A responsabilidade do avalista no seio do processo insolvencial
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2022
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Com a presente dissertação de Mestrado em Ciências Jurídico-Empresariais pretendemos
analisar os principais problemas que decorrem da situação de insolvência e implicam a
responsabilidade do avalista no seio do processo de insolvência.
A crise económico-financeira mundial tem gerado um acentuado aumento do número de
declarações de insolvência de muitas empresas, sendo certo que esta situação ocasiona
inúmeros problemas quanto aos créditos oriundos da subscrição de letras e livranças,
nomeadamente pelo aval, quer pelos próprios insolventes, quer pelos avalistas.
Importante será necessário destacar que, normalmente, tais problemas são verificados no
caso de insolvência de sociedades comerciais, cujos sócios avalizam títulos com o objetivo
de obter financiamentos e outras transações bancárias.
Neste caso, a situação de insolvência da sociedade produz o chamado “efeito de
arrastamento”, sobre o património dos sócios avalistas, que chega a conduzi-los, muitas
vezes, à situação de insolvência.
Deste modo, os avalistas, que são terceiros na relação jurídica, ficam numa posição
extremamente frágil e acabam por ser responsabilizados de forma mais excessiva do que os
próprios insolventes.
With this Master's dissertation in Legal and Business Sciences, we intend to analyze the main problems that arise from the situation of insolvency and imply the responsibility of the guarantor within the insolvency process. The financial crisis has generated a sharp increase in the number of declarations of insolvency by many companies, and this situation has brought about numerous problems with regard to credits arising from the subscription of bills of exchange and promissory notes, namely through the guarantee, either by the insolvent themselves or by the guarantors. It is necessary to point out that, normally, such problems are verified in the case of insolvency of commercial companies, whose partners guarantee securities with the objective of obtaining financing and other banking transactions. In this case, the company's insolvency situation produces the so-called “draining effect” on the assets of the guarantor partners, which often leads them to a situation of insolvency. In this way, guarantors, who are third parties in the legal relationship, are in an extremely fragile position and end up being held accountable more excessively than the insolvent themselves.
With this Master's dissertation in Legal and Business Sciences, we intend to analyze the main problems that arise from the situation of insolvency and imply the responsibility of the guarantor within the insolvency process. The financial crisis has generated a sharp increase in the number of declarations of insolvency by many companies, and this situation has brought about numerous problems with regard to credits arising from the subscription of bills of exchange and promissory notes, namely through the guarantee, either by the insolvent themselves or by the guarantors. It is necessary to point out that, normally, such problems are verified in the case of insolvency of commercial companies, whose partners guarantee securities with the objective of obtaining financing and other banking transactions. In this case, the company's insolvency situation produces the so-called “draining effect” on the assets of the guarantor partners, which often leads them to a situation of insolvency. In this way, guarantors, who are third parties in the legal relationship, are in an extremely fragile position and end up being held accountable more excessively than the insolvent themselves.
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Orientação: Letícia Marques Costa
Palavras-chave
MESTRADO EM DIREITO, DIREITO, INSOLVÊNCIA, RESPONSABILIDADE CIVIL, DIREITO EMPRESARIAL, LAW, INSOLVENCY, CIVIL LIABILITY, CORPORATE LAW