Estudo das associações entre a disfunção executiva e a sintomatologia numa amostra da comunidade
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2024
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O presente estudo investigou as associações entre a disfunção executiva e a sintomatologia psicopatológica numa amostra comunitária portuguesa. O objetivo principal foi analisar a relação entre as dificuldades nas funções executivas (metacognição, cognição executiva, autorregulação emocional-comportamental e ativação) e sintomas psicopatológicos (depressão, ansiedade, obsessões-compulsões, entre outros), considerando variáveis sociodemográficas (género e idade) e clínicas (acompanhamento psicoterapêutico). Utilizaram-se dois instrumentos principais: o Questionário Disexecutivo (DEX-R) e o Inventário de Sintomas Psicopatológicos (BSI). Os resultados demonstraram correlações positivas significativas entre maior disfunção executiva e sintomas psicopatológicos mais intensos, com destaque para sintomas obsessivos-compulsivos, depressivos e ansiedade. As mulheres reportaram significativamente mais sintomas psicopatológicos do que os homens, embora não tenham existido diferenças significativas na disfunção executiva entre géneros. Participantes mais jovens e aqueles em acompanhamento psicoterapêutico reportaram maiores dificuldades executivas e maior sintomatologia psicopatológica (apenas em relação ao acompanhamento). Estas conclusões sublinham a importância das funções executivas na saúde mental, destacando a necessidade de considerar estas variáveis na avaliação e intervenção clínica, particularmente em populações comunitárias e contextos não clínicos.
This study investigated the associations between executive dysfunction and psychopathological symptoms in a Portuguese community sample. The main goal was to analyze the relationship between difficulties in executive functions (metacognition, executive cognition, emotional-behavioral self-regulation, and activation) and psychopathological symptoms (depression, anxiety, obsessive-compulsive symptoms, among others), considering sociodemographic variables (gender and age) and clinical variables (psychotherapeutic follow up). Two main instruments were used: the Dysexecutive Questionnaire (DEX-R) and the Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI). Results showed significant positive correlations between greater executive dysfunction and more intense psychopathological symptoms, particularly obsessive compulsive symptoms, depression, and anxiety. Women reported significantly more psychopathological symptoms than men, although no significant gender differences were found regarding executive dysfunction. Younger participants and those receiving psychotherapeutic follow-up reported greater executive difficulties and higher psychopathological symptoms (the latter only related to psychotherapeutic follow-up). These findings highlight the importance of executive functions in mental health, emphasizing the need to consider these variables in clinical assessment and intervention, particularly within community populations and non clinical contexts.
This study investigated the associations between executive dysfunction and psychopathological symptoms in a Portuguese community sample. The main goal was to analyze the relationship between difficulties in executive functions (metacognition, executive cognition, emotional-behavioral self-regulation, and activation) and psychopathological symptoms (depression, anxiety, obsessive-compulsive symptoms, among others), considering sociodemographic variables (gender and age) and clinical variables (psychotherapeutic follow up). Two main instruments were used: the Dysexecutive Questionnaire (DEX-R) and the Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI). Results showed significant positive correlations between greater executive dysfunction and more intense psychopathological symptoms, particularly obsessive compulsive symptoms, depression, and anxiety. Women reported significantly more psychopathological symptoms than men, although no significant gender differences were found regarding executive dysfunction. Younger participants and those receiving psychotherapeutic follow-up reported greater executive difficulties and higher psychopathological symptoms (the latter only related to psychotherapeutic follow-up). These findings highlight the importance of executive functions in mental health, emphasizing the need to consider these variables in clinical assessment and intervention, particularly within community populations and non clinical contexts.
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PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY, HEALTH PSYCHOLOGY, EXECUTIVE DYSFUNCTION, SYMPTOMATOLOGY, MESTRADO EM PSICOLOGIA CLÍNICA E DA SAÚDE, PSICOLOGIA, PSICOLOGIA CLÍNICA, PSICOLOGIA DA SAÚDE, SINTOMATOLOGIA, DISFUNÇÃO EXECUTIVA, Mestrado em Psicologia Clínica e da Saúde