Atividade física, tempo sedentário e risco cardiometabólico na adolescência
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2021
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A prática regular de atividade física tem vindo a ser demonstrada como uma estratégia extremamente eficaz para o controlo e prevenção de risco cardiometabólico e diminuição de tempo sedentário. Parte considerável das crianças e adolescentes tem adotado comportamentos sedentários e subsequentemente prevalência elevada de risco cardiometabólico. Porém, a combinação do comportamento sedentário com atividade física pode originar padrões comportamentais com efeitos exclusivos e diferentes implicações à saúde. O presente estudo reporta a dados do estudo prospetivo LabMed Physical Activity Study, e teve como objetivo, verificar a associação entre a combinação do tempo sedentário e da atividade física e a saúde cardiometabólica. A amostra do estudo foi constituída por 442 adolescentes, dos 13 aos 15 anos, com 228 (54%) do sexo feminino e 194 (46%) do sexo masculino. O método utilizado para avaliar o tempo sedentário e a atividade física foi o acelerómetro e para o risco cardiometabólico um score foi construído para somar os z-score de todos os fatores de risco. Quanto ao risco cardiometabólico, 31,8% dos adolescentes apresentavam risco elevado. Não se verificaram diferenças estatisticamente significativas na prevalência do risco cardiometabólico de acordo com a combinação entre o tempo sedentário e a atividade física moderada a vigorosa e o tempo sedentário e a atividade física vigorosa em ambos os sexos (p>0,05). Após ajuste para as variáveis confundidoras, verificou-se que os adolescentes com elevado tempo sedentário e elevada atividade física vigorosa, vigorosa tiveram um maior odds de risco cardiometabólico comparativamente com os adolescentes com baixo tempo sedentário e elevada atividade física vigorosa (OR: 1,934, IC 95%: 1,036-3,611, p=0,038). Não se verificaram associações significativas entre as restantes combinações do tempo sedentário e atividade física com o risco cardiometabólico. A importância de prevenção e monitorização com a combinação do aumento da atividade física e diminuição do tempo sedentário vai permitir alterar este paradigma.
Regular physical activity has been shown to be an extremely effective strategy for the control and prevention of cardiometabolic risk and reduction of sedentary time. A considerable part of children and adolescents has adopted sedentary behaviors and subsequently a high prevalence of cardiometabolic risk. However, the combination of sedentary behavior with physical activity can lead to behavioral patterns with unique effects and different health implications. This study reports on data from the prospective study LabMed Physical Activity Study, and aimed to verify the association between the combination of sedentary behavior and physical activity and cardiometabolic health. The study sample consisted of 442 adolescents, from 13 to 15 years old, with 228 (54%) females and 194 (46%) males. The method used to assess sedentary time and physical activity was the accelerometer and for cardiometabolic risk, a score was constructed to sum up the z-scores of all risk factors. As for cardiometabolic risk, 31.8% of the adolescents were at high risk. There were no statistically significant differences in the prevalence of cardiometabolic risk according to the combination of sedentary time and moderate to vigorous physical activity and sedentary time and vigorous physical activity in both sexes (p> 0.05). After adjusting for confounding variables, it was found that adolescents with high sedentary time and high vigorous physical activity had a higher odds of cardiometabolic risk compared with adolescents with low sedentary time and high vigorous physical activity (OR: 1.934, 95% CI: 1.036-3.611, p = 0.038). There were no significant associations between the remaining combinations of sedentary time and physical activity with cardiometabolic risk. The importance of prevention and monitoring with the combination of increased physical activity and decreased sedentary time will allow us to change this paradigm.
Regular physical activity has been shown to be an extremely effective strategy for the control and prevention of cardiometabolic risk and reduction of sedentary time. A considerable part of children and adolescents has adopted sedentary behaviors and subsequently a high prevalence of cardiometabolic risk. However, the combination of sedentary behavior with physical activity can lead to behavioral patterns with unique effects and different health implications. This study reports on data from the prospective study LabMed Physical Activity Study, and aimed to verify the association between the combination of sedentary behavior and physical activity and cardiometabolic health. The study sample consisted of 442 adolescents, from 13 to 15 years old, with 228 (54%) females and 194 (46%) males. The method used to assess sedentary time and physical activity was the accelerometer and for cardiometabolic risk, a score was constructed to sum up the z-scores of all risk factors. As for cardiometabolic risk, 31.8% of the adolescents were at high risk. There were no statistically significant differences in the prevalence of cardiometabolic risk according to the combination of sedentary time and moderate to vigorous physical activity and sedentary time and vigorous physical activity in both sexes (p> 0.05). After adjusting for confounding variables, it was found that adolescents with high sedentary time and high vigorous physical activity had a higher odds of cardiometabolic risk compared with adolescents with low sedentary time and high vigorous physical activity (OR: 1.934, 95% CI: 1.036-3.611, p = 0.038). There were no significant associations between the remaining combinations of sedentary time and physical activity with cardiometabolic risk. The importance of prevention and monitoring with the combination of increased physical activity and decreased sedentary time will allow us to change this paradigm.
Descrição
Orientação: Sandra Marlene Ribeiro de Abreu ; coorientação: Rute Marina Roberto dos Santos
Palavras-chave
MESTRADO EM EXERCÍCIO E SAÚDE, DESPORTO, EDUCAÇÃO FÍSICA, ATIVIDADE FÍSICA, SEDENTARISMO, ADOLESCENTES, SPORT, PHYSICAL EDUCATION, PHYSICAL ACTIVITY, SEDENTARINESS, ADOLESCENTS