Psicopatia, estatuto social e comportamentos antissociais numa amostra da comunidade
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2023
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O presente estudo teve como objetivo analisar as diferentes facetas da psicopatia e
os comportamentos antissociais numa amostra da comunidade e a sua relação com o
estatuto socioeconómico e a qualificação profissional. A amostra deste estudo foi
constituída por 1.046 participantes, sendo a maioria do género feminino (78.4%) e com
idades compreendidas entre os 18 e os 94 anos (M = 24.9; DP = 8.32).
Relativamente aos construtos descritivos alvo de estudo, a amostra foi composta,
predominantemente, por indivíduos do estatuto socioeconómico médio (44.5%) e com
profissões mais qualificadas (50.1%). A recolha de dados decorreu em formato on-line
e foram utilizados instrumentos que permitiram avaliar os construtos em estudo,
nomeadamente o Questionário Sociodemográfico, a Escala de Autoavaliação da
Psicopatia – Versão Breve, o D-CRIM e a Escala de Respostas Socialmente
Desejáveis-5. Os resultados permitiram mostrar que a faceta estilo de vida demonstrou
uma médica significativamente superior (M = 2.84; DP = .53) quando comparada com
às restantes facetas, encontrando-se também, diferenças significativas entre as
diferentes facetas da psicopatia. Além disso, verificou-se que a soma total das facetas
da psicopatia era significativamente superior quando comparada a outras amostras
comunitárias. Verificou-se ainda que os comportamentos antissociais violentos (n =
345) foram os mais prevalentes nesta amostra comparativamente aos comportamentos
antissociais não violentos (n = 311). Neste estudo, observou-se ainda uma relação
significativa entre a psicopatia e os comportamentos antissociais. Através das análises
de variâncias, conclui-se que indivíduos com profissões menos qualificadas
demonstraram scores mais elevados na faceta interpessoal, faceta afetiva e faceta estilo
de vida comparativamente às profissões mais qualificadas onde a faceta com scores
mais elevados foi a faceta antissocial.
Por fim, verificou-se que os níveis de psicopatia não variam em função do estatuto
socioeconómico.
Em conclusão, sugerimos que estes construtos continuem a ser estudados em
amostras comunitárias nos diferentes contextos culturais.
Palavras-chave: Psicopatia, Comportamentos Antissociais, Estatuto social,
Comunidade, Psicopata Bem-sucedido
The present study aimed to analyze the different facets of psychopathy and the antisocial behaviors in a community sample and its relationship with socioeconomic status and professional qualification. The sample of this study consisted of 1.046 participants, the majority female (78.4%) and aged between 18 and 94 years (M = 24.9; SD = 8.32). Regarding the descriptive constructs that were the subject of the study, the sample was predominantly composed of individuals of medium socioeconomic status (44.5%) and with qualified professions (50.1%). Data were collected online and the instruments used allowed the assessment of the constructs under study, namely the Sociodemographic Questionnaire, the Psychopathy Self-Assessment Scale-Brief Version, the D-CRIM and the Socially Desirable Response Scale-5. Results showed that the psychopathy lifestyle facet revealed a significantly higher score (M = 2.84; SD = .53) when compared to the other facets. Furthermore, we found that the total scores of psychopathy facets were significantly higher when compared to other community samples. In this study, it was also found significant differences between the facets of psychopathy. It was found that violent antisocial behaviors (n = 345) were the most prevalent in this sample compared to non-violent antisocial behaviors (n = 311). We also found that there is a significant relationship between psychopathy and antisocial behavior. Through the analysis of variances, it was concluded that individuals with less qualified professions showed higher scores in the interpersonal facet, affective facet and lifestyle facet compared to more qualified professions where the facet with higher scores was the antisocial facet. Finally, levels of psychopathy do not vary according to socioeconomic status. In conclusion, we suggest that these constructs continue to be studied in community samples in different cultural contexts. Keywords: Psychopathy, Antisocial Behavior, Social status, Community, Successful Psychopath
The present study aimed to analyze the different facets of psychopathy and the antisocial behaviors in a community sample and its relationship with socioeconomic status and professional qualification. The sample of this study consisted of 1.046 participants, the majority female (78.4%) and aged between 18 and 94 years (M = 24.9; SD = 8.32). Regarding the descriptive constructs that were the subject of the study, the sample was predominantly composed of individuals of medium socioeconomic status (44.5%) and with qualified professions (50.1%). Data were collected online and the instruments used allowed the assessment of the constructs under study, namely the Sociodemographic Questionnaire, the Psychopathy Self-Assessment Scale-Brief Version, the D-CRIM and the Socially Desirable Response Scale-5. Results showed that the psychopathy lifestyle facet revealed a significantly higher score (M = 2.84; SD = .53) when compared to the other facets. Furthermore, we found that the total scores of psychopathy facets were significantly higher when compared to other community samples. In this study, it was also found significant differences between the facets of psychopathy. It was found that violent antisocial behaviors (n = 345) were the most prevalent in this sample compared to non-violent antisocial behaviors (n = 311). We also found that there is a significant relationship between psychopathy and antisocial behavior. Through the analysis of variances, it was concluded that individuals with less qualified professions showed higher scores in the interpersonal facet, affective facet and lifestyle facet compared to more qualified professions where the facet with higher scores was the antisocial facet. Finally, levels of psychopathy do not vary according to socioeconomic status. In conclusion, we suggest that these constructs continue to be studied in community samples in different cultural contexts. Keywords: Psychopathy, Antisocial Behavior, Social status, Community, Successful Psychopath
Descrição
Orientação: Olga Cecília Soares da Cunha
Palavras-chave
PSICOLOGIA, PSYCHOLOGY, PSICOPATIAS, PSYCHOPATHIES, COMPORTAMENTO ANTISSOCIAL, ANTISOCIAL BEHAVIOUR, MESTRADO EM PSICOLOGIA DA JUSTIÇA