Relação das actividades desportivas não lectivas e a aptidão física nos alunos do Ensino Secundário (estudo efectuado em 4 escolas da rede de Estágios da ULHT 2010/2011)
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2011
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Actividade Física, é qualquer movimento corporal produzido pelos músculos esqueléticos
que resultam em energia despendida, acima do nível de repouso (Caspersen et al1985;
Baranowski et al 1992). Um indivíduo sedentário que comece uma Actividade Física regular
desencadeia um conjunto de adaptações ao esforço, em que algumas destas adaptações
serão benéficas em termos de saúde, ajudando na prevenção inicial de várias doenças
(Haskell et al 1965; Barata et al 1997). A Aptidão Física é um conjunto de atributos que as
pessoas têm ou alcançam, que estão relacionados com os movimentos que as pessoas
desempenham (Caspersen et al 1985; Baranowski et al 1992). O objectivo central do
presente estudo consistiu em verificar se existem diferenças significativas entre os
Praticantes e Não Praticantes de ADEC e a Aptidão Física dos alunos. A amostra foi
constituída por 310 sujeitos, 165 rapazes e 145 raparigas pertencentes ao Ensino
Secundário de 4 escolas da rede de estágios da ULHT 2010/2011. As Capacidades Físicas
foram avaliadas através dos testes do Fitnessgram, a Prática de ADEC e o Índice de
Actividade Física foram obtidos através do Questionário de Actividade Desportiva.
Conclusões: Os alunos que praticam ADEC são mais aptos do que os alunos que não
praticam ADEC. Estes Praticantes apresentam valores mais elevados na Aptidão Aeróbia e
no VO2máx., quando comparados com os Não Praticantes. Nas restantes Capacidades
Físicas analisadas (Força de Braços, Força Abdominal e Flexibilidade) não foram
encontradas diferenças significativas. Não foram encontradas diferenças significativas entre
a Prática de ADEC e o IMC. Os Praticantes de ADEC demonstraram ter um IAF superior
aos Não Praticantes de ADEC. O Género Feminino apresenta melhores resultados do que o
Género Masculino para a Força de Braços. Nas restantes Capacidades Físicas não foram
encontradas diferenças significativas entre Géneros. Quando analisado o IMC, o Género
Feminino apresenta percentagens superiores de Peso Normal relativamente ao Género
Masculino. Não foram encontradas diferenças significativas entre o Género e a Aptidão
Física. Verificou-se que existe diferenças significativas na relação entre o Género e o IAF, o
Género Masculino tem um IAF superior ao Género Feminino. Os alunos mais aptos
fisicamente são os alunos com maior IAF. Não foram encontradas diferenças significativas
entre as Modalidades praticadas pelos alunos e o desenvolvimento qualquer das
Capacidades Físicas estudadas.
Physical Activity is any body movement produced by skeletal muscles resulting in energy expenditure above the resting level (Caspersen et al1985; Baranowski et al 1992). A sedentary individual, who starts a regular Physical Activity, triggers a set of adaptations to stress, in which some of these changes will be helpful in terms of health, aiding in primary prevention of several diseases (Haskell et al 1965; Barata et al 1997). Physical Fitness is a set of attributes that people have or achieve, and are related with the movements that people perform (Caspersen et al 1985; Baranowski et al 1992). The main purpose of this study was to determine whether there are significant differences between Practicing and Non-practitioners of ADEC and Physical Fitness of students. The sample consisted of 310 subjects, 165 boys and 145 girls belonging to high school students of 4 schools integrated in the ULHT 2010/2011. The Physical Abilities were assessed through Fitnessgram tests, ADEC practice and the Index of Physical Activity were obtained through the Physical Activity Questionnaire. Conclusions: Students that practice ADEC are more able than students who do not practice ADEC. These students that practice ADEC have higher values in Aerobic Fitness and VO2max when compared to non-practicing students. In the remaining Physical Abilities analyzed (Arm Strength, Abdominal Strength and Flexibility) were not considered significant differences. No significant differences were found between ADEC practice and the BMI. The students that practice ADEC showed higher Physical Activity levels than students who do not practice. Female gender presents better results than the male gender in Arms strength. In the remaining components of Physical Fitness were not found significant differences between genders. When analyzed BMI, female gender has higher percentages of normal weight compared to male gender. No significant differences were found between Gender and Physical Fitness. It was verified that there are significant differences in the relation between gender and Physical Activity levels, the male gender have a higher level of Physical Activity than female gender. The most able students are the ones with higher levels of Physical Activity. There were no significant differences between the sports practiced by students and the development of the studied components of physical fitness.
Physical Activity is any body movement produced by skeletal muscles resulting in energy expenditure above the resting level (Caspersen et al1985; Baranowski et al 1992). A sedentary individual, who starts a regular Physical Activity, triggers a set of adaptations to stress, in which some of these changes will be helpful in terms of health, aiding in primary prevention of several diseases (Haskell et al 1965; Barata et al 1997). Physical Fitness is a set of attributes that people have or achieve, and are related with the movements that people perform (Caspersen et al 1985; Baranowski et al 1992). The main purpose of this study was to determine whether there are significant differences between Practicing and Non-practitioners of ADEC and Physical Fitness of students. The sample consisted of 310 subjects, 165 boys and 145 girls belonging to high school students of 4 schools integrated in the ULHT 2010/2011. The Physical Abilities were assessed through Fitnessgram tests, ADEC practice and the Index of Physical Activity were obtained through the Physical Activity Questionnaire. Conclusions: Students that practice ADEC are more able than students who do not practice ADEC. These students that practice ADEC have higher values in Aerobic Fitness and VO2max when compared to non-practicing students. In the remaining Physical Abilities analyzed (Arm Strength, Abdominal Strength and Flexibility) were not considered significant differences. No significant differences were found between ADEC practice and the BMI. The students that practice ADEC showed higher Physical Activity levels than students who do not practice. Female gender presents better results than the male gender in Arms strength. In the remaining components of Physical Fitness were not found significant differences between genders. When analyzed BMI, female gender has higher percentages of normal weight compared to male gender. No significant differences were found between Gender and Physical Fitness. It was verified that there are significant differences in the relation between gender and Physical Activity levels, the male gender have a higher level of Physical Activity than female gender. The most able students are the ones with higher levels of Physical Activity. There were no significant differences between the sports practiced by students and the development of the studied components of physical fitness.
Descrição
Orientação: Ana Maria Paz Leça da Veiga
Palavras-chave
DESPORTO, EDUCAÇÃO FÍSICA, APTIDÃO FÍSICA, ATIVIDADE FÍSICA, SPORT, PHYSICAL EDUCATION, PHYSICAL FITNESS, PHYSICAL ACTIVITY, MESTRADO EM ENSINO DA EDUCAÇÃO FÍSICA NOS ENS. BÁSICO E SECUNDÁRIO