Análise micológica e quantificação de zearalenona e deoxinivalenol em alimentos compostos para suínos
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2011
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As análises micológica e micotoxicológica representam uma parte importante da monitorização da qualidade e segurança dos alimentos compostos para animais.
O objectivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o nível de contaminação fúngica em amostras de alimentos compostos para suínos, identificar as espécies fúngicas presentes e quantificar os níveis de zearalenona (ZEA) e deoxinivalenol (DON).
Para tal, foram analisadas 55 amostras, encontrando-se 52 (94.5%) contaminadas com fungos, apresentando teores médios de 1.7×104 UFC/g. Os fungos mais predominantes foram o Fusarium spp (81.8%), o Aspergillus flavus (69.0%), as leveduras (60.0%) e o Aspergillus candidus (56.3%). A análise micotoxicológica foi efectuada por Cromatografia Líquida de Alta Performance (HPLC), com purificação por colunas IAC (Colunas de imunoafinidade), e revelou 18 amostras positivas para ZEA e 13 positivas para DON, com níveis de ZEA variando entre 6.1 e 5.4×101 μg/kg, e de DON variando de 1.0×102 e 9.0×102 μg/kg. Foi observada co-ocorrência em 3 amostras (5.5%). Todos os resultados encontrados estavam abaixo dos limites máximos permitidos pela União Europeia (UE).
As taxas de recuperação para amostras contaminadas com ZEA, a concentrações de 0.005; 0.010 e 0.10 μg/kg foram de 93.0; 95.0 e 95.0%, respectivamente e as de DON foram de 98.0; 85.0 e 88.0%, para soluções contaminadas com 100.0; 250.0 e 500.0 μg/kg, respectivamente.
Mycological and mycotoxicological analysis represents an important part in monitorization of feed´s quality and security. The aim of this work was to evaluate the contamination levels of mycobiota in swine feed samples, identify the mycobiota species present, and to quantify the levels of zearalenone (ZEA) and deoxinivalenol (DON). For such, 55 samples were analysed, 52 samples (94.5%) found with fungi contamination, with a mean of 1.7×104 UFC/g. The most predominant fungi were Fusarium sp (81.8%), Aspergillus flavus (69.0%), yeasts (60.0 %) and Aspergillus candidus (56.3 %). The mycotoxicological analysis was performed by High performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), with Immunoaffinity Columns (IAC) purification, and revealed 18 samples positive for ZEA and 13 positive for DON, with levels ranging between 6.1 to 5.4×101 µg/kg of ZEA and 1.0×102 to 9.0×102 µg/kg for DON. It was observed co-occurrence in 3 samples (5.5%). All the results found were bellow the maximum limits permitted by European Union (EU). The recovery taxs for samples contaminated with ZEA at concentration´s level of 0.005; 0.010 and 0.10 µg/kg were 93.0; 95.0 and 95.0%, respectively and DON recovery taxs were 98.0; 85.0 and 88.0%, for spiking concentrations of 100.0; 250.0 and 500.0 µg/kg of DON, respectively.
Mycological and mycotoxicological analysis represents an important part in monitorization of feed´s quality and security. The aim of this work was to evaluate the contamination levels of mycobiota in swine feed samples, identify the mycobiota species present, and to quantify the levels of zearalenone (ZEA) and deoxinivalenol (DON). For such, 55 samples were analysed, 52 samples (94.5%) found with fungi contamination, with a mean of 1.7×104 UFC/g. The most predominant fungi were Fusarium sp (81.8%), Aspergillus flavus (69.0%), yeasts (60.0 %) and Aspergillus candidus (56.3 %). The mycotoxicological analysis was performed by High performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), with Immunoaffinity Columns (IAC) purification, and revealed 18 samples positive for ZEA and 13 positive for DON, with levels ranging between 6.1 to 5.4×101 µg/kg of ZEA and 1.0×102 to 9.0×102 µg/kg for DON. It was observed co-occurrence in 3 samples (5.5%). All the results found were bellow the maximum limits permitted by European Union (EU). The recovery taxs for samples contaminated with ZEA at concentration´s level of 0.005; 0.010 and 0.10 µg/kg were 93.0; 95.0 and 95.0%, respectively and DON recovery taxs were 98.0; 85.0 and 88.0%, for spiking concentrations of 100.0; 250.0 and 500.0 µg/kg of DON, respectively.
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Orientação: Hermínia Marina Lourdes Martins ; co-orientação: Cláudia Sofia Antunes Ferreira
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VETERINÁRIA, SUÍNOS, ALIMENTAÇÃO ANIMAL, VETERINARY MEDICINE, SWINE, ANIMAL FEEDING, MESTRADO INTEGRADO EM MEDICINA VETERINÁRIA, MEDICINA VETERINÁRIA, CROMATOGRAFIA, CHROMATOGRAPHY