Contaminação de espaços públicos por parasitas intestinais de cães e gatos na região de Aveiro
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Data
2022
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A proximidade entre o ser humano e os animais de companhia têm-se vindo a mostrar
cada vez mais notória. No entanto, esta aproximação torna-se um risco para a infeção do ser
humano com agentes zoonóticos, nomeadamente agentes parasitários zoonóticos.
Pretendeu-se com este estudo avaliar a contaminação de espaços públicos com
parasitas intestinais de cães e gatos assim como avaliar a perceção dos tutores, rotinas de
risco e hábitos de desparasitação dos seus cães na Região de Aveiro.
Foram recolhidas 120 amostras de fezes e 55 amostras de solo provenientes de
parques e jardins públicos, parques infantis, parques caninos, praias e centros escolares.
Também foram realizados 101 questionários a tutores que passeavam os seus cães nos locais
de recolha.
Foi obtida uma prevalência de 17,5% de amostras fecais positivas para formas
parasitárias intestinais utilizando o método de Willis e o método de sedimentação e uma
prevalência de 67,3% de amostras de solo positivas utilizando o método de Rugai.
Nas amostras de fezes, ovos de Toxocara spp. foram encontrados em 14,2% das
amostras seguido por ovos de ancilostomídeos em 4,2%, cápsulas ovígeras de Dipylidium
caninum em 0,8% e oocistos de Cystoisospora spp. em 0,8%. Nas amostras de solo, os ovos
da família Taeniidae foram encontrados em 54,5% das amostras, seguido por ovos de
Toxocara spp. em 29,1%, ovos e larvas de ancilostomídeos em 23,6%, cápsulas ovígeras de
Dipylidium caninum em 3,6%, oocistos de Cystoisospora spp. em 3,6% e ovos de
Strongyloides spp. em 1,8%.
Em relação aos questionários, 88,1% dos tutores afirmou recolher sempre as fezes
dos seus cães, 54,5% dos cães não realizava a desparasitação interna segundo as indicações
da ESCCAP, 86,1% dos animais tinha acesso aos quartos/camas/sofás, 72,3% dos tutores
permitiam que os cães lambessem a sua cara e 84,2% dos tutores desconhecia o termo
“zoonose”.
Para concluir, foi possível observar uma elevada contaminação ambiental com
parasitas intestinais, tendo a maioria caráter zoonótico. Assim, o contacto próximo com os
animais revelado nos questionários, torna-se um risco de infeção para o ser humano. São
encorajadas campanhas de sensibilização ou educação por parte do Médico Veterinário para
uma correta desparasitação dos animais e recolha de fezes da via pública.
Palavras-chave: Cães, gatos, parasitas intestinais, contaminação ambiental,
zoonoses
The proximity between human beings and their pets has been more and more notorious. However, this proximity becomes a risk for human infection with zoonotic agents, in particular zoonotic parasitic agents. This study aimed to assess the contamination of public areas with intestinal parasites from dogs and cats as well as to evaluate the perception of owners, risk routines and deworming habits of their dogs in Aveiro region. A total of 120 fecal samples and 55 soil samples were collected from public parks and gardens, playgrounds, dog parks, beaches and schools. A total of 101 questionnaires were also conducted on owners walking their dogs at the collection sites. A prevalence of 17,5% positive fecal samples for intestinal parasitic forms was obtained using the Willis method and the sedimentation method, and a prevalence of 67,3% positive soil samples for intestinal parasitic forms was obtained using the Rugai method. In the stool samples, Toxocara spp. eggs were found in 14,2% of the samples followed by hookworm eggs in 4,2%, Dipylidium caninum egg packets in 0,8% and Cystoisospora spp. oocysts in 0,8%. In soil samples, Taeniidae eggs were found in 54,5% of the samples followed by Toxocara spp. eggs in 29,1% of the samples, hookworm eggs and larvae in 23,6%, Dipylidium caninum egg packets in 3,6%, Cystoisospora spp. oocysts in 3,6% and Strongyloides spp. eggs in 1,8%. From the results of the questionnaires, 88,1% of the owners stated that they always collected their dogs' feces, 54,5% of the dogs did not perform internal deworming according to ESCCAP indications, 86,1% of the animals had access to bedrooms/beds/sofa, 72,3% of the owners allowed their dogs to lick their faces and 84,2% of the owners did not know the term "zoonosis". To conclude, it was possible to observe a high environmental contamination with intestinal parasites, most of them having a zoonotic character. Thus, the close contact with animals revealed in the questionnaires becomes an infection risk for humans. Awareness or education campaigns by the Veterinarian for a correct deworming of animals and collection of feces from public roads are encouraged. Keywords: Dogs, cats, intestinal parasites, environmental contamination, zoonosis
The proximity between human beings and their pets has been more and more notorious. However, this proximity becomes a risk for human infection with zoonotic agents, in particular zoonotic parasitic agents. This study aimed to assess the contamination of public areas with intestinal parasites from dogs and cats as well as to evaluate the perception of owners, risk routines and deworming habits of their dogs in Aveiro region. A total of 120 fecal samples and 55 soil samples were collected from public parks and gardens, playgrounds, dog parks, beaches and schools. A total of 101 questionnaires were also conducted on owners walking their dogs at the collection sites. A prevalence of 17,5% positive fecal samples for intestinal parasitic forms was obtained using the Willis method and the sedimentation method, and a prevalence of 67,3% positive soil samples for intestinal parasitic forms was obtained using the Rugai method. In the stool samples, Toxocara spp. eggs were found in 14,2% of the samples followed by hookworm eggs in 4,2%, Dipylidium caninum egg packets in 0,8% and Cystoisospora spp. oocysts in 0,8%. In soil samples, Taeniidae eggs were found in 54,5% of the samples followed by Toxocara spp. eggs in 29,1% of the samples, hookworm eggs and larvae in 23,6%, Dipylidium caninum egg packets in 3,6%, Cystoisospora spp. oocysts in 3,6% and Strongyloides spp. eggs in 1,8%. From the results of the questionnaires, 88,1% of the owners stated that they always collected their dogs' feces, 54,5% of the dogs did not perform internal deworming according to ESCCAP indications, 86,1% of the animals had access to bedrooms/beds/sofa, 72,3% of the owners allowed their dogs to lick their faces and 84,2% of the owners did not know the term "zoonosis". To conclude, it was possible to observe a high environmental contamination with intestinal parasites, most of them having a zoonotic character. Thus, the close contact with animals revealed in the questionnaires becomes an infection risk for humans. Awareness or education campaigns by the Veterinarian for a correct deworming of animals and collection of feces from public roads are encouraged. Keywords: Dogs, cats, intestinal parasites, environmental contamination, zoonosis
Descrição
Orientação: Ana Maria Munhoz
Palavras-chave
MESTRADO INTEGRADO EM MEDICINA VETERINÁRIA, MEDICINA VETERINÁRIA, VETERINARY MEDICINE, VETERINÁRIA, CANÍDEOS, CANIDS, CÃES, DOGS, FELÍDEOS, FELIDS, GATOS, CATS, PARASITAS, PARASITES, INTESTINOS, INTESTINES, CONTAMINAÇÃO, CONTAMINATION, MEIO AMBIENTE, ENVIRONMENT, ZOONOSES