Porquê permanecer ou abandonar a profissão? : um estudo qualitativo por entrevista em profissionais de saúde
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2024
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A escassez de profissionais de saúde tem se tornado um problema cada vez mais relevante, prejudicando tanto o bem-estar dos próprios profissionais quanto a qualidade na prestação de cuidados de saúde. Devido à limitada literatura sobre os fatores inerentes à permanência dos profissionais de saúde na sua profissão, existe a oportunidade de colmatar esta lacuna, já que a maioria da literatura existente concentra-se apenas nos motivos que levam ao abandono. Desta forma, esta investigação pretende analisar os fatores situacionais (e.g. diminuição do apoio do local de trabalho, exposição a sofrimento e a pacientes com doenças terminais, etc.) e disposicionais (e.g. resiliência, motivação, etc.) associados à permanência e ao abandono dos profissionais de saúde. A análise temática realizada (n = 23) indicou que o suporte social e a motivação interpessoal foram relatados pelos participantes como facilitadores para a sua retenção e fatores como, o (baixo) reconhecimento organizacional e a (baixa) remuneração foram reportados como barreiras à sua permanência na profissão. A perceção sobre o ambiente e condições organizacionais e extraorganizacionais demonstrou-se ambivalente, tendo sido reportado como barreira e como facilitador à continuidade na profissão. Ao identificar estes fatores, os resultados demonstram-se úteis para informar futuras intervenções, de forma a melhorar a retenção destes profissionais, com foco na promoção de facilitadores e mitigação de barreiras.
The shortage of healthcare professionals has become an increasingly relevant problem, jeopardising both the well-being of the professionals themselves and the quality of healthcare provision. Due to the limited literature on the factors driving health professionals to stay in their profession, there is an opportunity to fill this gap, since most of the existing literature focuses only on the reasons for leaving. Therefore, this research aims to analyze which factors, situational (e.g. reduced support from the workplace, exposure to suffering and patients with terminal illness, etc.) and dispositional (e.g. resilience, motivation, etc.) are associated with health professionals staying or leaving. The thematic analysis carried out (n = 23) indicated that social support and interpersonal motivation were reported by the participants as facilitators for their retention and factors such as (low) organizational recognition and (low) remuneration were reported as barriers to their remaining in the profession. The organizational and extra-organizational environment was seemingly ambivalent, having been reported as both a barrier and a facilitator to continuing in the profession. By identifying these factors, the results prove useful for informing future interventions to improve the retention of these professionals, by promoting facilitators and mitigating barriers.
The shortage of healthcare professionals has become an increasingly relevant problem, jeopardising both the well-being of the professionals themselves and the quality of healthcare provision. Due to the limited literature on the factors driving health professionals to stay in their profession, there is an opportunity to fill this gap, since most of the existing literature focuses only on the reasons for leaving. Therefore, this research aims to analyze which factors, situational (e.g. reduced support from the workplace, exposure to suffering and patients with terminal illness, etc.) and dispositional (e.g. resilience, motivation, etc.) are associated with health professionals staying or leaving. The thematic analysis carried out (n = 23) indicated that social support and interpersonal motivation were reported by the participants as facilitators for their retention and factors such as (low) organizational recognition and (low) remuneration were reported as barriers to their remaining in the profession. The organizational and extra-organizational environment was seemingly ambivalent, having been reported as both a barrier and a facilitator to continuing in the profession. By identifying these factors, the results prove useful for informing future interventions to improve the retention of these professionals, by promoting facilitators and mitigating barriers.
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PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY, HEALTH CARE PROFESSIONALS, INTENSIVE CARE, JOB ABANDONMENT, MESTRADO EM PSICOLOGIA SOCIAL E DAS ORGANIZAÇÕES, PSICOLOGIA, PSICOLOGIA SOCIAL, PROFISSIONAIS DE SAÚDE, CUIDADOS INTENSIVOS, ABANDONO DO TRABALH, Mestrado em Psicologia Social e das Organizações