Estratégias de coping e sintomatologia de perturbação pós-stress traumático em jovens em risco
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2016
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A presente dissertação teve como objetivo avaliar a relação entre estratégias de coping e
Perturbação Pós-Stress Traumático (PPST) numa amostra de jovens de risco, composta por
jovens em situação de acolhimento e jovens que frequentam Escolas Profissionais. As
novidades deste estudo relacionam-se com: a utilização de uma amostra de risco, a
utilização de questionários que avaliam a sintomatologia de PPST segundo o Diagnostic
and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) e a avaliação do preenchimento ou
não do critério A de PPST (além da avaliação da presença de sintomatologia de PPST).
Método: O estudo incluiu 183 jovens, dos quais 100 (54.7%) eram estudantes do ensino
profissional e 83 (45.4%) encontravam-se em situação de acolhimento, com idades
compreendidas entre 13 e os 17 anos (M = 15.71; DP = 1.31). Os instrumentos
administrados foram: Questionário Sócio-Demográfico; Lista de Experiências Traumáticas
para DSM-5, Child PPST Symptom Scale – V e a Escala de Estratégias de Coping na
Adolescência. Resultados: Os principais resultados obtidos revelaram que 48 (26.2%)
jovens relataram sintomatologia de PPST e que 166 (91%) jovens foram expostos a pelo
menos uma experiência traumática (cumpriram critério A de PPST). O sexo feminino
relatou níveis mais elevados de sintomatologia de PPST e as estratégias de coping
negativas revelaram uma relação significativa com sintomatologia de PPST. Os jovens
pertencentes ao grupo de comparação (escolas profissionais) relataram significativamente
mais sintomatologia de PPST. Um dos fatores que parece explicar este resultado é o facto
de estes jovens terem, também, relatado experiências adversas na infância, mas não
receberem medidas preventivas de promoção e proteção por parte de entidades
sinalizadores, ao contrário dos jovens em situação de acolhimento. Conclusões: A
intervenção no coping devem focar-se na redução de estratégias de coping negativas e,
assim, diminuir a sintomatologia de PPST.
The present dissertation aims to evaluate the relationship between coping strategies and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) in a sample of adolescents in risk, composed by adolescents living in residential care and adolescents in professional high schools. The novelty of this study was use of a risk sample, including a community sample in risk, and the use of questionnaires to assess the symptoms of PTSD according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-V) and the A criterion of the PTSD. The majority of the past studies did not examine the A criterion. Method: The study included 183 adolescents, of which 100 (54.7%) were students in professional high schools and 83 (45.4%) were adolescents living in residential care, aged between 13 and 17 years (M = 15.71, SD = 1.31). The instruments used were: Socio-demographic questionnaire, Life Events Checklist, Child PPST Symptom Scale – V and Adolescent Coping Strategies Scale. Results: The main results showed that 48 (26.2%) adolescents reported PTSD symptoms and 166 (91%) adolescents were exposed to at least one traumatic experience (fulfilled the A criteria of PTSD). The females reported higher levels of PTSD symptoms compared to males, and negative coping strategies revealed a significant relationship with PTSD symptoms. Adolescents belonging to the comparison group (professional high schools) reported significantly more symptoms of PTSD compared to adolescents living in residential care. One factor that seems to explain this result is that the adolescents from the community also reported adverse experiences in childhood, but they were not identified by Child Protection Services and did not receive any protective measures, compared to the adolescents living in residential care. Conclusions: The intervention in coping should focus on the reduction of negative coping strategies, and thus, reduce the symptoms of PTSD.
The present dissertation aims to evaluate the relationship between coping strategies and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) in a sample of adolescents in risk, composed by adolescents living in residential care and adolescents in professional high schools. The novelty of this study was use of a risk sample, including a community sample in risk, and the use of questionnaires to assess the symptoms of PTSD according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-V) and the A criterion of the PTSD. The majority of the past studies did not examine the A criterion. Method: The study included 183 adolescents, of which 100 (54.7%) were students in professional high schools and 83 (45.4%) were adolescents living in residential care, aged between 13 and 17 years (M = 15.71, SD = 1.31). The instruments used were: Socio-demographic questionnaire, Life Events Checklist, Child PPST Symptom Scale – V and Adolescent Coping Strategies Scale. Results: The main results showed that 48 (26.2%) adolescents reported PTSD symptoms and 166 (91%) adolescents were exposed to at least one traumatic experience (fulfilled the A criteria of PTSD). The females reported higher levels of PTSD symptoms compared to males, and negative coping strategies revealed a significant relationship with PTSD symptoms. Adolescents belonging to the comparison group (professional high schools) reported significantly more symptoms of PTSD compared to adolescents living in residential care. One factor that seems to explain this result is that the adolescents from the community also reported adverse experiences in childhood, but they were not identified by Child Protection Services and did not receive any protective measures, compared to the adolescents living in residential care. Conclusions: The intervention in coping should focus on the reduction of negative coping strategies, and thus, reduce the symptoms of PTSD.
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Orientação: Ricardo José Martins Pinto
Palavras-chave
MESTRADO EM PSICOLOGIA CLÍNICA E DA SAÚDE, PSICOLOGIA CLÍNICA, CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY, PERTURBAÇÃO DE STRESS PÓS-TRAUMÁTICO, POST-TRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER, COPING, COPING, JOVENS EM RISCO, YOUNG PEOPLE AT RISK, PSICOLOGIA, PSYCHOLOGY, ESTRATÉGIAS DE COPING, COPING STRATEGIES