Revista Lusófona de Arquitectura e Educação nº 11 (2014)
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Item Design as a key for understanding, a pretext for action, a synthesis of knowledge(Edições Universitárias Lusófonas, 2014) Frazão, Marta Felicidade Mateus; Escola de Comunicação, Arquitetura, Artes e Tecnologias da InformaçãoThis paper considers the current investigation under the context of a PhD thesis.The research theme focuses on exploring possible strategies to promote and empower the Rural Territory, through the historical and cultural use of springs with therapeutic properties, in Baixo Alentejo region of Mértola, where we observe a significant concentration of bathing places, which are nowadays in a declining process.This research explores and considers the connection and complementarity between theoretical and operational field, the narrative and design, the thinking process and possible action. The main purpose of this paper is to identify some of the mechanisms and working methods that have been adopted, with special focus on the‘diagram’, understood as an essential design tool and therefore a graphic instrument that organises information, activates thinking and stimulates unexpected possibilities for action.Item A passage in action research(Edições Universitárias Lusófonas, 2014) Coxito, António; Escola de Comunicação, Arquitetura, Artes e Tecnologias da InformaçãoWith different conditions and levels, one can find in contemporary wealthy societies potential situations for the intervention of the architect where it is assumed an intentional avoidance of their presence, that can result in squats, ecovillages or many unnoticed who seek autonomy from something or someone.While in a theoretical research on architecture without architects a systematic enquiry can be produced without taking the part of the subject, in practice based research on the same subject, to keep its character can result in an artifact not validvis-a-vis the architects practice, albeit presenting the printed document with the appropriate tools and methods for an academic research.In the present research it is simulated a situation of scarcity, including the absence ofthe presence of the architects skills.Item Craftsmanship in Architecture(Edições Universitárias Lusófonas, 2014) Herres, Uli Matthias; ECATI - School of Communication, Architecture, Arts and Information TechnologiesIn my dissertation at the ETH Zurich and the Lucerne University of Applied Sciences and Arts, I examine the role that crafted production of buildings plays for architectural space. A crucial point is the question of specific forms of knowledge. On the one hand, both craftsmanship and architectural design rely heavily on tacit forms of knowledge (skills, experience) in addition to communicable knowledge. Secondly,the erection of built architecture can be seen as a system of distributed knowledge,where the transfer of knowledge from the architect towards the craftspeople is crucial for the successful implementation of an architectural concept into physical space. The methodology includes the investigation of case study buildings. One aspect of the survey could be named "Reverse Design". Here, the process of the making of a building is re-experienced to be able to consciously reflect upon design decisions and problem-solving strategies. One aim is to make aspects of the tacit knowledge (experience) of the construction process communicable.Item Learning from Markethall(Edições Universitárias Lusófonas, 2014) Keppl, Julián; Sichman, Martin; Síp, Lukás; Escola de Comunicação, Arquitetura, Artes e Tecnologias da InformaçãoFaculty of Architecture in cooperation student studio project. Its main topic of Old Market hall in Bratislava. Objective operational and social qualities to this work ranged from analytical to the realization 1:1 scale or prototypes of critical details signed architectural interventions, solved quently constructed those details in the tails often resulted in the change of studio aimed at promoting active working the design process.Item Research by Design : Research through Design(Edições Universitárias Lusófonas, 2014) Geissbühler, Dieter; Escola de Comunicação, Arquitetura, Artes e Tecnologias da InformaçãoThis paper is to be read in context with the paper of Uli Herres (next paper in this journal), since the two explain the handling of specific forms of knowledge in the Master of Arts in Architecture course at the Lucerne University of Applied Sciences and Arts and in the related Research Group Material Structure Energy in Architecture.Research by Design is established in the curricula of teaching as well as in research ondifferent levels from regular teaching in architecture to the PhD program. The interaction is a two directional, meaning that teaching influences research as research influences teaching. The concept of combining theory and practice in the Master of Arts in Architecture course at the HSLU – T&A forms the basis of the concept of research by design as applied by the Research Group Material Structure Energy in Architecture.The Master course in architecture is directly linked to the work of the Research Group,a request that has been stated by the governmental guidelines for the introduction of a master program in architecture at the universities of applied sciences in Switzerland.The University of Applied sciences and Arts Lucerne took this opportunity to establish a model that introduces the interaction of design methods with scientific methods in three steps. The basis is set with a distinct content linked to the credo “building as system” of the Department Technique and Architecture. This meant a clear focusing on issues directly linked to the design of buildingsItem Outside the category(Edições Universitárias Lusófonas, 2014) Bang, Jacob Sebastian; Escola de Comunicação, Arquitetura, Artes e Tecnologias da InformaçãoIt is a recurring theme in my research to establish collections of study models and to find ways of decoding, transforming and representing them in drawings and as new models. The models are “outside the category”: pure form and architectural potential -“prior to an idea”. To become architectural ideas, they must be decoded in drawings in order to be dissolved into architectural signs and rules.Item Experimentation as a method, the project as a production of knowledge : theory and practice according to Buckminster Fuller(Edições Universitárias Lusófonas, 2014) Nourrigat, Elodie; ECATI - School of Communication, Architecture, Arts and Information TechnologiesResearch by design opens on two news fields regarding research. On the one hand, it is about the specifics methods through the project design as a place of research, onthe other; it is about the knowledge production which is possible by the way of the project itself which is neither a research object nor finality. The basic postulate is that the knowledge production by design project is possible thank to the experimentation.This method seems to be more empirical than scientific which is, after all, common to several disciplines as physics, astrophysics… The method is in experimentation,conception and knowledge production in the project. As Buckminster Fuller projects show, thanks to his Dymaxion Chronolife, place of consignment of his experimentations and projects, that he realizes the constitution of used and usable knowledge.Item Different reflections of architectural knowledge on design(Edições Universitárias Lusófonas, 2014) Dursun, Pelin; Avci, Ozan; Saglamer, Gülsün; Escola de Comunicação, Arquitetura, Artes e Tecnologias da InformaçãoDesign in architecture starts by understanding dynamics of a context and by decoding the knowledge of place where the space will be created. These are then transformed into spatial concepts and end with spatial formations. Subjective knowledge that is especially enhanced by the experiences of the architect and scientific knowledge come together to lead this design process. The aim of this study is to reveal how architects from different cultures produce knowledge of space and the ways of transforming this knowledge into design process. Different architectural reflections of this knowledge are illuminated by the design proposals of architecture students from two different countries. Comparative evaluations focusing on the student worksare considered as an instructive process for architects that make indiscernible discernible, vary the possibilities and by this way enhance their own architectural knowledge.Item The experience of a pioneer research program in architecture in Évora(Edições Universitárias Lusófonas, 2014) Salema, Sofia; Soares, João; Rivera, Jorge Croce; Escola de Comunicação, Arquitetura, Artes e Tecnologias da InformaçãoThree years ago the University of Évora implemented a research PhD program in architecture. Generally a doctorate in architecture has been an academic title awarded to architects who present a theoretical dissertation; however, for us, as a young but promising school of architecture it was just natural that a project (as a methodology,a process of knowledge or simulation of a hypothesis) could be part of an advanced research in architecture. Thus, we started with this doctoral program seeking toquestion the current model of PhD programs and to established a new pioneering paradigm syllabus in the national context with the intention to reach the international arena During the course syllabus the project lab integrates the formulation of a theoretical hypothesis (a conjecture), that becomes an architectural design, which is unique, but simultaneously an universal knowledge. The program already had two editions were PhD students have been encouraged to develop advanced research and to foster interaction between the theoretical and architecture production. Currently no research has yet finished. Students, although much interested in this type of research, are divided in their approach to architectureas a theoretical, speculative and critical field, and to architecture as a field of research. Students and teachers are interested in research that develops their architecture design skills, as a relevant process of advancement knowledge in architecture.We believe that PhD syllabus will contribute to demystify and implement the concept of advanced studies in architecture, based on architectural research. This paper will share some of the ideas, doubts, and results of our PhD program.Item The relational space: designing new urban hinges in suspended edge places(Edições Universitárias Lusófonas, 2014) Aquilar, Giorgia; Escola de Comunicação, Arquitetura, Artes e Tecnologias da InformaçãoThe research on tentative strategies for designing spaces which reveal themselves as relational, choral, shared, participated, gains new meanings and renovated urgencies under the changing conditions of contemporary architectures, landscapes and cities.Object of inquiry is the complex whole of transitional spaces, intermediate places,suspended fragments hovering among different morphological, historical, social contexts, expressing unexplored potentialities as new urban hinges. These mediatedjoint-spaces – acting as relational devices – provide the opportunity to reflect on theovercoming of the traditional theme of public urban space. Therefore the sustained hypothesis resides in the turning of the idea of "relation" from a conceptual device –for the interpretation of space quality – into a strategic tool with multiple methodological values, whose implications may be investigated through the concrete experience of the project.Item Research and practice: full-size practical constructions for the development of innovative lithic prototypes(Edições Universitárias Lusófonas, 2014) Fallacara, Giuseppe; Calabria, Claudia; Escola de Comunicação, Arquitetura, Artes e Tecnologias da InformaçãoThe construction of full scale architectural elements has the double purpose of experimental control for researchers and teaching resource for students. In the first case model allows to make an experimental verification, creating a reference point to confirm or refute the starting hypothesis. The second function makes possible to stimulate students’ way of thinking, involving both abstract and concrete design aspects. This link between research, teaching and practice of construction is shown in various examples. This relation represents a necessary element in order to successfully proceed in the advance of architectural experimentation.Item Material experimentation in Peter Zumthor’s creative process: research design through material inquiry(Edições Universitárias Lusófonas, 2014) Ventura, Susana; ECATI - School of Communication, Architecture, Arts and Information TechnologiesMaterial experimentation in Peter Zumthor’s creative process seeks to explain the different materials experimentations present in the creative process of Peter Zumthor which lead him to the final work of architecture, resulting in his atmospheres.Experimentation processes are mainly characteristic of avant-garde architectures that develop new forms of thought in architecture design, however mainly through form paradigms and models. Nonetheless, Zumthor has been inquiring and creating experimental processes through material composition, rooted in the work of land artists such as Joseph Beuys or Mario Merz, that imply the overall design of the final work of architecture. The present paper explain several experimental processes present in a series of Peter Zumthor’s works, with an important focus to the design process of the Serpentine Summer Pavilion during 2011, one of the works the author has accompanied Zumthor during its process of creation during her PhD research.Item Architectural design research through cinematic collage(Edições Universitárias Lusófonas, 2014) Troiani, Igea; Carless, Tonia; ECATI - School of Communication, Architecture, Arts and Information TechnologiesThis essay argues that cinematic representation can, and must, be understood as a method of developing a form of critical architectural enquiry and thinking in the same manner as text - a textual analysis and a communication means for practice-based research. The proposition is that cinematic architectural drawing and the discourse of occupied space are inseparable and that the limits of both are products of specific ideological and cultural practices. In this essay, two different bodies of iterative cinematic collage research practice are considered. Both sets of representations present new rigorously created architectural design knowledge and refer to the contention by Claude Lévis-Strauss (1966/1962:16-17) that the practice of the bricoleur, understood here as architect-bricoleur, is in marked contrast to the measurable output of the scientist, or architectural design scientist.Item Learning from actor network theory: bridging the gap between research in science and research by design(Edições Universitárias Lusófonas, 2014) Bradbury, Simon; ECATI - School of Communication, Architecture, Arts and Information TechnologiesThis paper explores how an alternative understanding of the development ofscientific knowledge through the work of Bruno Latour can help to bridge the gapbetween knowledge produced through practice-based research and conventionalresearch outputs.The paper reviews the history of the debate of what constitutes practice-basedresearch outputs drawing from the work of Frayling (1993) and Archer (1995). Anunderstanding of practice-based research is developed that goes beyond a simplisticview of a building or artefact as a research output or “mute object” (Till 2012).This is considered in the context of the work of Bruno Latour (1987, 2005) and otherswho have tried to show how the construction of scientific facts is produced as afunction of both the ‘objects’ and ‘social’ context of science.Through reviewing practice-based research submissions from RAE 2008 the paperexplores how we may re-conceive both the normative models of research outputs(peer reviewed academic papers) and the products of architecture practice (buildingsand artefacts) and conceive them both as part of the same network of knowledgeproduction. This is then discussed in the practical context of a practice-based research project into low energy housing.In doing so the paper suggest this new understanding will elevate the importance ofrigorous practice-based research while overcoming the challenges faced inconventional research in the constant desire to show impact from research projects.Item For from design and through design and for design are all things(Edições Universitárias Lusófonas, 2014) Sequeira, Marta; Escola de Comunicação, Arquitetura, Artes e Tecnologias da InformaçãoAcademic research in architecture has mainly become a theoretical activity driven away from its subject’s core, focusing in complementary fields. Analytical investigations are common – concerning historical character, theoretical, constructive or technological – as well as propositional thesis – mainly regarding construction and technology. Yet, you can find much investigation in this scientific area, which find its significance in other domains. However, project-based theses in architecture, in which there are no antagonism or exclusion between theory and practice but rather promote complementarity, are quite scarce. This paper aims to answer the question that seems natural and consistent with the above scenario: how can we define a new paradigm, in which architecture would be understood and portrayed as a system for producing and spreading knowledge?Item Considering the diagram and design research(Edições Universitárias Lusófonas, 2014) Burke, Anthony; ECATI - School of Communication, Architecture, Arts and Information TechnologiesWhile there has been much written on the role of the drawing in architecture as aform of re-presentation and reflective practice, this paper argues that the diagram asa specific graphic type, is an essential generative component of design research and central to claims for innovation or the production of new knowledge through contemporary design, yet not understood in the context of design research moregenerally. As an abstract and highly idiosyncratic form of notation, the diagramuniquely situates innovation within visual forms of enquiry. This paper speculates onhow diagrams communicate, both internally to the discipline and externally to newextra-disciplinary research fields as a function of innovation, and in this sense, whatwork in terms of design research they do.Item From interpretation of the site to the project: a proposal for the rock art of the Tagus Valley(Edições Universitárias Lusófonas, 2014) Benjamim, Mário Monteiro; Escola de Comunicação, Arquitetura, Artes e Tecnologias da InformaçãoAn artificial intervention in the landscape, like the immersion of a large area by areservoir, not only implies the obvious change in the usefulness of a resource, it can also dramatically affect the site by concealing the human legacy, landscape and patrimonial heritage, however important to the understanding of its historical makeup. The research we developed has the purpose to conceive strategies to expose therock art of the Tagus Valley, which has been immersed by the construction of theFratel dam on 1974, and the subsequent filling of the reservoir. These strategiespertain to a more extensive scope of intervention, where the engravings become acohesive part of the current landscape, creating new usages for the premises and newopportunities for regional development. It is in this context that we find thepossibility to validate a theoretical model of in-project research, through a concreteproposal of intervention; proposal that, in addition to being an experiment in design,will allow us to correct strategic methodologies and to progressively perfect thetheoretical model itself.Item Manipulations in the abstract space(Edições Universitárias Lusófonas, 2014) Schurk, Holger; Escola de Comunicação, Arquitetura, Artes e Tecnologias da InformaçãoAt the centre of the examinations presented here are the interaction processes taking place at the interface between theory and form in the design process effectuated by means of intermediate media – most of all drawings – in the sphere of geometry. A decisive role is assigned to abstraction, allowing to locate graphic representations at the threshold between the projection of a structural model and the notation of an imagined model. A graphic study based on the design drawings created by the architecture office OMA/Rem Koolhaas are applied here as an example in order to describe and investigate this interface. In the process the drawings are manipulatedin a hybrid procedure consisting of manoeuvres determined by rules on one hand and free operations on the other. The examination method thus stands in direct analogy to the hybrid character of the design process itself.Item The city walls. an old theme for new urban spaces(Edições Universitárias Lusófonas, 2014) Miano, Pasquale; ECATI - School of Communication, Architecture, Arts and Information TechnologiesThe walls of the historic cities have always been an occasion to reason about urbanopen spaces. Suffice it to think at the ancient settlements, where the areas excludedby the fence walls then became indeterminate urban places, object of subsequentfilling operations. For a long time, the theme of the conservation of the city walls hasprevailed over the issues of dejection and the cycles of ring roads, charactering theXIX century and the first half of the XX century. Yet, this recurring theme oftenproduces conservative actions for their own sake, in which the relics of the rampartsare surrounded by narrow and pointless gardens: a new form of insulation, that -when does not result in intentionally physical seclusion - at least so appears at theconceptual level, especially when the walls have been preserved for partial fragments.Today the necessity to take a step forward is strongly felt, rethinking about thespaces of the walls according to new processing and content, in which the city wallsresume to play a proactive role.Item The Ouroborus Serpent - The memory in architecture: from the uterine size of the primordial home and the birth of the architectural creation to the object memories(Edições Universitárias Lusófonas, 2014) Nunes, José Carlos Duarte Rodrigues Avelãs; ECATI - School of Communication, Architecture, Arts and Information TechnologiesThe architecture’s memory is the primordial soup to the creative act of architecturaldesign. We intend to demonstrate that the architect uses a "drawer of the stored",standing on "manufactured" or "living" channels and whose creation is notspontaneous, but the result of life experiences and experiences of their consciousnessof the reality, intrinsic to his intellectual maturity. In this regard, examples andcommunication paradigms are presented in the creative process - from the ideaembodiment - until the evolution of these two time marks, and which are shownchangeable and subject to external and more complex readings, in addition to theshift on communication of these processes by the architects and designers. Insummary, in this article those issues will be considered with analysis of visions andproposals of the architects Álvaro Siza Vieira and Oscar Niemeyer and their works