled increasing as is currently the case of wild boars in Portugal. These animals are described as hosts of a wide variety of ixodid species contributing to the dispersion of associated zoonotic agents, namely Ehrlichia canis, Anaplasma platys, but also the zoonotic species, Anaplasma phagocytophilum. The present study sought to detect evidence of active infection caused by these bacterial agents, namely A. phagocytophilum, whose transmission may be enhanced by the increase of wild boar population in the Serra da Arrábida Natural Park (PNSA). Twenty-one wild boars from three different population, 36 companion animals (35 dogs and one cat), with clinical, laboratorial and / or epidemiological signs compatible with ixodidal disease attended at Arrábida Veterinary Hospital and 80 ixodids captured in the vegetation (N = 61) or parasitizing the animals (N = 19) were included in this study. DNA extraction was performed on 155 biological samples including, 33 pet blood samples, 42 boar spleen and liver samples, and the 80 ixodids. A generic PCR for Anaplasma / Ehrlichia spp. and real-time PCR specific for A. phagocytophilum were performed although in none of the samples positive reactions were identify. It should be noted, however, that the temporal and geographical limitation of sampling, as well as in some cases the quality of the DNA obtained, may have conditioned the results obtained and thus the circulation of the agent cannot be excluded and, consequently, the risk of the associated disease. This dissertation was an introduction for further studies to better understand this agent, as well as its vectors / reservoirs, alerting to its role in veterinary and human diseases.
Tick-borne agents transmitted by Ixodidae family members are the cause of emerging diseases in companion animals, in some cases with zoonotic potential, posing a challenge for the veterinarian due to the great variety of clinical signs that may arise from these pathologies. The wildlife by harboring a high density of ixodids may be involved in the transmission cycle of some pathogens. This is particularly important when wild animal populations are uncontrolled increasing as is currently the case of wild boars in Portugal. These animals are described as hosts of a wide variety of ixodid species contributing to the dispersion of associated zoonotic agents, namely Ehrlichia canis, Anaplasma platys, but also the zoonotic species, Anaplasma phagocytophilum. The present study sought to detect evidence of active infection caused by these bacterial agents, namely A. phagocytophilum, whose transmission may be enhanced by the increase of wild boar population in the Serra da Arrábida Natural Park (PNSA). Twenty-one wild boars from three different population, 36 companion animals (35 dogs and one cat), with clinical, laboratorial and / or epidemiological signs compatible with ixodidal disease attended at Arrábida Veterinary Hospital and 80 ixodids captured in the vegetation (N = 61) or parasitizing the animals (N = 19) were included in this study. DNA extraction was performed on 155 biological samples including, 33 pet blood samples, 42 boar spleen and liver samples, and the 80 ixodids. A generic PCR for Anaplasma / Ehrlichia spp. and real-time PCR specific for A. phagocytophilum were performed although in none of the samples positive reactions were identify. It should be noted, however, that the temporal and geographical limitation of sampling, as well as in some cases the quality of the DNA obtained, may have conditioned the results obtained and thus the circulation of the agent cannot be excluded and, consequently, the risk of the associated disease. This dissertation was an introduction for further studies to better understand this agent, as well as its vectors / reservoirs, alerting to its role in veterinary and human diseases.
Descrição
Orientação interna: Margarida Alves ; orientação externa: Ana Sofia Santos, Ângela Martins
Palavras-chave
MESTRADO INTEGRADO EM MEDICINA VETERINÁRIA, VETERINÁRIA, MEDICINA VETERINÁRIA, CANÍDEOS, CÃES, GATOS, FELÍDEOS, ANIMAIS DE COMPANHIA, IXODÍDEOS, ANIMAIS DE CAÇA, VETERINARY MEDICINE, CANIDS, DOGS, FELIDS, CATS, COMPANION ANIMALS, IXODIDAE, GAME ANIMALS