Contributos para o estudo de uma planta alimentar intercontinental : erva-príncipe
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2024
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Cymbopogon citratus (DC) Stapf, deriva das palavras gregas “kymbe” (barco) e “pogon” (barba), conhecida popularmente como capim-limão ou Erva-príncipe, corresponde a um género que engloba cerca de 120 espécies e cresce espontaneamente em vários continentes. O presente trabalho teve dois objetivos: 1) estudo analítico exploratório para comparar os componentes dos óleos essenciais por cromatografia gás-líquido (em cooperação com equipa analítica) e marcadores genéticos de exemplares de Erva- príncipe provenientes de Cabo Verde, S. Tomé e Príncipe e de Portugal; 2) estudo misto qualitativo e quantitativo para conhecer os hábitos de consumo em Cabo Verde onde as suas folhas são utilizadas em infusão, e consumidas como bebida aromática. Foi realizado com recurso a aplicação de questionários, através da plataforma Google forms, tratados em Excel com estatística descritiva. Os resultados analíticos em cooperação mostraram variabilidade de rendimento dos óleos essenciais de C. citratus em função das origens, 0,75 % (v/p.s.) e 0,26 %; 0,86 % e 0,52%, respetivamente, uma amostra de Lisboa e uma de Setúbal, ambas de Portugal, uma amostra da Ilha de São Vicente, Cabo Verde e uma amostra de São Tomé e Príncipe. Na investigação sobre a utilização de marcadores moleculares baseados em fragmentos do ADN, designados Inter-Simple Sequences Repeats (ISSR), verificou-se que são eficazes para avaliar a diversidade genética disponível. Relativamente aos hábitos de consumo, o maior uso da Erva-príncipe foi reportado pelos participantes com 18 a 30 anos (62,5%). Para a preparação da bebida, a maioria utiliza o método da decocção (91,42%) e as razões mais importantes descritas pelos inquiridos (48) foram o efeito de bem-estar digestivo (40,9%), relaxamento e alívio de insónias (22,7%), como chá medicinal para estados infeciosos ligeiros (13,6%), e por gosto (6,8%). Em conclusão este estudo exploratório evidencia a importância da Erva-príncipe no uso tradicional em diferentes continentes e desperta para o interesse em esclarecer a diversidade genética entre os acessos das diferentes geografias através de marcadores ISSR e sua relação com possíveis quimiotipos distintos. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Cymbopogon citratus; óleos essenciais; Erva-príncipe/Capim- limão; Xaliz; planta aromática; marcadores genéticos
Cymbopogon citratus (DC) Stapf, derived from the Greek words “kymbe” (boat) and “pogon” (beard), popularly known as lemongrass or lemongrass, corresponding to a genus that encompasses around 120 species and grows spontaneously on several continents. The present work had two objectives: 1) exploratory analytical study to compare the components of essential oils by gas-liquid chromatography (in cooperation with analytical team) and genetic markers of lemongrass specimens from Cape Verde, S. Tomé and Príncipe and Portugal; 2) mixed qualitative and quantitative study to understand consumption habits in Cape Verde where its leaves are used in infusion and consumed as an aromatic drink. It was carried out using questionnaires, using the Google forms platform, and processed in Excel with descriptive statistics. The analytical results in cooperation showed variability in the yield of C. citratus essential oils depending on the origins, 0.75% (v/p.s.) and 0.26%; 0.86% and 0.52%, respectively, a sample from Lisbon and one from Setúbal, both from Portugal, a sample from the Island of São Vicente, Cape Verde and a sample from São Tomé and Príncipe. When investigating the use of molecular markers based on DNA fragments designated as Inter- Simple Sequences Repeats - ISSR, it was found that they are effective in evaluating available genetic diversity. Regarding consumption habits, the greatest use of Lemongrass was reported by participants aged 18 to 30 years (62.5%). To prepare the drink, the majority use the decoction method (91.42%) and the most important reasons described by respondents (48) were the effect of digestive well-being (40.9%), relaxation and relief from insomnia (22.7%), as medicinal tea for mild infectious conditions (13.6%), and for taste (6.8%). In conclusion, this exploratory study highlights the importance of Lemongrass in traditional use on different continents and raises interest in clarifying the genetic diversity between accessions from different geographies through ISSR markers and their relationship with possible distinct chemotypes. KEY-WORDS: Cymbopogon citratus; essential oils; lemon grass; Xaliz; aromatic plant; genetic markers
Cymbopogon citratus (DC) Stapf, derived from the Greek words “kymbe” (boat) and “pogon” (beard), popularly known as lemongrass or lemongrass, corresponding to a genus that encompasses around 120 species and grows spontaneously on several continents. The present work had two objectives: 1) exploratory analytical study to compare the components of essential oils by gas-liquid chromatography (in cooperation with analytical team) and genetic markers of lemongrass specimens from Cape Verde, S. Tomé and Príncipe and Portugal; 2) mixed qualitative and quantitative study to understand consumption habits in Cape Verde where its leaves are used in infusion and consumed as an aromatic drink. It was carried out using questionnaires, using the Google forms platform, and processed in Excel with descriptive statistics. The analytical results in cooperation showed variability in the yield of C. citratus essential oils depending on the origins, 0.75% (v/p.s.) and 0.26%; 0.86% and 0.52%, respectively, a sample from Lisbon and one from Setúbal, both from Portugal, a sample from the Island of São Vicente, Cape Verde and a sample from São Tomé and Príncipe. When investigating the use of molecular markers based on DNA fragments designated as Inter- Simple Sequences Repeats - ISSR, it was found that they are effective in evaluating available genetic diversity. Regarding consumption habits, the greatest use of Lemongrass was reported by participants aged 18 to 30 years (62.5%). To prepare the drink, the majority use the decoction method (91.42%) and the most important reasons described by respondents (48) were the effect of digestive well-being (40.9%), relaxation and relief from insomnia (22.7%), as medicinal tea for mild infectious conditions (13.6%), and for taste (6.8%). In conclusion, this exploratory study highlights the importance of Lemongrass in traditional use on different continents and raises interest in clarifying the genetic diversity between accessions from different geographies through ISSR markers and their relationship with possible distinct chemotypes. KEY-WORDS: Cymbopogon citratus; essential oils; lemon grass; Xaliz; aromatic plant; genetic markers
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DIETARY SUPPLEMENT, NATURAL PRODUCTS, ESSENTIAL OILS, LEMONGRASS, AROMATIC PLANTS, MESTRADO EM PRODUTOS DE SAÚDE E SUPLEMENTOS ALIMENTARES, SUPLEMENTOS ALIMENTARES, PRODUTOS DE ORIGEM NATURAL, ÓLEOS ESSENCIAIS, ERVA-PRÍNCIPE, PLANTAS AROMÁTICAS, Mestrado em Produtos de Saúde e Suplementos Alimentares