Associação entre a Aptidão Cardiorrespiratória e o estado nutricional, avaliada através do Índice de Massa Corporal, numa amostra do 1º Ciclo do Ensino Básico
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2012
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Objetivo: O primeiro estudo teve como principal objetivo reunir a informação existente sobre a associação entre a Aptidão Cardiorrespiratória (ACR) e a prevalência da obesidade e pré-obesidade, na faixa etária do 1º CEB (Ciclo do Ensino Básico). O segundo teve em vista a realização de um estudo observacional onde se analisou a associação entre a ACR e o Índice de Massa Corporal (IMC), numa amostra do concelho de Lisboa.
Método: Numa primeira fase, elaborou-se uma revisão sistemática da literatura (RSL) com base em estudos transversais, longitudinais e Coorte. Numa segunda fase, procedeu-se a estudo observacional no qual participaram 12622 alunos (6410 rapazes e 6212), dos 6 aos 11 anos de idade, inscritos nas 93 escolas do 1º CEB (do 1º ao 4º ano de escolaridade) aderentes ao projeto Play GYM, coordenado pela Federação Portuguesa de Ginástica – Câmara Municipal de Lisboa. As medidas antropométricas foram avaliadas através de métodos indiretos, IMC e Massa Gorda (MG) e a ACR avaliada através do teste Vaivém do Fitnessgram.
Resultados: Na RSL confirmou-se que existe uma associação negativa entre a ACR e a composição corporal. No segundo estudo, verificámos que a prevalência da obesidade é alta nas crianças estudadas, não variando entre rapazes e raparigas. Na ACR as raparigas obtiveram uma melhor performance no teste do vaivém (p≤0.001). Verificámos que os alunos considerados na zona de alto risco do IMC têm maior prevalência para a zona de alto risco do vaivém do Fitnessgram, do que para a zona saudável (p ≤0.001).
Conclusão: Existe uma associação inversa entre a ACR e a prevalência do excesso de peso e obesidade, tornando-se evidente necessidade de identificar, nas escolas, as crianças consideradas com excesso de peso e não aptas quanto à ACR, em ordem a implementar programas de atividade física, como forma de prevenção da obesidade.
Objective: The first study brings together the existing information of the association between Cardiorrespiratory Fitness (CRF) with the prevalence of obesity and pre-obesity, on 1st primary school students (CEB). The second study was an observacional study where we examined the association between CRF and Body Mass Index (BMI), in a sample of the municipality of Lisbon, Portugal. Method: Initially we conducted a systematic review of literature (SRL) based on cross-sectional, longitudinal and cohort studies. The second phase was an observacional study in which participated 12622 students (6410 boys and 6212 girls) from 6 to 11 years old, enrolled in 93 schools of the 1st CEB (from 1st to 4th grade) adhering to the Play GYM Project of the portuguese federation of gimnastics – Lisbon City Hall. Anthropometric measurements were assessed by indirected methods, BMI, and fat mass and the CRF evaluated by testing the shuttle Fitnessgram 20 meters. Results: The SRL confirmed that there is a negative association between the CRF and body composition. In the second study, we found that the prevalence of obesity is high, with no gender differences. In CRF girls had better performance in the shuttle Fitnessgram test (p≤0.001). We have found that students considered in the high risk zone of BMI, are more prevalent in the high risk area of the shuttle Fitnessgram, than for healthy zone (p≤0.001). Conclusion: There is an inverse association between the CRF and the prevalence of overweight and obesity, thus demonstrating the need to identify in the schools children considered overweight and unfit, in order to implement physical activity programs as a way of preventing obesity.
Objective: The first study brings together the existing information of the association between Cardiorrespiratory Fitness (CRF) with the prevalence of obesity and pre-obesity, on 1st primary school students (CEB). The second study was an observacional study where we examined the association between CRF and Body Mass Index (BMI), in a sample of the municipality of Lisbon, Portugal. Method: Initially we conducted a systematic review of literature (SRL) based on cross-sectional, longitudinal and cohort studies. The second phase was an observacional study in which participated 12622 students (6410 boys and 6212 girls) from 6 to 11 years old, enrolled in 93 schools of the 1st CEB (from 1st to 4th grade) adhering to the Play GYM Project of the portuguese federation of gimnastics – Lisbon City Hall. Anthropometric measurements were assessed by indirected methods, BMI, and fat mass and the CRF evaluated by testing the shuttle Fitnessgram 20 meters. Results: The SRL confirmed that there is a negative association between the CRF and body composition. In the second study, we found that the prevalence of obesity is high, with no gender differences. In CRF girls had better performance in the shuttle Fitnessgram test (p≤0.001). We have found that students considered in the high risk zone of BMI, are more prevalent in the high risk area of the shuttle Fitnessgram, than for healthy zone (p≤0.001). Conclusion: There is an inverse association between the CRF and the prevalence of overweight and obesity, thus demonstrating the need to identify in the schools children considered overweight and unfit, in order to implement physical activity programs as a way of preventing obesity.
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Orientação : António Labisa Palmeira
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MESTRADO EM EXERCÍCIO E BEM-ESTAR, OBESIDADE, OBESITY, APTIDÃO CARDIORRESPIRATÓRIA, CARDIORESPIRATORY FITNESS, CRIANÇAS, CHILDREN, SPORT