Reforço sísmico de edifícios de betão armado apoiados em “pilotis” : aplicação de análise custo-benefício
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A presente dissertação aborda a vulnerabilidade de uma tipologia de edifícios de betão armado, edificada durante os anos 60, e bem patente no parque habitacional português, que são os edifícios de rés-do chão vazado apoiados em "pilotis". É abordado o mecanismo de colapso característico deste tipo de estruturas, sendo apontadas as necessidades de reforço e identificadas as técnicas de reforço. Com base num caso de estudo situado na Av. Infante Santo, em Lisboa, bem representativo desta tipologia de edifícios, são estudadas duas soluções de reforço - contraventamento metálico e contraventamento metálico com dissipador de energia Buckling Restrained Axial Dumpers - e comparadas com outras soluções já estudadas por outros autores para o mesmo edifício. Estas soluções de reforço são dimensionadas recorrendo à ferramenta de cálculo SeismoStruct, por forma a obter as curvas de capacidade e perfis de drifts. Com estes resultados estrutura-se o modelo de análise custo-benefício recorrendo à ferramenta M-MACBETH. Estruturado o modelo de avaliação e definidos os objetivos e critérios do ponto de vista do decisor, verifica-se que a solução de reforço por contraventamento metálico é a solução mais atrativa. Como perspetivas de desenvolvimento futuro sugere-se a abordagem do dimensionamento e a análise custo-benefício de outras técnicas de reforço aplicadas a esta tipologia de edifícios, assim como a edifícios suscetíveis a outros tipos de mecanismos.
This dissertation addresses the vulnerability of a specific type of reinforced concrete building commonly found in Portuguese housing stock, particularly those constructed during the 1960s and supported on “pilotis”. The characteristic collapse mechanism of these structures is examined, the reinforcement needs are identified, and various reinforcement techniques are explored. A case study of a building located on Av. Infante Santo in Lisbon, which is representative of this building type, is used to evaluate two reinforcement solutions: metal bracing and metal bracing combined with energy dissipating Buckling Restrained Braces (BRBs). These solutions are compared with other previously studied by other authors for the same building type. The reinforcement solutions are dimensioned using the SeismoStruct calculation tool to generate capacity curves and drift profiles. Based on these results, a cost-benefit analysis model is developed using the M-MACBETH software. Once the evaluation model is established and the objectives and criteria are defined from the decision maker's perspective, the analysis reveals that the reinforcement solution using metal bracing is the most cost-effective option. As a direction for future work, it is suggested to expand the approach to the dimensioning and cost-benefit analysis of reinforcement techniques applied to this type of buildings, as well as buildings susceptible to other types of mechanisms.
This dissertation addresses the vulnerability of a specific type of reinforced concrete building commonly found in Portuguese housing stock, particularly those constructed during the 1960s and supported on “pilotis”. The characteristic collapse mechanism of these structures is examined, the reinforcement needs are identified, and various reinforcement techniques are explored. A case study of a building located on Av. Infante Santo in Lisbon, which is representative of this building type, is used to evaluate two reinforcement solutions: metal bracing and metal bracing combined with energy dissipating Buckling Restrained Braces (BRBs). These solutions are compared with other previously studied by other authors for the same building type. The reinforcement solutions are dimensioned using the SeismoStruct calculation tool to generate capacity curves and drift profiles. Based on these results, a cost-benefit analysis model is developed using the M-MACBETH software. Once the evaluation model is established and the objectives and criteria are defined from the decision maker's perspective, the analysis reveals that the reinforcement solution using metal bracing is the most cost-effective option. As a direction for future work, it is suggested to expand the approach to the dimensioning and cost-benefit analysis of reinforcement techniques applied to this type of buildings, as well as buildings susceptible to other types of mechanisms.
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CIVIL ENGINEERING, CONSTRUCTION, BUILDINGS, REINFORCED CONCRETE, SEISMIC ISOLATION, SEISMIC ANALYSIS, COST-BENEFIT ANALYSIS, STRUCTURE REINFORCEMENT, MESTRADO EM ENGENHARIA CIVIL, ENGENHARIA CIVIL, CONSTRUÇÃO CIVIL, EDIFÍCIOS, BETÃO ARMADO, ISOLAMENTO SÍSMICO, ANÁLISE SÍSMICA, ANÁLISE DE CUSTOS-BENEFÍCIOS, REFORÇO DE ESTRUTURAS