Efeito da suplementação de cálcio oral no pós-parto como método de prevenção de hipocalcémia
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Data
2016
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O período de transição é um período crítico para a vaca de leite e uma das razões é o teste aos mecanismos de homeostasia dos níveis de cálcio, que têm de competir com a necessidade de cálcio para a lactação, nomeadamente o colostro, rico em cálcio. Estas alterações nos níveis de cálcio têm também consequências fisiológicas e clínicas, levando a enormes perdas económicas.
Como prevenção existem vários protocolos utilizados, o protocolo avaliado neste estudo foi a administração peri-parto de dois bolus de cálcio oral Bovikalc®.
O objetivo do estudo era determinar o efeito da administração de cálcio oral após o parto nos valores serológicos de cálcio medindo-os, sendo as amostras recolhidas logo após o parto e passadas 24 horas, de forma a verificar a concordância com os valores estipulados na bibliografia. Correlacionar também esses valores com a ocorrência de outras alterações como alterações na média de produção, cetose, metrite e mastite de forma a avaliar a sua influência, comparando-os com a bibliografia existente e entre os dois grupos.
A população (n=41) em estudo provinha de uma exploração no Ribatejo, ocorrendo no período de 16 de junho de 2015 a 31 de outubro de 2015. Foram divididos em dois grupos o grupo de controlo (n=21), na qual as amostras foram recolhidas logo após o parto e passadas 24 horas e foi apenas administrado um frasco de 500 ml intravenoso de cálcio imediatamente após o parto, depois da colheita da primeira amostra, protocolo aplicado na exploração. No grupo de tratamento (n=20) as amostras foram recolhidas também logo após o parto e passadas 24 horas, mas foi administrado após a primeira colheita de amostra um frasco de 500 ml de cálcio intravenoso e dois bolus de cálcio oral Bovikalc®.
Devido ao tamanho da amostra não foi possível obter conclusões quanto à diferença entre grupos, embora tenha sido possível verificar que no grupo de controlo, ocorreu uma descida acentuada dos níveis de cálcio ao contrário do grupo de tratamento, a média dos valores de cálcio observados no grupo de tratamento desceram de 6,66 mg/dL na primeira amostra para 6,63 mg/dL na segunda amostra, já no de controlo desceu de 7,07 mg/dL na primeira amostra para 6,62 mg/dL na segunda amostra. Foi também possível ter uma ideia do panorama atual da exploração no que respeita os níveis de cálcio. Relativamente às alterações secundárias consequentes dos níveis baixos de cálcio, não foi possível a comparação entre grupos, devido à pouca diferença existente entre os níveis de cálcio dos mesmos e ao tamanho da amostra, sendo também apenas possível analisar a situação atual da exploração, em que se
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observou hipocalcémia clínica em 7,3%, mastite em 51,2%, metrite em 12,2% e cetose em 4,9% das vacas em estudo. Encontrando-se os casos de metrite e cetose abaixo dos valores estipulados, ao contrário dos casos de hipocalcémia clinica e mastite.
Palavras-chave: Cálcio, Período de Transição, Hipocalcémia, Vacas de leite.
The transition period it’s a critical period for the dairy cow, and one of the reasons is the test to their calcium level homeostatic mechanisms, that have to compete with the necessity of calcium for the lactation, namely the colostrum, which is rich in calcium. These changes in calcium levels also have physiological and clinical consequences, leading to huge economic losses. For prevention, there are many protocols used, the protocol used in this study was the administration peripartum of two bolus of oral calcium Bovikalc®. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of the oral calcium administration after parturition in the serological values, measuring them, collected soon after parturition and 24 hours after and verifying their concordance with the values stipulated by the literature. Also correlate those values with the occurrence of other changes, as changes in mean production, ketosis, metritis and mastitis, evaluating their influence, comparing them with the existing literature and between the two groups. The population (n=41) in study came from a dairy in Ribatejo, during the period between June 16th and October 31th of 2015. They were divided in two groups, the control group (n=21), in which the samples were collected soon after parturition and another one 24 hours past that, but soon after the first sample was collected it was administered a bottle of 500ml of intravenous calcium. In the study group (n=20) the samples were also collected soon after parturition and after 24 hours, but it was administered a bottle of 500 ml of intravenous calcium and two bolus of oral calcium Bovikalc® soon after the first sample was collected. Due to the sample size it wasn’t possible to draw conclusions as to the difference between the two groups, although it was possible to verify that in the control group there was a sharp drop in calcium levels, unlike the study group, the observed mean of the calcium values in the study group fell from 6,66 mg/dL in the first sample to 6,63 mg/dL in the second sample, in the control group they fell from 7,07 mg/dL in the first sample to 6,62 mg/dL in the second sample. It was also possible to get an idea of the current state of the dairy, as regards the calcium levels. Relatively to the secondary alterations due to the low levels of calcium, it wasn’t possible to compare the two groups, due to the size of the sample and the few variations between groups, it was also only possible to analyse the current state of the dairy.
The transition period it’s a critical period for the dairy cow, and one of the reasons is the test to their calcium level homeostatic mechanisms, that have to compete with the necessity of calcium for the lactation, namely the colostrum, which is rich in calcium. These changes in calcium levels also have physiological and clinical consequences, leading to huge economic losses. For prevention, there are many protocols used, the protocol used in this study was the administration peripartum of two bolus of oral calcium Bovikalc®. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of the oral calcium administration after parturition in the serological values, measuring them, collected soon after parturition and 24 hours after and verifying their concordance with the values stipulated by the literature. Also correlate those values with the occurrence of other changes, as changes in mean production, ketosis, metritis and mastitis, evaluating their influence, comparing them with the existing literature and between the two groups. The population (n=41) in study came from a dairy in Ribatejo, during the period between June 16th and October 31th of 2015. They were divided in two groups, the control group (n=21), in which the samples were collected soon after parturition and another one 24 hours past that, but soon after the first sample was collected it was administered a bottle of 500ml of intravenous calcium. In the study group (n=20) the samples were also collected soon after parturition and after 24 hours, but it was administered a bottle of 500 ml of intravenous calcium and two bolus of oral calcium Bovikalc® soon after the first sample was collected. Due to the sample size it wasn’t possible to draw conclusions as to the difference between the two groups, although it was possible to verify that in the control group there was a sharp drop in calcium levels, unlike the study group, the observed mean of the calcium values in the study group fell from 6,66 mg/dL in the first sample to 6,63 mg/dL in the second sample, in the control group they fell from 7,07 mg/dL in the first sample to 6,62 mg/dL in the second sample. It was also possible to get an idea of the current state of the dairy, as regards the calcium levels. Relatively to the secondary alterations due to the low levels of calcium, it wasn’t possible to compare the two groups, due to the size of the sample and the few variations between groups, it was also only possible to analyse the current state of the dairy.
Descrição
Orientação :
João Ribeiro Lima ; co-orientação : João Guilherme dos Santos Paisana
Palavras-chave
MESTRADO INTEGRADO EM MEDICINA VETERINÁRIA, VETERINÁRIA, GADO LEITEIRO, CÁLCIO, SUPLEMENTOS ALIMENTARES, DAIRY CATTLE, CALCIUM, DIETARY SUPPLEMENT, PUERPÉRIO, PUERPERIUM, MEDICINA VETERINÁRIA, VETERINARY MEDICINE