Comprimento relativo dos dedos como marcador de desenvolvimento biológico e desempenho desportivo
A carregar...
Ficheiros
Data
Autores
Título da revista
ISSN da revista
Título do volume
Editora
Resumo
A presente investigação tem como propósito analisar o potencial do rácio 2D:4D enquanto biomarcador putativo de sucesso competitivo em jovens atletas, recorrendo a uma abordagem metodológica estruturada em quatro estudos complementares. O primeiro estudo, de natureza sistemática, constitui um exercício de síntese crítica da literatura científica, centrando-se na relação entre o rácio 2D:4D, a aptidão física e o desempenho desportivo. Para além da identificação dos principais achados, são evidenciadas limitações metodológicas recorrentes, nomeadamente a heterogeneidade dos procedimentos, a subjetividade na medição dos comprimentos digitais e a reduzida dimensão amostral, justificando novas direções de investigação. Os três estudos subsequentes, de natureza quasi-experimentais, incidem progressivamente sobre variáveis morfológicas e funcionais associadas ao desempenho motor e à performance desportiva. Desenvolvidos em diferentes grupos de jovens atletas, estes estudos exploram a associação entre os comprimentos digitais e os rácios dos dedos, com especial enfoque no rácio 2D:4D. Os resultados obtidos indicam que, em diversas modalidades, os atletas tendem a apresentar rácios 2D:4D significativamente mais baixos do que os não atletas, independentemente do sexo. No contexto do futebol juvenil, verificou-se que os jogadores pertencentes a equipas de elite regional apresentam rácios inferiores aos observados em atletas de equipas locais. No hóquei em patins, rácios mais baixos foram associados a melhor capacidade aeróbia, resistência e eficiência cardiorrespiratória. Estes resultados sustentam a hipótese de que um rácio 2D:4D reduzido poderá refletir uma maior exposição pré-natal à testosterona, fator potencialmente associado a vantagens atléticas. Conclui-se que o rácio 2D:4D poderá constituir uma variável complementar de interesse no âmbito da identificação e desenvolvimento de talento desportivo, oferecendo aos treinadores e profissionais das ciências do Desporto uma ferramenta adicional no processo de identificação e captação de jovens atletas com potencial para integrar estruturas de alto rendimento.
The present thesis aims to examine the potential of the 2D:4D ratio as a putative biomarker of competitive success in youth athletes, through a methodological framework structured around four complementary studies. The first study, of a systematic nature, constitutes a critical synthesis of the scientific literature, focusing on the relationship between the 2D:4D ratio, physical fitness, and sports performance. In addition to identifying the main findings, recurrent methodological limitations are highlighted, namely procedural heterogeneity, subjectivity in digit length measurement, and small sample sizes, thereby justifying new research directions. The three subsequent studies, quasi-experimental in nature, progressively address morphological and functional variables associated with motor performance and sport specific capacity. Conducted across different groups of youth athletes, these studies explore the association between digit lengths and finger ratios, with particular emphasis on the 2D:4D ratio. The results indicate that, across various sports, athletes tend to exhibit significantly lower 2D:4D ratios than non-athletes, regardless of sex. In the context of youth football, players from regional elite teams were found to have lower ratios compared to those from local-level teams. In roller hockey, lower 2D:4D ratios were associated with superior aerobic capacity, endurance, and cardiorespiratory efficiency. These findings support the hypothesis that a reduced 2D:4D ratio may reflect higher prenatal testosterone exposure, a factor potentially linked to athletic advantages. It is concluded that the 2D:4D ratio may represent a complementary variable of interest in the identification and development of sporting talent, offering coaches and sport science professionals an additional tool in the process of scouting and recruiting young athletes with potential to integrate high-performance structures.
The present thesis aims to examine the potential of the 2D:4D ratio as a putative biomarker of competitive success in youth athletes, through a methodological framework structured around four complementary studies. The first study, of a systematic nature, constitutes a critical synthesis of the scientific literature, focusing on the relationship between the 2D:4D ratio, physical fitness, and sports performance. In addition to identifying the main findings, recurrent methodological limitations are highlighted, namely procedural heterogeneity, subjectivity in digit length measurement, and small sample sizes, thereby justifying new research directions. The three subsequent studies, quasi-experimental in nature, progressively address morphological and functional variables associated with motor performance and sport specific capacity. Conducted across different groups of youth athletes, these studies explore the association between digit lengths and finger ratios, with particular emphasis on the 2D:4D ratio. The results indicate that, across various sports, athletes tend to exhibit significantly lower 2D:4D ratios than non-athletes, regardless of sex. In the context of youth football, players from regional elite teams were found to have lower ratios compared to those from local-level teams. In roller hockey, lower 2D:4D ratios were associated with superior aerobic capacity, endurance, and cardiorespiratory efficiency. These findings support the hypothesis that a reduced 2D:4D ratio may reflect higher prenatal testosterone exposure, a factor potentially linked to athletic advantages. It is concluded that the 2D:4D ratio may represent a complementary variable of interest in the identification and development of sporting talent, offering coaches and sport science professionals an additional tool in the process of scouting and recruiting young athletes with potential to integrate high-performance structures.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
PHYSICAL EDUCATION, SPORT, PHYSICAL ACTIVITY, HEALTH, YOUTH SPORT, YOUNG PEOPLE, BIOMARKERS, TESTOSTERONE, PERFORMANCE, PHYSICAL FITNESS, DOUTORAMENTO EM EDUCAÇÃO FÍSICA E DESPORTO, EDUCAÇÃO FÍSICA, DESPORTO, ATIVIDADE FÍSICA, SAÚDE, DESPORTO JUVENIL, JOVENS, BIOMARCADORES, TESTOSTERONA, DESEMPENHO, APTIDÃO FÍSICA