Os ‘Anawim’ de deus : “os pobres de espírito” no Novo Testamento e sua influência na teologia da Madre Teresa de Calcutá
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2023
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Esta dissertação propõe investigar os ‘Anawim’ de Deus, ou ‘os pobres de espírito’, com especial enfoque no Novo Testamento, temática que é frequentemente equivocada como referindo-se exclusivamente aos pobres economicamente. A análise evidencia que Jesus, ao personificar o verdadeiro ‘anaw’ dos ‘anawim’, clarifica esta distinção e amplia a compreensão do termo, elevando-o a uma característica essencial para a entrada no reino dos céus. Além disso, Jesus ensina e incentiva os seus discípulos na prática do amor e da caridade, em obediência aos seus mandamentos. Estudar a trajetória dos ‘anawim’ de Deus, os seus desafios e conquistas, confirma que o ensino e o exemplo de Jesus Cristo projetam uma imagem de simplicidade e despojamento. Os discípulos foram co-participantes do trabalho desenvolvido por Jesus aos pobres e deram seguimento aos seus ensinamentos.O apóstolo Paulo, cuja vida foi transformada ao tornar-se um ‘anawim’, enfatiza em várias das suas epístolas a importância do cuidado para com os pobres. Este estudo explora também as influências dos ‘anawim’ de Deus na teologia de Madre Teresa de Calcutá. Reconhecida internacionalmente como a mãe dos pobres, Madre Teresa, através da sua fé e trabalho social, fundou a organização Missionárias da Caridade em Calcutá. Através desta organização e de inúmeros voluntários, tem prestado assistência a pobres e enfermos em diversos países, influenciando e ajudando muitas pessoas, independentemente da religião, raça ou classe social. Esta dissertação, portanto, busca não apenas elucidar a verdadeira essência dos ‘anawim’, mas também demonstrar o impacto duradouro dos seus princípios na prática da caridade cristã ao longo da história, com particular ênfase na vida e obra de figuras influentes como os apóstolo, Paulo, Dorcas e Madre Teresa de Calcutá. Palavras- chaves: Anawim de Deus, pobres de espírito, Novo Testamento, madre
This dissertation proposes to investigate God's 'Anawim', or 'the poor in spirit', with a special focus on the New Testament, a theme that is often mistaken as referring exclusively to the economically poor. The analysis shows that Jesus, by personifying the true 'anaw' of the 'anawim', clarifies this distinction and broadens the understanding of the term, elevating it to an essential characteristic for entry into the kingdom of heaven. Furthermore, Jesus teaches and encourages his disciples to practice love and charity, in obedience to his commandments. Studying the trajectory of God's 'anawim', their challenges and achievements, confirms that the teaching and example of Jesus Christ project an image of simplicity and simplicity. The disciples were co-participants in the work carried out by Jesus for the poor and continued his teachings. The apostle Paul, whose life was transformed by becoming an 'anawim', emphasizes in several of his epistles the importance of caring for others poor. This study also explores the influences of God’s ‘anawim’ on the theology of Mother Teresa of Calcutta. Internationally recognized as the mother of the poor, Mother Teresa, through her faith and social work, founded the Missionaries of Charity organization in Calcutta. Through this organization and countless volunteers, it has provided assistance to the poor and sick in several countries, influencing and helping many people, regardless of religion, race or social class. This dissertation, therefore, seeks not only to elucidate the true essence of 'anawim', but also to demonstrate the lasting impact of its principles on the practice of Christian charity throughout history, with particular emphasis on the life and work of influential figures such as the apostles, Paulo, Dorcas and Mother Teresa of Calcutta. Keywords: Anawim of God, poor in spirit, new testament, mother Teresa of Calcutta
This dissertation proposes to investigate God's 'Anawim', or 'the poor in spirit', with a special focus on the New Testament, a theme that is often mistaken as referring exclusively to the economically poor. The analysis shows that Jesus, by personifying the true 'anaw' of the 'anawim', clarifies this distinction and broadens the understanding of the term, elevating it to an essential characteristic for entry into the kingdom of heaven. Furthermore, Jesus teaches and encourages his disciples to practice love and charity, in obedience to his commandments. Studying the trajectory of God's 'anawim', their challenges and achievements, confirms that the teaching and example of Jesus Christ project an image of simplicity and simplicity. The disciples were co-participants in the work carried out by Jesus for the poor and continued his teachings. The apostle Paul, whose life was transformed by becoming an 'anawim', emphasizes in several of his epistles the importance of caring for others poor. This study also explores the influences of God’s ‘anawim’ on the theology of Mother Teresa of Calcutta. Internationally recognized as the mother of the poor, Mother Teresa, through her faith and social work, founded the Missionaries of Charity organization in Calcutta. Through this organization and countless volunteers, it has provided assistance to the poor and sick in several countries, influencing and helping many people, regardless of religion, race or social class. This dissertation, therefore, seeks not only to elucidate the true essence of 'anawim', but also to demonstrate the lasting impact of its principles on the practice of Christian charity throughout history, with particular emphasis on the life and work of influential figures such as the apostles, Paulo, Dorcas and Mother Teresa of Calcutta. Keywords: Anawim of God, poor in spirit, new testament, mother Teresa of Calcutta
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RELIGION, CATHOLIC RELIGION, NEW TESTAMENT, SOCIAL WELFARE CHARITIES, HISTORY OF CHRISTIANITY, POVERTY, MESTRADO EM CIÊNCIA DAS RELIGIÕES, RELIGIÃO, RELIGIÃO CATÓLICA, NOVO TESTAMENTO, INSTITUIÇÕES DE SOLIDARIEDADE SOCIAL, HISTÓRIA DO CRISTIANISMO, POBREZA, Mestrado em Ciência das Religiões