Estudo do impacto de diferentes sequências de exercícios aeróbios na utilização de variáveis hemodinâmicas e ventilatórias
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2013
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As doenças cardiovasculares são a principal causa de morte em todo o mundo, estimando-se que em 2008 tenha sido responsável por 17,3 milhões de mortes a nível mundial, e 23 milhões de mortes em Portugal. Tem vindo a ser reconhecido nos últimos anos, que a actividade física representa um papel muito importante no controlo e prevenção de problemas a nível do sistema cardiovascular. A bibliografia sugere que existe uma associação inversa entre o exercício físico e os factores de risco cardiovasculares, frequência cardíaca (FC), pressão arterial (PA), e uma relação directa com o volume de oxigénio (VO2). Podemos referir, que existe uma relação entre as variáveis da composição corporal e a capacidade pulmonar de um individuo, ou seja, que existe uma associação inversa entre o índice d massa corporal (IMC) e a função ventilatória Na revisão bibliográfica efectuada, constatámos que as variáveis, mais frequentemente utilizadas, na avaliação da efectividade dos programas de exercício, foram fundamentalmente, Frequência Cardíaca, Pressão Arterial, Volume Máximo de Oxigénio e parâmetros ventilatórios. A presente dissertação centra-se na análise das adaptações cardiovasculares e ventilatórias, resultantes da realização de exercício aeróbio. Este tipo de exercício, quer nos estudos identificados na revisão, quer no decorrer das práticas comumente utilizadas em ginásio, incluem normalmente três aparelhos, nomeadamente, passadeira, Cicloergómetro (para membros inferiores) e elíptica. As variáveis utilizadas na nossa intervenção são semelhantes às obtidas na revisão sistemática de literatura, no sentido de avaliarmos e compararmos as diferentes sequências de exercício, bem como, a influência do IMC na sua evolução ao longo dos diferentes programas. Nesta avaliação pudemos constatar a interferência do exercício em diferentes variáveis, tais como, pressão arterial sistólica (PAS), FC e FEV1. Estas variáveis apresentaram diferenças significativas entre os diferentes momentos de avaliação, deduzindo-se que, a sequência 3 (cicloergómetro, passadeira e elíptica) é a mais favorável para indivíduos com PAS e FC mais elevados, e a sequência 1 (passadeira, cicloergómetro e elíptica), a mais indicada para indivíduos com doenças pulmonar obstrutiva crónica (DPOC). A sequência 2 (elíptica, cicloergómetro e passadeira) foi aquela que não apresentou qualquer tipo de resultados.
Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death worldwide, it is estimated that in 2008 was responsible for 17.3 million deaths worldwide, and 23 million deaths in Portugal. It has been recognized in the recent past years that physical activity represents a very important role in the control and prevention of problems in the cardiovascular system. The literature suggests that there is an inverse association between physical activity and cardiovascular risk factors, heart rate (HR), blood pressure (BP), and a direct relationship with the volume of oxygen (VO2). We can mention that there is a relationship between the variables of body composition and lung capacity of an individual, i.e., there is an inverse association between the body mass index (BMI) and ventilatory function. In the literature review conducted, we found that the variables most frequently used in the evaluation of the effectiveness of exercise programs were fundamentally Heart Rate, Blood Pressure, Maximum Volume of Oxygen and ventilatory parameters. This thesis focuses on the analysis of respiratory and cardiovascular adaptations resulting from implementation of aerobic exercise. This type of exercise, either in the studies identified in the review, but also during practices commonly used in gym, normally include three devices, namely, treadmill, cycle ergometer (for lower limbs) and elliptical. The variables used in our intervention are similar to those obtained in a systematic literature review in order to evaluate and compare the different sequences of exercise, as well as the influence of BMI on its evolution over the different programs. In this evaluation we have observed the interference of exercise on different variables, such as systolic blood pressure (SBP), HR and FEV1. These variables showed significant differences between the different time points, deducing that the sequence 3 (cycle ergometer, treadmill and elliptical) is more favorable for individuals with higher SBP and HR, and sequence 1 (treadmill, cycle ergometer, and elliptical), more indicated for individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The sequence 2 (elliptical, treadmill and cycle ergometer) was the one that did not show any results.
Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death worldwide, it is estimated that in 2008 was responsible for 17.3 million deaths worldwide, and 23 million deaths in Portugal. It has been recognized in the recent past years that physical activity represents a very important role in the control and prevention of problems in the cardiovascular system. The literature suggests that there is an inverse association between physical activity and cardiovascular risk factors, heart rate (HR), blood pressure (BP), and a direct relationship with the volume of oxygen (VO2). We can mention that there is a relationship between the variables of body composition and lung capacity of an individual, i.e., there is an inverse association between the body mass index (BMI) and ventilatory function. In the literature review conducted, we found that the variables most frequently used in the evaluation of the effectiveness of exercise programs were fundamentally Heart Rate, Blood Pressure, Maximum Volume of Oxygen and ventilatory parameters. This thesis focuses on the analysis of respiratory and cardiovascular adaptations resulting from implementation of aerobic exercise. This type of exercise, either in the studies identified in the review, but also during practices commonly used in gym, normally include three devices, namely, treadmill, cycle ergometer (for lower limbs) and elliptical. The variables used in our intervention are similar to those obtained in a systematic literature review in order to evaluate and compare the different sequences of exercise, as well as the influence of BMI on its evolution over the different programs. In this evaluation we have observed the interference of exercise on different variables, such as systolic blood pressure (SBP), HR and FEV1. These variables showed significant differences between the different time points, deducing that the sequence 3 (cycle ergometer, treadmill and elliptical) is more favorable for individuals with higher SBP and HR, and sequence 1 (treadmill, cycle ergometer, and elliptical), more indicated for individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The sequence 2 (elliptical, treadmill and cycle ergometer) was the one that did not show any results.
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Orientação: Sandra Martins
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MESTRADO EM EXERCÍCIO E BEM-ESTAR, EDUCAÇÃO FÍSICA, EXERCÍCIOS AERÓBICOS, FREQUÊNCIA CARDÍACA, TENSÃO ARTERIAL, PHYSICAL EDUCATION, AEROBIC EXERCISES, HEART RATE, BLOOD PRESSURE, DESPORTO, SPORT