Abordagem da neurorreabilitação funcional em cães com mielopatia degenerativa
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2019
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A Mielopatia Degenerativa Canina é uma doença neurodegenerativa que afeta cães adultos de diversas raças. Numa fase inicial, caracteriza-se por uma ataxia assimétrica dos membros pélvicos, progredindo para paraplegia e, eventualmente, perda de mobilidade dos membros torácicos e atrofia muscular generalizada. A Mielopatia Degenerativa é uma doença progressiva e fatal, sendo histopatologicamente classificada como uma axonopatia multissisté-mica central e periférica, não existindo um tratamento médico eficaz.
Recentemente, uma mutação no gene superóxido dismutase 1 canino (SOD1) revelou ser um fator de risco para o desenvolvimento de Mielopatia Degenerativa, sugerindo uma ho-mologia com a Esclerose Lateral Amiotrófica, uma doença neurodegenerativa em humanos.
O uso da neurorreabilitação funcional em doentes neurológicos com disfunção motora tem vindo a ser amplamente estudado na medicina humana, sendo justificado pela plasticidade do sistema nervoso.
O objetivo principal deste estudo consistiu na compreensão do papel da neurorreabili-tação funcional na reorganização neural e na avaliação dos seus benefícios na recuperação da funcionalidade em cães com Mielopatia Degenerativa.
Para tal, uma amostra de cinco cães com diagnóstico por exclusão de Mielopatia De-generativa foi selecionada para o estudo, tendo estes sido sujeitos a um protocolo terapêutico de neurorreabilitação funcional desenvolvido para a doença em questão, num regime de inter-namento no Centro de Reabilitação Animal da Arrábida (CRAA).
Os resultados obtidos revelaram uma melhoria da função motora dos animais à saída do centro, assim como uma recuperação significativa dos reflexos espinhais periféricos e da atrofia e tónus muscular dos doentes, demonstrando a eficácia do protocolo de neurorreabilita-ção funcional na abordagem à Mielopatia Degenerativa.
Em conclusão, a neurorreabilitação funcional pode possuir um papel fundamental na recuperação da funcionalidade em cães com Mielopatia Degenerativa, permitindo melhorar a sua qualidade de vida.
Canine degenerative myelopathy is an adult-onset neurodegenerative disease that oc-curs in several breeds of dogs. In an early stage, the disease is characterized by asymmetric hindlimb ataxia, progressing to paraplegia and, eventually, loss of mobility in the forelimbs and generalised muscle atrophy. Degenerative Myelopathy is a progressive and fatal disease, being histopathologically classified as a multisystem central-peripheral axonopathy, with no effective medical therapy. Recently, a mutation in the canine superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) gene has been shown to be a risk factor for Canine Degenerative Myelopathy suggesting homology to familial SOD1 Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. The use of functional neurorehabilitation in neurological patients with motor impair-ment has been studied in human medicine and is justified by the nervous system plasticity. The main aim of this study was to understand the role of functional neurorehabilitation in neural reorganization and to evaluate its benefits in the functional recovery of dogs with Degenerative Myelopathy. For such, a sample of five dogs with a diagnosis of exclusion of Degenerative Mye-lopathy was selected to the study and was subject to the therapeutic protocol, in an internment regime in Centro de Reabilitação da Arrábida (CRAA). The results revealed an improvement of the motor function of the animals studied and a significant recovery of peripheric spinal reflexes and muscle tone and atrophy, thus suggesting the effectiveness of the neurorehabilitation protocol in the approach to Degenerative Myelopa-thy. In conclusion, this study has shown that functional neurorehabilitation may have an important role in the functional recovery of dogs with Degenerative Myelopathy, improving their quality of life.
Canine degenerative myelopathy is an adult-onset neurodegenerative disease that oc-curs in several breeds of dogs. In an early stage, the disease is characterized by asymmetric hindlimb ataxia, progressing to paraplegia and, eventually, loss of mobility in the forelimbs and generalised muscle atrophy. Degenerative Myelopathy is a progressive and fatal disease, being histopathologically classified as a multisystem central-peripheral axonopathy, with no effective medical therapy. Recently, a mutation in the canine superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) gene has been shown to be a risk factor for Canine Degenerative Myelopathy suggesting homology to familial SOD1 Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. The use of functional neurorehabilitation in neurological patients with motor impair-ment has been studied in human medicine and is justified by the nervous system plasticity. The main aim of this study was to understand the role of functional neurorehabilitation in neural reorganization and to evaluate its benefits in the functional recovery of dogs with Degenerative Myelopathy. For such, a sample of five dogs with a diagnosis of exclusion of Degenerative Mye-lopathy was selected to the study and was subject to the therapeutic protocol, in an internment regime in Centro de Reabilitação da Arrábida (CRAA). The results revealed an improvement of the motor function of the animals studied and a significant recovery of peripheric spinal reflexes and muscle tone and atrophy, thus suggesting the effectiveness of the neurorehabilitation protocol in the approach to Degenerative Myelopa-thy. In conclusion, this study has shown that functional neurorehabilitation may have an important role in the functional recovery of dogs with Degenerative Myelopathy, improving their quality of life.
Descrição
Orientação : Maria João da Costa Soares da Silva ; co-orientação : Ângela Paula Neves Rocha Martins
Palavras-chave
MESTRADO INTEGRADO EM MEDICINA VETERINÁRIA, VETERINÁRIA, MEDICINA VETERINÁRIA, VETERINARY MEDICINE, CANÍDEOS, CÃES, NEURORREABILITAÇÃO, NEUROPLASTICIDADE, CANIDS, DOGS, NEUROREHABILITATION, NEUROPLASTICITY, ESCLEROSE LATERAL AMIOTRÓFICA, MIELOPATIA DEGENERATIVA, AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS, DEGENERATIVE MYELOPATHY, REABILITAÇÃO FUNCIONAL, FUNCTIONAL REHABILITATION