Relação entre os sintomas psicológicos, a prática de atividade física e bem-estar dos adolescentes com doença crónica
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2024
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A adolescência é conhecida como uma fase de desenvolvimento marcada por alterações biológicas, físicas e psicológicas. Estas alterações acarretam desafios que criam uma necessidade de avaliar cada uma destas mudanças desenvolvimentais, de forma a aumentar a capacidade de resposta dos adolescentes. O foco do estudo passou por compreender e caracterizar a relação entre a atividade física, os sintomas psicológicos e o bem-estar dos adolescentes com doença crónica, percebendo de que forma esta relação pode variar consoante o género, os contextos escolar, familiar e social. O atual estudo realizou a sua recolha de dados através do estudo mais abrangente HBSC (Health Behaviour in School-aged Children), do qual foram extraídos apenas os participantes que indicaram ser portadores de doença crónica, o que equivaleu à extração de 1090 participantes, representando 18,8% da amostra. Para a análise dos dados foram avaliadas questões das seguintes valências: “Saúde mental e bem-estar”, “Corpo e movimento”, Saúde e doenças”, “Família”, “Escola” e “Amigos, tempos de lazer e tecnologias”. Os 1090 participantes da amostra englobaram 40 agrupamentos de escolas de ensino básico e secundário, pertencentes ao 6º (29,5%), 8º (33,5%) e do 10º (37%) ano de escolaridade. Os resultados evidenciam diferenças significativas entre os géneros, sendo que as raparigas demonstraram praticar menos atividade física, tendo menores níveis de bemestar e sintomas psicológicos mais baixos. No que toca ao efeito da doença crónica nos contextos escolar, familiar e social podemos concluir que aqueles que são afetados pela doença crónica nas várias áreas da sua vida revelaram praticar menos atividade física, ter menores níveis de bem-estar e níveis de sintomas psicológicos mais baixos.
Adolescence is known as a stage of development marked by biological, physical and psychological changes. These changes bring with them challenges that create a need to assess each of these developmental changes in order to increase adolescents' ability to respond. The focus of the study was to understand and characterize the relationship between physical activity, psychological symptoms and the well-being of adolescents with chronic illness, understanding how this relationship may vary according to gender, school, family and social contexts. The current study collected data through the broader HBSC (Health Behavior in School-aged Children) study, from which only participants who reported having a chronic illness were extracted, which was equivalent to extracting 1090 participants, representing 18.8% of the sample. Data analysis assessed questions from the following areas: “Mental health and well-being”, “Body and movement”, “Health and illness”, “Family”, “School” and “Friends, leisure time and technology”. The 1090 participants in the sample comprised 40 primary and secondary school groups, belonging to the 6th (29.5%), 8th (33.5%) and 10th (37%) grades. The results show significant differences between the genders, with girls showing less physical activity, lower levels of well-being and lower psychological symptoms. With regard to the effect of chronic illness on the school, family and social contexts, we can conclude that those who are affected by chronic illness in the various areas of their lives showed less physical activity, lower levels of well-being and lower levels of psychological symptoms.
Adolescence is known as a stage of development marked by biological, physical and psychological changes. These changes bring with them challenges that create a need to assess each of these developmental changes in order to increase adolescents' ability to respond. The focus of the study was to understand and characterize the relationship between physical activity, psychological symptoms and the well-being of adolescents with chronic illness, understanding how this relationship may vary according to gender, school, family and social contexts. The current study collected data through the broader HBSC (Health Behavior in School-aged Children) study, from which only participants who reported having a chronic illness were extracted, which was equivalent to extracting 1090 participants, representing 18.8% of the sample. Data analysis assessed questions from the following areas: “Mental health and well-being”, “Body and movement”, “Health and illness”, “Family”, “School” and “Friends, leisure time and technology”. The 1090 participants in the sample comprised 40 primary and secondary school groups, belonging to the 6th (29.5%), 8th (33.5%) and 10th (37%) grades. The results show significant differences between the genders, with girls showing less physical activity, lower levels of well-being and lower psychological symptoms. With regard to the effect of chronic illness on the school, family and social contexts, we can conclude that those who are affected by chronic illness in the various areas of their lives showed less physical activity, lower levels of well-being and lower levels of psychological symptoms.
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PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY, HEALTH PSYCHOLOGY, SYMPTOMATOLOGY, ADOLESCENCE, WELL-BEING, PHYSICAL ACTIVITY, FAMILY, SCHOOL ENVIRONMENT, GENDER, CHRONIC DISEASES, MESTRADO EM PSICOLOGIA CLÍNICA E DA SAÚDE, PSICOLOGIA, PSICOLOGIA CLÍNICA, PSICOLOGIA DA SAÚDE, SINTOMATOLOGIA, ADOLESCÊNCIA, BEM-ESTAR, ATIVIDADE FÍSICA, FAMÍLIA, MEIO ESCOLAR, GÉNERO, DOENÇAS CRÓNICAS, Mestrado em Psicologia Clínica e da Saúde