Caracterização ecográficas de corpos estranhos e impactações alimentares no trato gastrointestinal em animais de companhia
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2013
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A ecografia tem vindo a ser amplamente utilizada na avaliação do trato gastrintestinal (GI) em animais de companhia, sendo a técnica de eleição na pesquisa de corpos estranhos (CE). Para a sua interpretação é importante conhecer em detalhe a anatomia do trato GI e os sinais ecográficos de doença GI, em particular os associados à presença de CE.
Neste trabalho pretendeu-se caracterizar ecograficamente os vários tipos de CE no trato GI, na tentativa de os identificar, bem como apresentar os principais tipos de padrões alimentares no trato GI, de modo a diferenciá-los de potenciais CE.
Foram compilados, num estudo retrospetivo, vários exemplos de CE encontrados no trato GI. Os seus padrões acústicos foram revistos e analisados por um médico veterinário experiente em ecografia e classificados de acordo com o seu tipo de interface, ecogenicidade e a sua origem (alimentar, não alimentar e mista). Foram, também, compilados e analisados os padrões acústicos de vários alimentos no trato GI. Por último, foram realizados estudos ecográficos em gelatina dos principais CE’s e alimentos observados no lúmen gástrico, tendo os seus padrões ecográficos sido registados.
A análise dos dados recolhidos permitiu realçar a importância não só das características ecográficas de um CE no trato GI para a delimitação da lista de possibilidades da sua origem, como do reconhecimento dos padrões ecográficos da comida no estômago e sua diferenciação de potenciais CE’s de modo a recomendar o correto procedimento clínico.
Ultrasound has been widely used in the evaluation of small animal gastrointestinal tract (GI), and is becoming the elective technique in the search of foreign bodies (FB). For its interpretation, is important to know in detail the anatomy of the GI tract and sonographic signs of GI disease, particularly those associated with the presence of a FB. This work aims to ultrasonographic characterize the various types of FB in the GI tract, in an attempt to identify them, as well as presenting the main types of food patterns in the GI tract, in order to differentiate them from potential FB. Several examples of FBs in the GI tract, were compiled in a retrospective study. Their acoustic patterns were reviewed and analyzed by a veterinarian experienced in ultrasound and classified accordingly to their type of interface, echogenicity and its origin (food, non-food and mixed). The acoustic patterns of various foods in the GI tract were also reported and analyzed. Ultrasound studies in gelatin were also performed with FB and food frequently observed in the gastric lumen; their sonographic patterns were analyzed and registered. The analysis of the collected data highlighted the importance of the sonographic characteristics of an GI foreign body, in delimiting the list of possibilities for its origin. Also, it showed the importance to recognize the sonographic patterns of food in the stomach, in order to differentiate it from potential FB, and recommend the correct clinical approach.
Ultrasound has been widely used in the evaluation of small animal gastrointestinal tract (GI), and is becoming the elective technique in the search of foreign bodies (FB). For its interpretation, is important to know in detail the anatomy of the GI tract and sonographic signs of GI disease, particularly those associated with the presence of a FB. This work aims to ultrasonographic characterize the various types of FB in the GI tract, in an attempt to identify them, as well as presenting the main types of food patterns in the GI tract, in order to differentiate them from potential FB. Several examples of FBs in the GI tract, were compiled in a retrospective study. Their acoustic patterns were reviewed and analyzed by a veterinarian experienced in ultrasound and classified accordingly to their type of interface, echogenicity and its origin (food, non-food and mixed). The acoustic patterns of various foods in the GI tract were also reported and analyzed. Ultrasound studies in gelatin were also performed with FB and food frequently observed in the gastric lumen; their sonographic patterns were analyzed and registered. The analysis of the collected data highlighted the importance of the sonographic characteristics of an GI foreign body, in delimiting the list of possibilities for its origin. Also, it showed the importance to recognize the sonographic patterns of food in the stomach, in order to differentiate it from potential FB, and recommend the correct clinical approach.
Descrição
Orientação : Margarida Alves ; co-orientação : Luís Resende
Palavras-chave
MESTRADO INTEGRADO EM MEDICINA VETERINÁRIA, VETERINÁRIA, ANIMAIS DE COMPANHIA, ECOGRAFIAS, COMPANION ANIMALS, ULTRASOUND SCANS, SISTEMA DIGESTIVO, DIGESTIVE SYSTEM, CORPOS ESTRANHOS, FOREIGN BODIES, MEDICINA VETERINÁRIA, VETERINARY MEDICINE, LESÕES, INJURIES