Caraterização do perfil dos utentes das terapêuticas não convencionais com enquadramento dos suplementos alimentares
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2022
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Levando em linha de conta as diretrizes da Organização Mundial De Saúde (OMS) nas duas últimas décadas, o governo português legalizou as Terapêuticas Não Convencionais (TNC). A lei 71/2013 que regulamenta a Lei 45/2003 relativamente ao exercício profissional das atividades veio dar mais credibilidade às práticas na área das TNC, visto que os terapeutas estão certificados pela Administração Central do Sistema de Saúde (ACSS) e registados na Entidade Reguladora da Saúde (ERS). A expansão subsequente das TNC e a sua adesão por uma população seduzida por novas abordagens para um estilo de vida saudável, modificaram a consciência coletiva da participação na gestão da saúde, e o paciente passou a ter um papel ativo na prevenção da sua saúde e na procura de soluções terapêuticas. Neste contexto desenhou-se um estudo de investigação quantitativo transversal com os objetivos de identificar o perfil das pessoas que utilizam as TNC, suas razões e motivações, bem como o enquadramento dos suplementos alimentares nas práticas das TNC. Para a recolha de informação, a técnica utilizada foi a de um inquérito efetuado através de questionário original on line e também em suporte de papel. A maioria das respostas foram recolhidas através de formulário produzido via Google Forms, e posteriormente todos os resultados foram transferidos para o Programa IBM SPSS 27.0. De seguida, foi realizada uma análise descritiva dos dados, através de tabelas de frequências e comparativas, de dupla entrada, recorrendo às respetivas representações gráficas. Estas análises descritivas foram relevantes para caraterizar o perfil dos pacientes e para a comparação dos dados sobre a perceções e atitudes em duas dimensões: TNC e medicina convencional. Os utilizadores das TNC são maioritariamente mulheres (79%). Dos 1145 respondentes, 67,5% afirmam que para a mesma situação já recorreram às TNC e também à medicina convencional, e quando confrontados com a melhor resolução da sua situação, 82,5% afirmam que foi nas TNC. De notar que, perante uma situação de doença, 35,8% recorreram primeiro aos médicos e 52% recorreram logo às TNC. O grau de satisfação na abordagem do problema/consulta e na avaliação do resultado obtido pela relação eficácia vs efeitos colaterais, mostra resultados acima dos 95% para as TNC. As TNC apresentam uma taxa de adesão de 81,2% nas doenças osteoarticulares, com 5 situações de doença em que existe prevalência da medicina convencional (endócrina, cardiovascular, circulação arterial e venosa, sistema urinário e dermatológica) e das TNC em 4 situações de doença (osteoarticular, gastrointestinal, sistema nervoso, emagrecimento e estética). A opção por medicina convencional no Sistema Nacional de Saúde (SNS) é de 65,2% nas doenças cardiovasculares, o que revela a perceção de necessidade de opção pelo SNS em situação grave de risco de vida. Dos respondentes, 52% usa ou usou suplementos alimentares, e mais de 83% revela disciplina na toma das dosagens prescritas e respetivos horários, 97% referindo que o terapeuta indicou os momentos da toma. Quando confrontados com o grau de satisfação em relação ao seu terapeuta não convencional, 94% consideram Muito Bom ou Bom, o que conjugado com 98% dos inquiridos a afirmarem positivamente a recomendação do profissional de TNC que o acompanha a um amigo, são resultados inequívocos na perceção da mais valia das TNC. PALAVRAS-CHAVE Perfil de utentes, Terapêuticas Não Convencionais, Suplementos alimentares, Vitaminas, Minerais, Homeopatia, Medicina Tradicional Chinesa, Naturopatia, Osteopatia, Quiropráxia, Fitoterapia, Acupuntura, Medicina.
Taking into account the guidelines of the World Health Organization (WHO) in the last two decades, the Portuguese government legalized Non-Conventional Therapeutics (NTC) activities. Law 71/2013, which regulates Law 45/2003 regarding the professional exercise of activities, has given more credibility to practices in the NTC area, since non-conventional therapeutic professionals are certified by the Central Administration of the Health System (ACSS) in Portugal and registered at the Health Regulator Entity (ERS). The subsequent expansion of NCT and their uptake by a population seduced by new approaches to a healthy lifestyle, modified the collective awareness of participation in the management of health status, and the patients started to play an active role in the prevention of their health as well as in the search for therapeutic solutions. Regarding the collection of information, the technique used was a survey carried out through an original online questionnaire and also in paper support. Most responses were collected through Google Forms, and all the results were later transferred to the SPSS 27.0 IBM Program. Then, a descriptive analysis of the results was carried out, through frequency and comparative tables, through double-entry tables, using the respective graphical representations. These descriptive analyses were relevant to characterize the profile of patients and to compare data on perceptions and attitudes in two dimensions: NCT and conventional medicine. NCT users are mostly women (79%). Of the 1145 respondents, 67,5% stated that they had already resorted to TNC and conventional medicine for the same situation, and when faced with the best solution for their situation, 82,5% stated that it was at NCT. It should be noted that in the face of illness, on average, 35,8% turned to Doctors first and 52% turned to NCT. The degree of satisfaction in relation to the approach to the problem/consultation and in the evaluation of the result obtained in the relationship between efficacy vs side effects, shows results above 95% for NCT.. NCT consultation has an adherence rate of 81,2% in osteoarticular diseases, with 5 disease situations in which Conventional Medicine prevails (endocrine, cardiovascular, arterial and venous circulation, urinary and dermatological system) and NCT in 4 situations of disease (osteoarticular, gastrointestinal, nervous system, weight loss and aesthetics). The choice of conventional medicine in the SNS is 65,2% in cardiovascular diseases, which reveals the perceived need to opt for the National Health System (NHS) in a serious life-threatening situation. Of the respondents, 52% use or usedfood supplements, more than 83% reveal discipline in taking the prescribed dosages and respective schedules, 97% mentioning that the NCT professional indicated the moments of intake. When confronted with the degree of satisfaction with their consulted non-conventional therapeutic professional, 94% consider him/her Very Good or Good, which, together with 98% of respondents positively affirming the recommendation of the conventional NCT health professional who accompanies them to a friend, are unequivocal results in the perception of the added value of NCT. KEYWORDS Profile of users, Traditional and Complementary Medicine, Food Supplements, Vitamins, Minerals, Homeopathy, Traditional Chinese Medicine, Naturopathy, Osteopathy, Chiropractic, Phytotherapy, Acupuncture, Medicine.
Taking into account the guidelines of the World Health Organization (WHO) in the last two decades, the Portuguese government legalized Non-Conventional Therapeutics (NTC) activities. Law 71/2013, which regulates Law 45/2003 regarding the professional exercise of activities, has given more credibility to practices in the NTC area, since non-conventional therapeutic professionals are certified by the Central Administration of the Health System (ACSS) in Portugal and registered at the Health Regulator Entity (ERS). The subsequent expansion of NCT and their uptake by a population seduced by new approaches to a healthy lifestyle, modified the collective awareness of participation in the management of health status, and the patients started to play an active role in the prevention of their health as well as in the search for therapeutic solutions. Regarding the collection of information, the technique used was a survey carried out through an original online questionnaire and also in paper support. Most responses were collected through Google Forms, and all the results were later transferred to the SPSS 27.0 IBM Program. Then, a descriptive analysis of the results was carried out, through frequency and comparative tables, through double-entry tables, using the respective graphical representations. These descriptive analyses were relevant to characterize the profile of patients and to compare data on perceptions and attitudes in two dimensions: NCT and conventional medicine. NCT users are mostly women (79%). Of the 1145 respondents, 67,5% stated that they had already resorted to TNC and conventional medicine for the same situation, and when faced with the best solution for their situation, 82,5% stated that it was at NCT. It should be noted that in the face of illness, on average, 35,8% turned to Doctors first and 52% turned to NCT. The degree of satisfaction in relation to the approach to the problem/consultation and in the evaluation of the result obtained in the relationship between efficacy vs side effects, shows results above 95% for NCT.. NCT consultation has an adherence rate of 81,2% in osteoarticular diseases, with 5 disease situations in which Conventional Medicine prevails (endocrine, cardiovascular, arterial and venous circulation, urinary and dermatological system) and NCT in 4 situations of disease (osteoarticular, gastrointestinal, nervous system, weight loss and aesthetics). The choice of conventional medicine in the SNS is 65,2% in cardiovascular diseases, which reveals the perceived need to opt for the National Health System (NHS) in a serious life-threatening situation. Of the respondents, 52% use or usedfood supplements, more than 83% reveal discipline in taking the prescribed dosages and respective schedules, 97% mentioning that the NCT professional indicated the moments of intake. When confronted with the degree of satisfaction with their consulted non-conventional therapeutic professional, 94% consider him/her Very Good or Good, which, together with 98% of respondents positively affirming the recommendation of the conventional NCT health professional who accompanies them to a friend, are unequivocal results in the perception of the added value of NCT. KEYWORDS Profile of users, Traditional and Complementary Medicine, Food Supplements, Vitamins, Minerals, Homeopathy, Traditional Chinese Medicine, Naturopathy, Osteopathy, Chiropractic, Phytotherapy, Acupuncture, Medicine.
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PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES, DIETARY SUPPLEMENT, VITAMINS, MINERAL COMPOUNDS, HOMEOPATHY, TRADITIONAL CHINESE MEDICINE, NATUROPATHY, OSTEOPATHY, PHYTOTHERAPY, MEDICINE, MESTRADO EM PRODUTOS DE SAÚDE E SUPLEMENTOS ALIMENTARES, CIÊNCIAS FARMACÊUTICAS, SUPLEMENTOS ALIMENTARES, VITAMINAS, COMPOSTOS MINERAIS, HOMEOPATIA, MEDICINA TRADICIONAL CHINESA, NATUROPATIA, OSTEOPATIA, FITOTERAPIA, MEDICINA, Mestrado em Produtos de Saúde e Suplementos Alimentares