ECATI - Centros de Investigação

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Adaptive Non-Immersive VR Environment for Eliciting Fear of Cockroaches : a Physiology-Driven Approach Combined with 3D-TV Exposure
(International Journal of Psychological Research, 2020) Rosa, Pedro Joel; Luz, FIlipe Costa; Junior, Roberto; Oliveira, Jorge; Morais, Diogo; Gamito, Pedro; HEI-LAB (FCT) - Digital Laboratories for Environments and Human Interactions
Non-immersive VR environments are related to the least interactive application of VR techniques, such that interaction with the VR environment can occur commonly by 3D-TV without full immersion into the environment. This study presents how 3D-TV exposure combined with physiology recording can elicit fear of cockroaches among individuals with different levels of fear. Thirty-six participants, set apart into three fear groups (low vs. moderate vs. high), were exposed to VR environment with cockroaches for 4 minutes while recording and using cardiac activity as input to the VR environment. Results revealed significant effects on self-report measures and heart rate between different fear groups. Moreover, participants with higher levels of fear were more likely to trigger cockroaches into the scenario due to their cardiac acceleration. Overall results suggest that our physiology-driven VR environment is valid for fear elicitation while having potential use in therapeutic domain.
Agentes ou Jogadores? Os monstros estranhamente reais dos jogos de computadores
(Cetac, 2008-04-05) Luz, Filipe Costa; Abrantes, João M. C. S.; Escola de Comunicação, Arquitetura, Artes e Tecnologias da Informação
Pretendemos mostrar como os sistemas de motion capture permitem transpor para avatares movimentos de pessoas reais para, com o auxílio do processamento gráfico e dos incrementos em Inteligência artificial, criar as planícies de Masahiro Mori, o uncanny valley. Acreditamos que, num futuro próximo, será possível emocionar jogadores se o realismo das interacções no jogo apresentar consistência semelhante às experiências no mundo real.
Algorithms for Estimating the Location of Remote Nodes Using Smartphones
(IEEE, 2019) Pedro, Dario; Tomic, Slavisa; Bernardo, Luís; Beko, Marko; Oliveira, Rodolfo; Dinis, Rui; Pinto, Paulo; Amaral, Pedro; Escola de Comunicação, Arquitetura, Artes e Tecnologias da Informação
Locating the position of a remote node on a wireless network is becoming more relevant, as we move forward in the Internet of things and in autonomous vehicles. This paper proposes a new system to implement the location of remote nodes. A new prototype Android application has been developed to collect real measurements and to study the performance of several smartphone's sensors and location algorithms, including an innovative one, based on the second order cone programming (SOCP) relaxation. The application collects theWiFi access points information and the terminal location. An internal odometry module developed for the prototype is used when Android's service is unavailable. This paper compares the performance of existing location estimators given in closed form, an existing SOCP one, and the new SOCP location estimator proposed, which has reduced complexity. An algorithm to merge measurements from non-identical terminals is also proposed. Cooperative and terminal stand-alone operations are compared, showing a higher performance for SOCP-based ones, that are capable of estimating the path loss exponent and the transmission power. The heterogeneous terminals were also used in the tests. Our results show that the accurate positioning of static remote entities can be achieved using a single smartphone. On the other hand, the accurate real-time positioning of the mobile terminal is provided when three or more scattered terminal nodes cooperate sharing the samples taken synchronously.
Anatomy Primitives
(Edições Centro de Investigação em Artes e Comunicação, 2021-10) Araújo, António; Silva, Horácio Hugo Ferreira Faria de Azevedo e; Escola de Comunicação, Arquitetura, Artes e Tecnologias da Informação
We propose an installation that investigates the notion of the anatomical canon and its conceptual and practical role in the artistic modeling of human anatomy. This installation guides the visitor through the synthesis of a digital canon built from standard 3D primitives. Through a model that can be interactively constructed or deconstructed step-by-step, using simple controls, the visitoris invited to study, and draw, the human surface anatomy and its main features as interpreted through the natural tools of digital modeling.
O Aplanamento das Imagens
(Edições Universitárias Lusófonas, 2007) Viveiros, Paulo; CICANT (FCT) - Centro de Investigação em Comunicação Aplicada, Cultura e Novas Tecnologias
A densidade visual da pintura flamenga e holandesa afirmou-se devido a uma nova forma de conceber o mundo e o olhar, fornecendo óptimos exemplos de comparação para com o actual cinema digital, desde as epopeias densamente habitadas por milhares de figurantes em programas de auto-gestão, até à densidade visual das layers de pósprodução. Christine Buci-Glucksmann chamou-lhe “olho cartográfico” e Svetlana Alpers “arte da descrição”. Ambos os conceitos lidam com um olhar nómada, presente também nos panoramas dos séculos XVIII e XIX, devido a enquadramentos arbitrários, mas onde os amplos espaços enquadrados, num ponto de vista ideal, por vezes funcionam como controlo do mundo através da “panoramização” do espaço, que lhe retira o relevo, as profundidades distantes e inacessíveis. Tudo está ao alcance do olho. As imagens tornaram-se semelhantes aos mapas, sendo que estes tinham projectado o mundo num plano. Isto gerou um efeito-superfície que se generalizou, transformando paredes em “peles digitais” e a profundidade na horizontalidade plana electrónica, como defende Buci-Gluksmann.
Architectural detail or the end of the virtual
(2022) Pinto, Bernardo de Castro Norton Vaz; Escola de Comunicação, Arquitetura, Artes e Tecnologias da Informação
Architectural tectonics have become the central resistance, in the discipline of architecture, against the virtual simulations of reality that dominate our cultural landscape. Within that discussion, the study and critique of the architectural detail as a central aspect of architecture needs to be re-considered today, simply because it relates directly with materiality, physical materiality, of architecture. The enormous social-cultural transformations, since the turn of the century, triggered by the electronical and then digital innovations, have permitted the appearance of a virtual world that is competing with the physical role and subsequent meaning of the discipline of architecture. Alvin Tofler´s The Third Wave, Castells’ The Rise of the Network Society, Nicholas Negroponte’s Being Digital , all reflected the changes that are now a consummated fact: we have become more and more dependent on the non-physical, on the nonmaterial aspects of technology. Paraphrasing Negroponte, it is the shift from atoms (material and mass) to bits (digital). The construction of a virtual, nonphysical world, as the late phenomenon of the metaverse, the NFTs, or non-fungible tokens, confirm this tendency in the development of a nonphysical world. The challenge presented to architecture, as the discipline of the construction of meaningful physical environments, is that it cannot exist only in appearance. It needs to have existence, physical existence and permanence. The role of the architectural detail, present since the dawning of the discipline, needs to be re-discussed: The meaning of architecture, as it has always been, can be revealed within the understanding of the construction detail. The joint and the construction detail have evolved through history, from symbolic representations of nature, to metaphors of structural elements, to glimpses of the way buildings are put together. The advent of the digital revolution, and the changes of the architectural process, the appearance of the possibility of the “fold”1, and other algorithm processes of designing, triggered the disappearance of the edge and the joint, and detail has become surpassed, forgotten in praise of the seamless extension of the perfected architectural surface. To understand the role of architecture today is, to a large extent, to understand the meaning of the architectural detail.
The art of feminist-queering the museum : gate-leaking
(Edições Universitárias Lusófonas, 2020) Grácio, Rita; Coutinho, Andreia C; Falé, Laura; Sobreira, Maribel; CICANT (FCT) - Centro de Investigação em Comunicação Aplicada, Cultura e Novas Tecnologias
This paper takes part in the ongoing debate around how museums have begun to address LGBTQI+ and feminist issues in the 21st century. While Portugal is a particularly interesting country to consider, given that it has passed some of the most advanced legislation on LGBTQI+ rights in Europe (Santos 2012), this progressivism is not reflected in Portuguese museum practices, given that gender museology has been slow to emerge (Vaquinhas 2014). After briefly contextualising initiatives addressing gender in Portuguese art museums, we present as a case study Trazer a margem para o centro (Bringing the Margin to the Centre), a series of three talks hosted by the Berardo Collection Museum, which is considered Portugal’s primary modern and contemporary art museum. Unlike previous initiatives in art museums, which were museum-led, the series of talks was led by the small intersectional feminist collective FACA. A sociologist (Rita Grácio) and the three members of FACA (Andreia Coutinho, Laura Falé and Maribel Sobreira) designed and conducted the three talks that constitute the initiative Bringing the Margin to the Centre. Grácio designed and conducted the qualitative study of the audiences that attended Bringing the Margin to the Centre. This study consisted of participant observation at the event series, at which an adapted version of the Personal Meaning Mapping technique (Falk and Storksdieck 2005) was applied; semi-structured phone interviews with participants were then conducted after the event (Falk and Dierking 2011). The main findings show this event raised awareness among cisgender visitors with heteronormative perspectives and provided a space for counter-narratives of the queer community, showing the role of collective curatorial activism and museums in promoting gender equality and inclusiveness, if acting as gate-leakers, rather than as gatekeepers. Hence, museums can provide lessons to other organisations interested in promoting diversity and inclusion.
Artistic-architectural micro-narratives in the city
(2022) Barbas, iSABEL; Escola de Comunicação, Arquitetura, Artes e Tecnologias da Informação
In the current 'burnout society' (Byung Chul Han), or 'liquid modernity' (Zygmunt Bauman), or 'red fish civilization' (Bruno Patino), in which the individual finds himself immersed in a diffuse, confused, global, where the boundaries between the private and the public, work and leisure, the specific and the global, the material and the immaterial are diluted, producing a new kind of 'habitat', what role can perform ‘artistic installations’ and small-scale ‘architectural installations’ on public space, in the debate about the current society, that is also committed to emerging ecological values? Taking into account its small scale, economy of materials, costs and reduced times, compared to the 'disciplinary' urban and architectural operations established in city 'design' policies, and above all taking into account its 'power of communication', of more immediate and performative interaction appealing to 'new aesthetic senses' [expanded field of art/architecture], we propose to look at the 70's - decade in which a freer artistic intervention was democratized but also more objective and committed to new ideas about the 'Polis', about the need to reactivate its use value [work] to the detriment of exchange value [profit], producing 'playfully' (Huizinga) and 'phenomenologically' new spaces of interaction (Lefebvre) and the influences they can play today. Appealing to the 'participation', 'activation' and even 'co-authorship' of the inhabitants, this type of artistic intervention on a 'human scale' in the city acts, either by 'adherence' or even by 'confrontation' – which is also a form of contact –, a dialogue with the public, which is thus involved in the construction of new 'micronarratives' about the city; awakening new personal critical senses about the 'common space', underlining the importance of the 'micro' in the 'macro' which is, perhaps, a possible way to build a more ecological society. Keywords: Art-architecture Installations in Public Space / Critical and ecological art-architectural practices in the city / Mediation, participation and co-authorship
A atmosfera fílmica como consciência
(Edições Universitárias Lusófonas, 2002) Gil, Inês; CICANT (FCT) - Centro de Investigação em Comunicação Aplicada, Cultura e Novas Tecnologias
The concept of "cinematic atmosphere" is complex because its analysis raises the problem of the cinematographic formal construction as inductive medium of the film atmosphere. Moreover, the proper notion of "atmosphere" reveals other concepts more or less controlled by the cinematic elements that will have all the same goal: the recognition of these concepts through the manifestation of the atmosphere.
Augmented Reality for Games
(Edições Universitárias Lusófonas, 2008) Luz, Filipe Costa; Bila, Vasco; Dinis, José Maria; Escola de Comunicação, Arquitetura, Artes e Tecnologias da Informação
In this text, we intend to explore augmented reality as a means to visualise interactive communication projects. With ARToolkit, Virtools and 3ds Max applications, we aim to show how to create a portable interactive platform that resorts to the environment and markers for constructing the game’s scenario. We plan to show that the realism of simulation, together with the merger of artificial objects with the real world, can generate interactive empathy between players and their avatars.
The awareness of the past for an unknown future: the present act of the architect and the creative user in shaping spatial space
(2022) Issa, Rand; Escola de Comunicação, Arquitetura, Artes e Tecnologias da Informação
Architecture is yielded by use and design. The architectural realm is well known as a property of Architects “architecture is a heroic endeavor made by architects, guided by the masters” (Banham, 1975, p.3)*. Gropius articulated that the architect’s ultimate concern in designing buildings is represented in their human use and occupation. Therefore, questioning the architects’ perception of the users’ needs arises especially in times of crisis. Hereby, users are a threat to architects in terms of spatial transformation and how the building can adapt to reflect changes in use, and who between the architect, owner, and user, has the authority and knowledge to alternate the occupied form/ space. As if Functionalism is the starting point for most post-war architects’ assessment of use; flexibility, polyvalence, and user collaboration. Nowadays, the global pandemic emerged the necessity of the creative user to give existing spaces new meaning, a change of use that is not merely dependent upon a physical change but a change in the perception of the user toward the occupied space and the needs through the time of crisis. This paper is to concentrate on the intertwining role of the architect – the creative user who is not defined as a passive in the architecture realm but as a reactive user following the three types of creativity: mental, bodily, and physical. An analytical study of how users would shape their own space if they have the choice through a fixed space to design their quarantine based on the Covid-19 lockdown
Bayesian methodology for target tracking using combined RSS and AoA measurements
(Elsevier, 2017) Tomic, Slavisa; Beko, Marko; Dinis, Rui; Tuba, Milan; Bacanin, Nebojsa; Escola de Comunicação, Arquitetura, Artes e Tecnologias da Informação
This work addresses the target tracking problem based on received signal strength (RSS) and angle of arrival (AoA) measurements. The Bayesian methodology, which integrates the information given by observations with prior knowledge extracted from target motion model in order to enhance the estimation accuracy was employed. First, by converting the considered highly non-linear measurement model into a linear one, i.e., a novel linearization technique of the measurement model is proposed. The derived model is then merged with the prior knowledge, and a novel maximum a posteriori (MAP) estimator whose solution is given in closed-form is proposed. It is also shown that the Kalman filter (KF) can be directly applied on top of the linearized observation model, which results in a proposal of a novel KF algorithm. Furthermore, to the best of authors’ knowledge, this paper premierly presents the application of the extended KF (EKF) and the unscented KF (UKF) to the considered tracking problem, by applying first-order linearization technique to the original non-linear model, and by applying the unscented transformation to carefully selected sample points, respectively. Finally, importance weights are computed for a large number of randomly selected sample points to render a well-known particle filter (PF) solution. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithms perform better than a naive one which uses only information from observations. They also confirm the effectiveness of the proposed linearization technique in comparison with the existing one, reducing the estimation error for about 25%.
Belonging to a community: the mediation of belonging
(OberCom, 2012) Damásio, Manuel José; Henriques, Sara; Costa, Conceição; CICANT (FCT) - Centro de Investigação em Comunicação Aplicada, Cultura e Novas Tecnologias
This paper introduces the concept of belonging and discusses it in the context of online social networking experience and community experience considering social capital and user’s activities as nuclear concepts to understand collective actions and social relationships mediated by social media. The paper presents an empirical approach based on the study of two local communities and analyses whether interactive social technologies promote greater social involvement and higher production of social capital and participation, that results in a greater sense of belonging within communities. The results indicate a positive relationship between the use of social media and the increase of social capital and sense of belonging. Our work discusses the role and influence of social media in communitarian practices and the relevance social capital theory has as an outcome of media technologies use that result in a greater sense of belonging to a community.
A bisection-based approach for exact target localization in NLOS environments
(Edições Universitárias Lusófonas, 2017) Tomic, Slavisa; Beko, Marko; Escola de Comunicação, Arquitetura, Artes e Tecnologias da Informação
This work addresses the range-based target localization problem in adverse non-line-of-sight (NLOS) en- vironments. We start by deriving the maximum likelihood (ML) estimator from the measurement model, since it is asymptotically efficient. However, this estimator is highly non-convex and difficult to solve di- rectly. Hence, we convert the localization problem into a generalized trust region sub-problem (GTRS) framework. Although still non-convex in general, the derived estimator is strictly decreasing over a read- ily obtained interval, and thus, can be solved exactly by a bisection procedure. In huge contrast to exist- ing algorithms, which either require the knowledge about the magnitude of the NLOS bias or to a priori distinguish between line-of-sight (LOS) and NLOS links, the new one does not require such prerequi- sites. Also, the computational complexity of the proposed algorithm is linear in the number of reference nodes, unlike the majority of existing ones. Our simulation results show that the new algorithm possesses a steady NLOS bias mitigation capacity and that it represents an excellent alternative in the sense of the trade offbetween accuracy and complexity. To be more specific, it not only matches the performance of existing methods (majority of which significantly more computationally complex) but outperforms them in general. Moreover, the performance of the proposed algorithm is validated through real-indoor exper- imental data.
The bodies of the (digitized) body : experiences of sexual(ised) work on OnlyFans
(SMID - Society of Media researchers In Denmark, 2021) Cardoso, Daniel; Scarcelli, Cosimo Marco; CICANT (FCT) - Centro de Investigação em Comunicação Aplicada, Cultura e Novas Tecnologias
OnlyFans has enjoyed increasing attention from media and from users and consumers, especially since the start of the covid-19 pandemic, and particularly amongst internet- savy emerging adults. We used semi-structured interviews to collect testimonies from young Italian women (N=20) who sell their own sexual(ised) content on OnlyFans and processed them through Thematic Analysis (Braun & Clarke 2006). Through this process, we sought to explore how different bodies are conceptualized in relation to content production, and how labour takes somatic existence in multiple ways. We looked at (1) how the body is prepared to be presented and mediatized, (2) how its presentation is conceptualized and actualized, and (3) how that work of re-presentation, as a work of networking and therefore where bodily energy is invested and expended. Through this, we show how there are multiple, concurrent and at times contradictory, narratives about corporality, and that potency and healing coexist alongside exhaustion.
Uma certa imagem de um mundo : estereoscopia e educação visual no início do século XX; uma investigação a partir da coleção Pestalozzi (MIMO)
(ICNOVA - Instituto de Comunicação da NOVA, 2017) Peixoto, Rodrigo; Escola de Comunicação, Arquitetura, Artes e Tecnologias da Informação
No século XVIII surgiu um novo paradigma na educação, que ficou conhecido sob o nome de educação visual. Na sua origem estão as ideias de Pestalozzi. Esta mudança na estrutura do modo de lecionar está intimamente ligada à fundação de uma sociedade moderna assente na tecnologia como forma de aceder ao conhecimento. Este ímpeto visual veio encontrar na fotografia e na estereoscopia, primeiro, e no cinema, depois, os veículos para a formação de gerações de estudantes, criando uma relação de visibilidade com a matéria lecionada, visibilidade que era olhada como equivalente ao contacto com um objeto a estudar, transformando a noção de ilustração ou documento, e esquecendo a mediação tecnológica. Através do estudo da coleção Pestalozzi (158 cartões estéreo em depósito no Museu de Imagem em Movimento (MIMO) de Leiria, pelo projeto Stereo Visual Culture apoiado pela FCT (PTDC/IVC-COM/5223/2012), e dos guias de leitura das coleções educacionais da Keystone View Co., pretendemos analisar a industrialização deste novo paradigma e a sua influência na criação de uma ideia hierarquizada, sistematizada, e apoiada em «evidências» visuais, de uma organização do mundo (no momento em que o surgimento do cinema ameaçava esta indústria). Um mundo que se pretendia objetivado nas imagens estéreo.
Children’s cancer narratives on YouTube : Agency and entrepreneurship in Brazilian CarecaTV
(Edições Universitárias Lusófonas, 2021) Marôpo, Lidia; Carvalho, Raiana de; Jorge, Ana Margarida Ferreira Rato; CICANT (FCT) - Centro de Investigação em Comunicação Aplicada, Cultura e Novas Tecnologias
This article looks at the social and cultural contexts of children’s experiences of illness, through a particular focus on the context of the Global South and the role of the social media platform YouTube in children’s culture. It takes a socio-constructivist approach to discuss the case of CarecaTV (BaldTV), a Brazilian YouTube channel with more than one million followers created by Lorena Reginato at the age of 12 when she was recovering from brain cancer. In CarecaTV, cancer subjectivity co-exists with and is expressed through digital commercialization. On the one hand, through this process, Lorena Reginato gains agency as she offers an inspirational and credible first-person testimony about cancer during childhood and becomes an emerging cancer activist. On the other, she uses entrepreneurship strategies associated with the digital influencer model of YouTube to promote herself as a (cancer) micro-celebrity, taking the lead in a youthful and playful culture.
ColorShapeLinks: A board game AI competition for educators and students
(Elsevier, 2021-02-23) Fachada, Nuno; Escola de Comunicação, Arquitetura, Artes e Tecnologias da Informação
ColorShapeLinks is an AI board game competition framework specially designed for students and educators in videogame development, with openness and accessibility in mind. The competition is based on an arbitrarily-sized version of the Simplexity board game, the motto of which, “simple to learn, complex to master”, is curiously also applicable to AI agents. ColorShapeLinks offers graphical and text-based frontends and a completely open and documented development framework built using industry standard tools and following software engineering best practices. ColorShapeLinks is not only a competition, but both a game and a framework which educators and students can extend and use to host their own competitions. It has been successfully used for running internal competitions in AI classes, as well as for hosting an international AI competition at the IEEE Conference on Games.
Combining the rational and relational perspectives of electronic trading
(The Operational Research Society, 2009) Redondo, Eduardo; Daniel, Elizabeth; Ward, John; CICANT (FCT) - Centro de Investigação em Comunicação Aplicada, Cultura e Novas Tecnologias
Many organisations make extensive use of electronic linkages to facilitate their trading exchanges with partners such as suppliers, distributors and customers. This research explores how the use of inter-organisational systems (IOS) both affects, and is affected by, the relationships between trading partners. In doing this, it brings together two existing but distinct perspectives and literatures; the rational view informed by IOS research, and the behavioural or relationship perspective embodied in inter-organisational relationships (IOR) literature. The research was undertaken in the European paper industry by means of six dyadic case studies. The dyads studied covered both traditional electronic data interchange systems and newer e-marketplace environments. A framework was derived from existing literature that integrates the two perspectives of interest. The framework was used to analyse the case studies undertaken and enabled the inter-relationship between IOS use and IOR to be explained.
Como a vontade de ser arte da fotografia do final do século XIX expulsou a estereoscopia
(Universidade da Beira Interior, 2015) Peixoto, Rodrigo; Escola de Comunicação, Arquitetura, Artes e Tecnologias da Informação
As razões para o desaparecimento da fo-tograﬁa estereoscópica do quotidiano dacultura ocidental, e o seu consequenteapagamento das histórias da Fotograﬁa,têm sido estudadas por vários autores. Osprincipais argumentos para este aconteci-mento parecem ser o triunfo da fotogra-ﬁa monoscópica (Anne Maxwell, 2000),o aparato necessário para a visualizaçãoe a subjetividade da imagem estéreo (Jo-nathan Crary, 1990), ou a sua utiliza-ção por industrias moralmente condená-veis como a pornograﬁa (AA.VV, 2013,p.183). Mas o papel do ímpeto artísticoe da utilização da Fotograﬁa como Arte(e a desadequação da estereoscopia a estepropósito) terá ﬁcado esquecido.Neste texto procuramos encontrar uma li-gação causal entre o surgimento dos mo-vimentos fotográﬁcos de expressão artís-tica da segunda metade do século XIX,nomeadamente o Pictorialismo em Ingla-terra e nos Estados Unidos, e o caminhopara o desuso da estereoscopia. Atravésda análise de imagens estereoscópicas decoleções públicas portuguesas, possibili-tada pelo projeto Stereo Visual Culture(PTDC/IVC-COM/5223/2012), e a in-vestigação em textos da época de autoresligadosaosmovimentospictorialistas, foipossível encontrar especiﬁcidades com-positivas e temáticas que corroboram atese de que também a vontade de promo-ção da Fotograﬁa ao mundo da “Grande”Arte terá contribuído para a queda da fo-tograﬁa estereoscópica.

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