Criminalidade feminina : características de personalidade e experiências de adversidade
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2023
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Enquadramento: Existe uma escassez de estudos, particularmente a nível nacional, sobre as práticas criminais femininas, sendo que é possível perceber que determinadas caraterísticas da personalidade e experiências de adversidade são fatores que apresentam uma ligação aos comportamentos e atitudes antissociais, e consequentemente à criminalidade. Contudo, existem ainda poucos estudos que procurem analisar simultaneamente o papel destas duas dimensões na criminalidade feminina. Objetivo: Analisar se as mulheres que praticaram crimes violentos e não violentos apresentam uma história de adversidade na infância e como se caraterizam em termos de personalidade, de modo a melhor compreender e analisar esta problemática. Método: O estudo contempla uma amostra de 138 reclusas condenadas por crimes violentos e não violentos. Administrou-se um questionário sociodemográfico e criminal, Questionário de Trauma de Infância – Versão Breve e Escala Breve de Personalidade. Foram realizadas regressões logísticas hierárquicas para análise dos dados. Resultados: Elevada extroversão parece estar associada ao aumento da possibilidade de se cometer um crime violento, enquanto a possibilidade de se cometer violência criminal diminui com o aumento do abuso emocional e da abertura à experiência, sendo que as variações observadas na possibilidade de se cometer um crime violento são superiores no caso das características de personalidade. Ademais, o efeito cumulativo de vários tipos de maltrato na infância não é um preditor significativo de violência criminal feminina. Conclusão: Neste estudo, a possibilidade de perpetração de um crime violento parece estar mais relacionada com caraterísticas de personalidade do que coma adversidade sofrida na infância. Mais particularmente, o aumento da possibilidade de se cometer um crime violento associa-se com elevada extroversão, reduzida abertura à experiência e reduzido abuso emocional, embora este último tenha um menor impacto.
Background: There’s a lack of studies, particularly at the national level, on female criminal practices, and it’s possible to perceive that certain personality characteristics and adversities throughout life are factors that are linked to antisocial behaviours and attitudes, and consequently to criminality. However, there are still few studies that seek to simultaneously analyse the role of these two dimensions in female crime. Objective: Analyse whether women who committed violent and non-violent crimes have a history of childhood adversity and how they are characterized in terms of personality, in order to better understand and analyse this problematic. Method: The study includes a sample of 138 female inmates convicted of violent and non-violent crimes. A sociodemographic and criminal questionnaire, Childhood Trauma Questionnaire – Short Version and Ten-Item Personality Inventory were administered. Hierarchical logistic regressions were performed for data analysis. Results: High extroversion seems to be associated with an increase in the possibility of committing a violent crime, while the possibility of committing criminal violence decreases with the increase in emotional abuse and openness to experience, with the variations observed in the possibility of committing a crime. Violent crimes are superior in the case of personality characteristics. Furthermore, the cumulative effect of various types of child abuse is not significant for female criminal violence. Conclusion: In this study, the possibility of perpetrating a violent crime seems to be more related to personality characteristics than to the adversity suffered in childhood. More particularly, increased likelihood of committing a violent crime is associated with increased extroversion, reduced openness to experience, and reduced emotional abuse, although the latter has a lower impact.
Background: There’s a lack of studies, particularly at the national level, on female criminal practices, and it’s possible to perceive that certain personality characteristics and adversities throughout life are factors that are linked to antisocial behaviours and attitudes, and consequently to criminality. However, there are still few studies that seek to simultaneously analyse the role of these two dimensions in female crime. Objective: Analyse whether women who committed violent and non-violent crimes have a history of childhood adversity and how they are characterized in terms of personality, in order to better understand and analyse this problematic. Method: The study includes a sample of 138 female inmates convicted of violent and non-violent crimes. A sociodemographic and criminal questionnaire, Childhood Trauma Questionnaire – Short Version and Ten-Item Personality Inventory were administered. Hierarchical logistic regressions were performed for data analysis. Results: High extroversion seems to be associated with an increase in the possibility of committing a violent crime, while the possibility of committing criminal violence decreases with the increase in emotional abuse and openness to experience, with the variations observed in the possibility of committing a crime. Violent crimes are superior in the case of personality characteristics. Furthermore, the cumulative effect of various types of child abuse is not significant for female criminal violence. Conclusion: In this study, the possibility of perpetrating a violent crime seems to be more related to personality characteristics than to the adversity suffered in childhood. More particularly, increased likelihood of committing a violent crime is associated with increased extroversion, reduced openness to experience, and reduced emotional abuse, although the latter has a lower impact.
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Orientação: Ana Rita Conde Dias
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MESTRADO EM PSICOLOGIA, PSICOLOGIA, PSYCHOLOGY, CRIMINALIDADE FEMININA, FEMALE CRIMINALITY, ADVERSIDADE, ADVERSITY, PERSONALIDADE, PERSONALITY, CRIMES VIOLENTOS, VIOLENT CRIMES, CRIMES NÃO VIOLENTOS, NON-VIOLENT CRIMES