Aparelhos ortodônticos activos e passivos: estudo da sua aplicação em 23 cães
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2016
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A normoclusão ou oclusão dentária normal, é essencial na manutenção da saúde oral dos animais, garantindo-lhes conforto, correta preensão e mastigação dos alimentos, auto-limpeza dos dentes através da mastigação e, desta forma, diminui a probabilidade de desenvolvimento de doença periodontal. Quando há má-oclusão, pode haver um comprometimento da função da preensão e mastigação, bem como traumatismos sobre os tecidos adjacentes e atrito dentário. Nestes casos, deve ser ponderado o tratamento ortodôntico, o qual pode recorrer a aparelhos activos ou passivos.
Neste estudo foram descritos 23 cães com má-oclusão dentária e sujeitos a tratamento ortodôntivo, atendidos na Clínica Veterinária Aniaid (Lisboa) no período compreendido entre 1 de Janeiro de 2013 e 31 de Dezembro de 2014.
Neste estudo foi verificada uma maior a prevalência de má-oclusão classe I, sendo em maior numero cães da raça Bull Terrier Standard. A média de idades, de animais que procuraram este tratamento, foi de 11 meses.
Em 43,5% dos animais, foram aplicados dispositivos activos e em 56,5% dispositivos passivos. A média do tempo de permanência do aparelho foi de 95 dias para o uso de aparelho activo e de 32 dias para o passivo. Todos os animais que concluíram o tratamento com aparelho activo (30,4%) obtiveram uma oclusão adequada. Nos animais que foram submetidos ao aparelho passivo, 47,8% obtiveram oclusão óptima e 8,7% dos animais oclusão aceitável.
A cooperação do proprietário é fundamental para o sucesso do tratamento e baseia-se nos cuidados com a higienização dentária e oral e com a execução das medidas para evitar que o animal danifique o dispositivo. Assim sendo, é fundamental manter o dono ciente e bem informado acerca da importância do seu papel e no tratamento do seu animal.
Apesar de algumas desistências e das complicações que existiram ao longo da aplicação dos aparelhos, conclui-se que, aquando o procedimento e o acompanhamento do caso são correctos, os resultados são promissores.
The normal occlusion helps promote oral health in dogs and guaranteeing their comfort, better food utilization and self-cleaning of teeth by chewing, and thus decreases the probability of developing periodontal diseases. Moreover it avoids injury and wear of the other teeth, which occur in cases of malocclusions. Thus, it is important to ensure normoclusion and therefore, when there is no normal occlusion and there dental commitment, should be considered the use of appliance. This study described 23 dogs with dental malocclusion and undergoing orthodontic treatment, attended at Clinica Veterinária Aniaid (Lisbon) during the period between 1 January 2013 and 31 December 2014. It was identified malocclusion class I in most of the cases and the most common breed was the Bull Terrier Standard, with an average of ages around eleven months. In this study, 43.5% of patients were implanted with active appliance and 56.5% with passive appliance. The average permanence time was 95 days for the use of the active unit and 32 days for the passive. All patients who completed treatment with active appliance (30.4%) had adequate occlusions. In animals that were submitted to passive appliance, 47.8% had optimal occlusion and 8.7% of the animals occlusion acceptable. The owner cooperation is essential for guarantee the care and hygiene, especially in implementing measures to prevent animal damage the device, which prevents successful treatment. It is therefore essential to keep the owner aware and informed about the importance of their role and commitment. Although some dropouts and complications throughout the application of equipment, it is concluded that when there are a correct procedure and proper follow-up, the results were promising.
The normal occlusion helps promote oral health in dogs and guaranteeing their comfort, better food utilization and self-cleaning of teeth by chewing, and thus decreases the probability of developing periodontal diseases. Moreover it avoids injury and wear of the other teeth, which occur in cases of malocclusions. Thus, it is important to ensure normoclusion and therefore, when there is no normal occlusion and there dental commitment, should be considered the use of appliance. This study described 23 dogs with dental malocclusion and undergoing orthodontic treatment, attended at Clinica Veterinária Aniaid (Lisbon) during the period between 1 January 2013 and 31 December 2014. It was identified malocclusion class I in most of the cases and the most common breed was the Bull Terrier Standard, with an average of ages around eleven months. In this study, 43.5% of patients were implanted with active appliance and 56.5% with passive appliance. The average permanence time was 95 days for the use of the active unit and 32 days for the passive. All patients who completed treatment with active appliance (30.4%) had adequate occlusions. In animals that were submitted to passive appliance, 47.8% had optimal occlusion and 8.7% of the animals occlusion acceptable. The owner cooperation is essential for guarantee the care and hygiene, especially in implementing measures to prevent animal damage the device, which prevents successful treatment. It is therefore essential to keep the owner aware and informed about the importance of their role and commitment. Although some dropouts and complications throughout the application of equipment, it is concluded that when there are a correct procedure and proper follow-up, the results were promising.
Descrição
Orientação : João Filipe Requicha ; co-orientação : Lisa Mestrinho
Palavras-chave
MESTRADO INTEGRADO EM MEDICINA VETERINÁRIA, VETERINÁRIA, CÃES, MEDICINA DENTÁRIA, SAÚDE ORAL, TRATAMENTOS DENTÁRIOS, DOGS, DENTISTRY, ORAL HEALTH, DENTAL TREATMENTS, CANÍDEOS, CANIDS, MEDICINA VETERINÁRIA, VETERINARY MEDICINE