Síndrome de deficiência de crescimento pós-desmame suína
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2021
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Com o aumento do consumo de carne de porco a nível mundial, as explorações sofreram um processo de industrialização. Síndromes como a PFTS (Síndrome de Deficiência de Crescimento Pós-Desmame Suína), as quais não tinham impacto nas explorações, passaram a ter maior importância, dada a larga escala de animais produzidos. Atualmente, a PFTS ainda não está bem descrita na literatura, sabendo-se apenas que afeta leitões no período de 2 a 3 semanas pós-desmame. Os objetivos deste estudo foram a descrição do hemograma, valores sanguíneos bioquímicos e níveis de cortisol de leitões afetados com PFTS, comparar parâmetros clínicos entre animais afetados e animais saudáveis e correlacionar as alterações com mortalidade. Este estudo teve a duração de três semanas e foi realizado em duas explorações com suspeita de PFTS, ou seja, perda de peso, anorexia e apatia e livres de PRRS e de doenças causadas por PCV2 e MYC. Na exploração A utilizaram-se 30 animais (20 Tratamento; 10 Controlo) na primeira semana pós-desmame e na exploração B utilizaram-se 20 animais (10 Tratamento; 10 Controlo) na segunda semana pós-desmame. Foi feito o registo do peso e temperatura retal de todos os animais do estudo e realizadas colheitas de sangue aos animais da exploração B no sétimo dia de estudo. Nenhum animal da exploração A incluído no estudo registou perda de peso após inclusão no estudo, logo não foi feita colheita de sangue nestes animais. O GMD do grupo de tratamento da exploração A foi de 150gr e do grupo de controlo 179gr, enquanto o GMD do grupo de controlo da exploração B foi 254gr. Este valor não foi calculado para o grupo de tratamento da exploração B uma vez que 8 dos 10 animais do grupo morreram no decorrer do estudo. As médias de HTC, leucócitos e eritrócitos do grupo Tratamento foram respetivamente 48,62%, 20,09 x 10^3/ul e 27,9%, o que são valores acima de valores já descritos para animais saudáveis. O valor da creatinina (1,4mg/dL) do grupo de animais de Tratamento encontra-se ligeiramente aumentado em relação ao valor de referência superior (1,26 mg/dL). As diferenças dos parâmetros bioquímicos entre o grupo de controlo e grupo de tratamento da exploração B não foram significativas nos seguintes parâmetros: GOT (p=0,07); GGT (p=0,18); CREA (p=0,06); GPT (p=0,2). Por outro lado, os parâmetros: BUN (p=0,0008); GLU (p=0,002); ALP (p=2,9 x10^ (-6)); T-PRO (p=0,0004) evidenciaram diferença significativa. O valor médio de cortisol do grupo de tratamento (17,78 ug/dL) da exploração B estava significativamente mais elevado (p=0,0282) em relação ao grupo de controlo (3,68 ug/dL). A taxa de mortalidade no período de estudo na exploração A foi de 0% enquanto na exploração B foi 80%. As temperaturas retais dos animais dos grupos da exploração A não diferem significativamente (p=0,19), ao contrário do que acontece exploração B (p=0,01). Este estudo veio demonstrar que a anorexia pós-desmame pode ser confundida com PFTS, que animais afetados por PFTS apresentam níveis de HTC, eritrócitos, leucócitos creatinina, e temperatura alterados, assim como valores de cortisol muito elevados e que apresentam uma mortalidade muito elevada.
With the increase in pork consumption worldwide, farms underwent an industrialization process. Syndromes such as PFTS (Periweaning Failure to Thrive Syndrome), which had no impact on farms, have become more important, given the large scale of animals produced. Currently, PFTS is still not well described in the literature, and is only known to affect piglets in the period of 2 to 3 weeks postweaning. The objectives of this study were to describe the CBC, biochemical blood values and cortisol levels of piglets affected with PFTS, compare clinical parameters between affected and healthy animals, and correlate the changes with mortality. This study lasted three weeks and was conducted on two farms with suspected PFTS, i.e. weight loss, anorexia and apathy, and free of PRRS and disease caused by PCV2 and MYC. On farm A, 30 animals (20 Treatment; 10 Control) were used in the first week post-weaning and on farm B, 20 animals (10 Treatment; 10 Control) were used in the second week post-weaning. The weight and rectal temperature of all animals in the study were recorded and blood samples were taken from animals on farm B on the seventh day of the study. No animals from the A farm included in the study experienced weight loss after inclusion in the study, so no blood was collected from these animals. The DMG of the treatment group from farm A was 150g and the control group 179g, while the DMG of the control group from farm B was 254g. This value was not calculated for treatment group B as 8 of the 10 animals in the group died during the course of the study. The mean values of HTC, leucocytes and erythrocytes of the Treatment group were respectively 48.62%, 20.09 x 10^3/ul and 27.9%, which are values above values already described for healthy animals. The creatinine value (1.4 mg/dL) of the Treatment group animals is slightly increased compared to the upper reference value (1.26 mg/dL). The differences in biochemical parameters between the control group and treatment group of farm B were not significant in the following parameters: GOT (p=0.07); GGT (p=0.18); CREA (p=0.06); GPT (p=0.2). On the other hand, the parameters: BUN (p=0.0008); GLU (p=0.002); ALP (p=2.9 x10^ (-6)); T-PRO (p=0.0004) evidenced significant difference. The mean cortisol value of the treatment group (17.78 ug/dL) of farm B was significantly higher (p=0.0282) compared to the control group (3.68 ug/dL). The mortality rate in the study period in farm A was 0% while in farm B it was 80%. The rectal temperatures of the animals in the groups from farm A did not differ significantly (p=0.19), unlike in farm B (p=0.01). This study demonstrated that post-weaning anorexia can be confused with PFTS, that animals affected by PFTS have altered HTC, erythrocyte, leucocyte creatinine, and temperature levels, as well as very high cortisol values, and that they have very high mortality.
With the increase in pork consumption worldwide, farms underwent an industrialization process. Syndromes such as PFTS (Periweaning Failure to Thrive Syndrome), which had no impact on farms, have become more important, given the large scale of animals produced. Currently, PFTS is still not well described in the literature, and is only known to affect piglets in the period of 2 to 3 weeks postweaning. The objectives of this study were to describe the CBC, biochemical blood values and cortisol levels of piglets affected with PFTS, compare clinical parameters between affected and healthy animals, and correlate the changes with mortality. This study lasted three weeks and was conducted on two farms with suspected PFTS, i.e. weight loss, anorexia and apathy, and free of PRRS and disease caused by PCV2 and MYC. On farm A, 30 animals (20 Treatment; 10 Control) were used in the first week post-weaning and on farm B, 20 animals (10 Treatment; 10 Control) were used in the second week post-weaning. The weight and rectal temperature of all animals in the study were recorded and blood samples were taken from animals on farm B on the seventh day of the study. No animals from the A farm included in the study experienced weight loss after inclusion in the study, so no blood was collected from these animals. The DMG of the treatment group from farm A was 150g and the control group 179g, while the DMG of the control group from farm B was 254g. This value was not calculated for treatment group B as 8 of the 10 animals in the group died during the course of the study. The mean values of HTC, leucocytes and erythrocytes of the Treatment group were respectively 48.62%, 20.09 x 10^3/ul and 27.9%, which are values above values already described for healthy animals. The creatinine value (1.4 mg/dL) of the Treatment group animals is slightly increased compared to the upper reference value (1.26 mg/dL). The differences in biochemical parameters between the control group and treatment group of farm B were not significant in the following parameters: GOT (p=0.07); GGT (p=0.18); CREA (p=0.06); GPT (p=0.2). On the other hand, the parameters: BUN (p=0.0008); GLU (p=0.002); ALP (p=2.9 x10^ (-6)); T-PRO (p=0.0004) evidenced significant difference. The mean cortisol value of the treatment group (17.78 ug/dL) of farm B was significantly higher (p=0.0282) compared to the control group (3.68 ug/dL). The mortality rate in the study period in farm A was 0% while in farm B it was 80%. The rectal temperatures of the animals in the groups from farm A did not differ significantly (p=0.19), unlike in farm B (p=0.01). This study demonstrated that post-weaning anorexia can be confused with PFTS, that animals affected by PFTS have altered HTC, erythrocyte, leucocyte creatinine, and temperature levels, as well as very high cortisol values, and that they have very high mortality.
Descrição
Orientação: Ângela Martins ; coorientação: Joana Ceia
Palavras-chave
MESTRADO INTEGRADO EM MEDICINA VETERINÁRIA, MEDICINA VETERINÁRIA, VETERINÁRIA, SUÍNOS, INDÚSTRIA DE CARNE, DISTÚRBIOS DE CRESCIMENTO, VETERINARY MEDICINE, SWINE, MEAT INDUSTRY, DISTURBANCES OF GROWTH, SÍNDROME DE DEFICIÊNCIA DE CRESCIMENTO PÓS-DESMAME SUÍNA, PORCINE PERIWEANING FAILURE-TO-THRIVE SYNDROME