Associação entre a satisfação das necessidades psicológicas básicas, índice de massa corporal, aptidão cardiorrespiratória, vitalidade e qualidade de vida em contexto de expressão física motora estruturada: um estudo longitudinal de 6 anos
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2013
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Objetivo: Este estudo pretendeu analisar, num estudo longitudinal de 6 anos iniciado no 1º ciclo de ensino, a associação entre a Satisfação das Necessidades Psicológicas Básicas (SNPB) e parâmetros da aptidão física, como os casos do IMC e V₀₂Max, bem como em relação à Vitalidade e Qualidade de Vida.
Método: Este estudo contou com a participação de 897 alunos do 3º ciclo em algumas escolas da cidade de Lisboa. Após comparação com a lista de dados de 2005/2006, foram detetados 273 alunos que tinham participado no projeto PlayGym, sendo os restantes utilizados como grupo de controlo para comparação de resultados. Depois de serem recolhidos os dados atuais do FitnessGram procedemos, numa segunda fase, à comparação dos dados recolhidos com a base de dados de 2005/2006 tentando procurar os alunos cujos dados coincidam nos dois momentos. Foram ainda recolhidos dados atuais relativos à Vitalidade, Qualidade de Vida e SNPB recorrendo aos questionários, respetivamente: Subjective Vitality Scale, KidScreen-10 e SNPB em Educação Física.
Resultados: Existe uma relação positiva entre os valores do V₀₂Max de 2005/2006 e a satisfação da competência atuais (p<.001) e entre a necessidade psicológica de Competência e o V₀₂Max nos dados atuais (p<.001), assim como uma relação positiva entre a satisfação de todas as NPB, a qualidade de vida e a vitalidade (todos p<.001).
Foi possível também verificar que em alunos que tiveram acesso ao PlayGym, o V₀₂Max apresenta uma relação positiva com as variáveis da Vitalidade, Qualidade de Vida e com as SNPB, algo que não foi observado com o IMC.
Conclusões: A partir deste estudo percebemos que a existência de atividade física e desportiva no 1º ciclo, de forma estruturada, está associada positivamente à SNPB, que por sua vez está associada a variáveis como o V₀₂Max, Vitalidade e Qualidade de Vida.
Palavras-Chave: Satisfação das Necessidades Psicológicas Básicas, IMC, V₀₂Max, Vitalidade, Qualidade de Vida, 1º e 3º ciclo.
Objetive: This study aimed at verifying, in a longitudinal study of 6 years with is beginning in the 1st cycle, the association between Basic Psychological Needs Satisfaction (BPNS) and some parameters of physical fitness, such as BMI and V₀₂Max, as well as other aspects, such as Vitality and Quality of Life. Method: This study had a sample of 897 students of the 3rd cycle in some schools within the metropolitan area in Lisbon. After comparing with the data list of 2005/2006, we found that 273 students had participated on the PlayGym project, the other students were used as control for the comparison of results. After gathering the last data on FitnessGram we proceded, on a second fase, to the comparison with the newly gathered data with the 2005/2006 data base, searching for the students whose data were concurring on both moments. We also collected current data from questionnaires related to Vitality, Quality of life and SBPN (Subjective Vitality Scale, KidScreen-10 and SBPN in Physical Education, respectively). Results: There is a positive relation between some variables studied, such as the observed values of the 2005/2006 V₀₂Max and the current satisfaction of competence (p<.001). It was verified, as well, that there is a positive relation between the psychological need of competence and V₀₂Max within the current data (p<.001), as well as a positive relation between BPNS, standarts of life and vitality (all at p<.001). We were also able to find that the V₀₂Max presents significant relations between students with access to PlayGym and the variables of Vitality, Standarts of Life BPNS of autonomy, of competence and positive relation with colleagues, however the opposite happened with the variable BMI, which is unable to present a relation with any of the other variables. Conclusions: From this study we were able to realize that the existence of sports and physical activity on the 1st cycle, in a structural way, is positively associated to BPNS, which in turn is associated to variables such as V₀₂Max, Vitality and Quality of Life.
Objetive: This study aimed at verifying, in a longitudinal study of 6 years with is beginning in the 1st cycle, the association between Basic Psychological Needs Satisfaction (BPNS) and some parameters of physical fitness, such as BMI and V₀₂Max, as well as other aspects, such as Vitality and Quality of Life. Method: This study had a sample of 897 students of the 3rd cycle in some schools within the metropolitan area in Lisbon. After comparing with the data list of 2005/2006, we found that 273 students had participated on the PlayGym project, the other students were used as control for the comparison of results. After gathering the last data on FitnessGram we proceded, on a second fase, to the comparison with the newly gathered data with the 2005/2006 data base, searching for the students whose data were concurring on both moments. We also collected current data from questionnaires related to Vitality, Quality of life and SBPN (Subjective Vitality Scale, KidScreen-10 and SBPN in Physical Education, respectively). Results: There is a positive relation between some variables studied, such as the observed values of the 2005/2006 V₀₂Max and the current satisfaction of competence (p<.001). It was verified, as well, that there is a positive relation between the psychological need of competence and V₀₂Max within the current data (p<.001), as well as a positive relation between BPNS, standarts of life and vitality (all at p<.001). We were also able to find that the V₀₂Max presents significant relations between students with access to PlayGym and the variables of Vitality, Standarts of Life BPNS of autonomy, of competence and positive relation with colleagues, however the opposite happened with the variable BMI, which is unable to present a relation with any of the other variables. Conclusions: From this study we were able to realize that the existence of sports and physical activity on the 1st cycle, in a structural way, is positively associated to BPNS, which in turn is associated to variables such as V₀₂Max, Vitality and Quality of Life.
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Orientação: António Labisa Palmeira
Palavras-chave
DESPORTO, ATIVIDADE FÍSICA, SAÚDE, QUALIDADE DE VIDA, ÍNDICE DE MASSA CORPORAL, APTIDÃO CARDIORRESPIRATÓRIA, SPORT, PHYSICAL ACTIVITY, HEALTH, QUALITY OF LIFE, BODY MASS INDEX, CARDIORESPIRATORY FITNESS, MESTRADO EM ENSINO DA EDUCAÇÃO FÍSICA NOS ENS. BÁSICO E SECUNDÁRIO, EDUCAÇÃO FÍSICA, PHYSICAL EDUCATION