Análise da associação entre o tipo de motivação dos profissionais de exercício físico, a percepção da motivação dos clientes e as estratégias motivacionais
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Data
2014
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Objetivo
O nosso estudo teve como primeiro objetivo analisar a literatura existente sobre a associação entre as estratégias motivacionais dos profissionais de exercício físico e os tipos de motivação dos praticantes. Numa segunda fase, o objetivo foi analisar a associação entre o tipo de motivação dos profissionais de exercício físico, a perceção da motivação dos clientes e as estratégias motivacionais utilizadas.
Método
Num primeiro momento foi realizada uma revisão sistemática de literatura através de uma pesquisa eletrónica estruturada, em duas bases de dados distintas, de acordo com a abordagem do modelo PI[C]O referenciada e aconselhada pelas guidelines do PRISMA. Numa segunda fase, no estudo transversal, foram analisadas as respostas a questionários de 163 profissionais de exercício físico no que respeita a diversos aspetos que envolvem motivação com o seu trabalho.
Resultados
Na RSL, a pesquisa conduziu à análise de 6 artigos, em que verificámos que a satisfação das necessidades psicológicas básicas (NPB) predizem positivamente uma motivação autodeterminada, que o suporte de autonomia irá resultar num envolvimento mais duradouro com o treino e que profissionais que obriguem os praticantes a alcançar um determinado objetivo, não irão atingir os mesmo resultados que os anteriores.
No estudo observacional, é possível verificar uma relação positiva na maioria das variáveis relacionadas com o tipo de motivação dos profissionais, a perceção da motivação dos clientes e as estratégias motivacionais aplicadas.
Discussão
Na RSL, podemos afirmar que uma motivação autodeterminada é positivamente predita pela satisfação das NPB.
No estudo observacional, os nossos resultados mostram ser concordantes com a literatura existente, em que as estratégias motivacionais são preditas pela perceção da motivação dos clientes e pelo tipo de motivação dos profissionais de exercício físico.
Objective The present study had as its first goal analyze the evidence published about the association between the motivational strategies of fitness professionals and the types of motivation of exercisers. On a second stage, our goal was to analyze the association between the fitness professionals type of motivation, their perception of the clients’ motivation and the motivational strategies used on the clients. Method On a first phase, we conducted a systematic review of literature, through a structured electronic survey, in two distinct databases, according the approach of the PI[C]O model referenced and recommended in the PRISMA guidelines. On a second phase, in the cross-sectional observational study, were analyzed the answers to our survey from 163 fitness professionals in several aspects of work motivation. Results On the first study, the research conducted to the analysis of 6 articles, where we verified that the fulfillment of the basic psychological needs (BPN) positively predicts a self determined motivation, which will influence an autonomy support style of interaction with the clients, that autonomy support will result in a longer involvement with the training programs and that fitness professionals that impose a specific goal to the exercisers, won’t achieve the same results. On the second study, we could verify a relation between the majority of the variables regarding the professionals’ type of motivation, their perception of the clients’ motivation and the strategies they apply. Conclusions In the SRL, we can affirm that a self-determined motivation is predicted by the fulfillment of the basic psychological needs. In the observational study, our results seem to be concordant with the published articles, in which the motivational strategies are predicted by the perception of the clients’ motivation and the professionals’ type of motivation.
Objective The present study had as its first goal analyze the evidence published about the association between the motivational strategies of fitness professionals and the types of motivation of exercisers. On a second stage, our goal was to analyze the association between the fitness professionals type of motivation, their perception of the clients’ motivation and the motivational strategies used on the clients. Method On a first phase, we conducted a systematic review of literature, through a structured electronic survey, in two distinct databases, according the approach of the PI[C]O model referenced and recommended in the PRISMA guidelines. On a second phase, in the cross-sectional observational study, were analyzed the answers to our survey from 163 fitness professionals in several aspects of work motivation. Results On the first study, the research conducted to the analysis of 6 articles, where we verified that the fulfillment of the basic psychological needs (BPN) positively predicts a self determined motivation, which will influence an autonomy support style of interaction with the clients, that autonomy support will result in a longer involvement with the training programs and that fitness professionals that impose a specific goal to the exercisers, won’t achieve the same results. On the second study, we could verify a relation between the majority of the variables regarding the professionals’ type of motivation, their perception of the clients’ motivation and the strategies they apply. Conclusions In the SRL, we can affirm that a self-determined motivation is predicted by the fulfillment of the basic psychological needs. In the observational study, our results seem to be concordant with the published articles, in which the motivational strategies are predicted by the perception of the clients’ motivation and the professionals’ type of motivation.
Descrição
Orientação: António Labisa Palmeira
Palavras-chave
EDUCAÇÃO FÍSICA, MESTRADO EM EXERCÍCIO E BEM-ESTAR, ESTRATÉGIAS DE FORMAÇÃO, MOTIVAÇÃO, EXERCÍCIO FÍSICO, PHYSICAL EDUCATION, TRAINING STRATEGIES, MOTIVATION, PHYSICAL EXERCISE, DESPORTO, SPORT, NECESSIDADES PSICOLÓGICAS, PSYCHOLOGICAL NEEDS